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Circuits

Overachieving and under-appreciated, circuits are the foundation that our technological society is built on. Now's your chance to find out not only how they work, but why. Questions regarding the physics behind voltage, resistance, capacitance, inductance, transistors, LEDs, switches, and power supplies; and how they're used to create analog and digital circuits, should be directed here.

1,646 Questions

Realation of current with power and time?

There is no direct relation of electric current and power. In order to know

how much power (or energy) the current gives up, you must know what the

current is flowing through.

The easiest way to describe anything through which the current is flowing is

to measure and state its electrical resistance.

Once you know the resistance through which the current is flowing . . .

Power delivered by the current = (magnitude of the current, amperes)2 x (resistance of the path, ohms)

The power is delivered continuously. Its unit is watts.

Each watt of power means 1 joule of energy every second.

Does A pulse of positive voltage represents 0?

No, a pulse of positive voltage typically represents a binary 1 in digital electronics. A binary 0 is usually represented by a low voltage or ground signal.

A 10 ohm resistor has 20 volts across it. What will the current will be.?

I = E/R = 20/10 = 2 Amperes.

Note: Don't try this at home.

The power dissipated by a resistor is I2R = 40 watts for this one.

Unless your 10-ohm resistor is actually the coil in a toaster, a resistor

that's not effectively heat-sunk and is trying to dissipate 40 watts will

definitely get very hot, and could even shatter, spraying little bits of

hot carbon dust all over the place.

Be careful.

26 How do you position the test equipment into the circuits ensuring the correct polarity?

When positioning test equipment into circuits, always refer to the user manual for specific instructions. Typically, ensure that the positive probe of the equipment is connected to the positive terminal of the circuit/component and the negative probe to the negative terminal, respecting proper polarity. Double-check connections and use appropriate safety measures to prevent damage or injury.

What is alumina used for?

Lumina is one of several forms of aluminum oxide, Al2O3, occurring naturally as corundum, in a hydrated form in bauxite, and with various impurities as ruby, sapphire, and emery, used in aluminum production and in abrasives, refractories, ceramics, and electrical insulation. Also called aluminum oxide.

Which part of a circuit changes electrical energy into another form of energy?

A resistor or a component like a light bulb or a motor changes electrical energy into another form of energy, such as heat, light, or mechanical motion.

What is the purpose of a voltmeter in a circuit?

the purpose of a voltmeter is used to measure voltage in a circuit

What does the voltage regulator do?

it controls the amount of voltage that is flowing in a circuit.

To be more accurate, a voltage regulator provides a limiting mechanism to an electrical or electronic power source.

In the case of modern automotive alternators the voltage regulator "regulates" the output from the alternator by limiting the current flowing through the rotating field assembly inside the alternator. The weaker the electromagnetic field of this "rotor" the lower the output (both current and voltage) of the alternator.

When the electrical load on the alternator is low the regulator reduces the field strength based on it's set upper voltage limit. When the load increases beyond the capacity of the "limited" output the voltage drops (the load is kind of "shorting out" the power from the alternator) and the regulator allows the field current (and therefor the output of the alternator) to rise until the voltage reaches that "upper limit" again and so on.

Hope this helps

When using a 60.0 W light bulb in a household circuit what is the resistance?

To calculate the resistance of the 60.0 W light bulb, you need to know the voltage of the household circuit. Using the formula P = V^2 / R (where P is power in watts, V is voltage in volts, and R is resistance in ohms), you can rearrange to solve for resistance: R = V^2 / P. Substitute the given power (60.0 W) and the voltage of your household circuit to find the resistance.

The parts of a series circuit are wired one after another so the amount of curren is the?

There is no current at all in the series circuit until the last component is

in place, and the order in which they're arranged in the series circuit has

no effect on the magnitude of current.

What is the potential difference across a 5.0 W resistor that carries a current of 5.0 A?

There's no way to tell with the given information.

"5 W" tells the maximum power the resistor can dissipate without overheating

and possibly becoming damaged. That rating doesn't tell you anything about the

power it's actually dissipating, or its resistance. Knowing either of those numbers

in addition to the current through it would allow you to calculate the voltage across

the component.

The voltage across it is (5 times its resistance) or (0.2 times the power it's dissipating).

Which has the lowest resistance semiconductors superconductors insulator conductor?

Superconductors have the lowest resistance of all materials, with resistance dropping to zero when they are cooled below a certain critical temperature. Conductors have lower resistance than semiconductors and insulators, which have significantly higher resistance and do not conduct electricity as effectively.

Which part of a flashlight provides a voltage difference?

The batteries in a flashlight provide the voltage difference needed to power the bulb. The chemical reaction inside the batteries generates electrical energy which creates the potential difference, or voltage, between the positive and negative terminals of the battery.

If two electrical loads are connected in parallel with each other and each load draws 6 amps what is the total current of the circuit?

The total current in the circuit would be 12 amps. When electrical loads are connected in parallel, the currents add up. So if each load draws 6 amps, the total current would be the sum of both loads, which is 6 + 6 = 12 amps.

An electric DC circuit is attached to a 12 volt battery and has a 3 ohm resistor in it find the current flowing through the circuit?

If the 3-ohm resistor is the ONLY thing in the circuit, then the current

flowing through it is

(12 volts)/(3 ohms) = 4 amperes. If there are other things in the circuit besides the resistor, then the current

depends on all of them.

Where is the 02 sensor heater circuit bank 2 sensor 2 located on the 2002 Toyota Tundra?

There are 2 catalytic converters on a V8 2002 Toyota Tundra. Bank 1 is the manifold and cat on the drivers side and bank 2 is the manifold and cat on the passenger side. Sensor 1 is the sensor on the exhaust manifold before the catalytic converter. Sensor 2 is the sensor located after the cat converter. Bank 2 Sensor 2 is the sensor located after the catalytic coverter on the passenger side.

Is A superconductor is A conductor having zero resistance?

Yes, a superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity without any resistance at very low temperatures. This means that once a current is applied, it can flow indefinitely without any loss of energy due to resistance.

How to fix a P0141 Heater Circuit Sensor 2 on a 1996 Oldsmobile?

To fix a P0141 error code related to the oxygen sensor heater circuit on a 1996 Oldsmobile, you can first check the wiring and connections related to the sensor. If those are fine, then the oxygen sensor itself might need to be replaced. It's important to use a quality replacement sensor compatible with your vehicle to ensure proper function.

What will happen if you try to complete a circuit by joining the glass of a light bulb to the battery?

If you join the glass of a light bulb to the battery to complete a circuit, the light bulb will not light up. The glass is an insulator and does not conduct electricity, so the current will not flow through the bulb to produce light. It's important to use the metal contacts of the light bulb to connect the circuit for it to work properly.

If a paper and pencil lead is connected to a light bulb circuit which one will turn on the light bulb?

The paper will not conduct electricity, so it will not light up the bulb. The pencil lead, on the other hand, can conduct electricity and complete the circuit, causing the light bulb to turn on.

How many joules are in a single coulomb?

1 coulomb is the electric charge carried in 1 second by a current of 1 amp. 1 joule is the work done in one second at a power of 1 watt. So they are different things, with different dimensions, you can't equate them. To find the power caused by a flow of 1 coulomb you have to know the resistance of the circuit, the power in watts is then I2R.

Why negative feedback is necessary in closed-loop control systems?

Negative feedback is necessary in closed-loop control systems to ensure the system remains stable and responsive to changes. It helps to detect and correct errors, minimizing deviations from the desired output. By providing a means to compare the actual output to the desired reference input, negative feedback allows for adjustments to be made to keep the system operating within desired parameters.

How many paths in a series circuit?

In a series circuit, there is only one path for the current to flow. The current flows through each component in sequence, meaning that if one component fails or is removed, the entire circuit is interrupted.

Why are lamps connected in parallel?

If lamps were connected in series, if one light blew out, the entire system would shut down.

Although this is true, the main reason is that, by connecting each lamp in parallel with each other, each is subject to the same voltage*. And the power rating of a lamp only applies when it is subjected to its rated voltage.

(*The voltage across each branch of a parallel circuit is identical.)