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Computer Networking

Computer networks are collections of computers which are connected together in order to communicate and transfer information. Questions about computer networks, networking protocols, and how to set them up belong here.

18,810 Questions

What can be enabled on a wireless network by turning on WEP or WPA?

WEP, WPA, WPA2, etc, are just encryption protocols.

WEP is by far the easiest for hackers to break literally in seconds to minutes. WPA is much better but is slowly getting easier to crack, WPA2 Personal is the best you can use now for the consumer. Some fairly older wireless devices may not support WPA2 tho. At the very least use WPA with a long random password if you can't use WPA2.

Why are identical restrictions set on all of a router's virtual terminal lines?

-You can't control which of the virtual terminal lines the user will connect to

What are the advantages of using an ISA server?

The advantages of using an internet security and accelerator or ISA server is that your e-mail and network will be protected. It ensures authentication measures are taken.

What can you do with an open port?

You can connect to an open port, for instance, 80 TCP port is a standard port for web pages.

How can you assign two IP addresses to one network card using the Windows 98 OS?

Generally, you can't. Each network card has it's own unique physical MAC address imprinted on it by the manufacturer (kind of like a fingerprint or Social Security number). Although, many types of ethernet cards available today support changing the MAC address assigned to the card. The address is how a network device recognizes 'your' machine. When you log-on, a DHCP server assigns your MAC an IP address. It's not going to assign 2 IP's to the same MAC address (though on many OSs you can do this yourself).

You can, however, assign a 'static' (unchanging) IP to your machine. I suppose you could change between two IP's. Static IP's are normally for businesses that own their own server (and the IP ranges assigned to it). Your normal ISP won't allow you static IPs without a formal request.

you can however have two cards with the same ip

you can assign two ip addresses to a single interface in a Linux OS, no idea of Win 98 though.

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[As mentioned above, multiple IP addresses may be assigned to a single interface in a Unix or Linux operating system (I have machines with a dozen or more IP addresses assigned to a single physical network interface), however I'm not sure such "virtual or aliased interfaces" can be created in Windows 98.

This is useful on Linux machine so that each different "virtual" IP address can be assigned a unique DNS name and accessed by that DNS name, even though, in reality, the client machine is actually just talking to the same server that is hosting dozens or thousands of other web sites under other domain names. I really don't know anything about Windows whatever, I haven't used a Windows machine since Windows 95 and I very seldom even turned that machine on. Linux worked for me then and it works for me now. *Shrug*

We can not provide the one MAC address to two PC. It is used only for the one PC per IP address.

This is a restriction with Windows98, unless you can find "special" drivers for certain network cards. WindowsXP, as well as Linux, has these facilities built in.

edit:the MAC address is unique to every network device and set at the time of manufacture.

You are testing client server program how can test it in one computer making a single PC both client and server?

It's very simple. You just need to tell the client to connect to ip address 127.0.0.1, which is local host. You also define the port number for the client.

On Server side, you just need to listen to that port.

Then run both client and server programs on the same PC and it should work.

What are the cisco IOS modes?

IOS has many different modes, the main ones being user exec and privileged mode. Both usually require authentication to enter. So when you initially telnet into your router you are in basic mode. This allows you to do very few commands, such as ping, telnet to another host, and get statistical information. Access to all configurations are off limits, even for viewing.

User Exec ModeWhen you first log in, you are already at user exec mode. You can also tell because you are given the ">" prompt. Privileged Exec ModePrivileged Exec Mode is simply the administration mode for the router. This mode by itself allows you to view router settings that are considered private. To get into the privileged exec mode you must use the enable command.

Clue: People with a clue would type 'en' to enter privileged exec mode.

The Privileged exec mode is given the "#" prompt. A few of the common commands are listed below:

  • show access-list - displays all access lists and the number of matches each line has received since the access list was applied.
  • show interface - displayes the mani configurations of all interfaces.
  • show interface summary - (IOS version 12.0 and newer) Displays a quick summary of all interfaces.

Privileged mode has a a few sub modes as well such as global configuration mode, interface configuration mode, and routing configuration mode, which are described below. You can think of the different modes as a tree that give you more access and more specific configurations as you traverse down the branches.

User Exec Mode | Privleged Mode (en) | Global Configuration (conf t) | | Interface (int ...) Routing (route..)

What are the components of a website and how does it relate to an ip address?

An IP address is the numerican address (such as 192.168.1.1) that computers use to contact services.

ALL websites have an IP address, which must be found or known to contact a site.

A DNS (Dynamic Name Server) is used to turn www.website.com into an IP address. Then the computer connects.

If there is no DNS, or the domain (www.something.com) is not valid, then the computer will be unable to connect without manually inputting the address.

To set up a website, you will first need a Host.

A Host is someone who has a webserver which is where the files for your website are stored and what people see when they connect to your site.

Some hosts are free, but will severely limit what you can do on your site. You may be forced to only use pictures, images, and code they have pre-made for you, and you may not be able to design the site you want.

Most have restrictions to how large the site can be, and how many people can visit per day/week/month as well.

Paid hosts are much more flexible and friendly, but of course cost money. They still have restrictions, but you are less likely to encounter them.

You can also build and host your own webhost server, if you have DSL or a business-class cable account. Cable companies for residential forbid any webhosting, and will cancel your service if you do.

Second, you will need a Domain. Stores such as godaddy.com and yahoo will sell domains for a monthly or yearly fee. Be warned, some (like yahoo) will jack the price up substantially after the first year. Yahoo likes to sell for $10 or less, then renew the domain for $30+. If you don't renew, the domain provider may hang on to it for a while. Yahoo does this for 6 months. You will NOT be able to buy the domain somewhere else until this time has expired.

A domain is optional in many cases, if the webhost provides you with a direct link. Usually it looks something like this: www.godaddy.com/jp1/kemono/

This is harder to type and remember than something like www.kemonojapan.com, so you can figure out why a domain is preferable.

Thirdly, you will need to generate the content of the website, using an HTML editor (or notepad and program manually). You may also use CSS, Java, Javascript, DHTML, and other languages to add more complex features, but you will have to learn these languages also. HTML is easy to learn, and it's basic commands can simply be printed off and kept for ease of use for very simple, basic websites.

But flashy, complex websites will require Javascript, Java, or CSS to arrange, which requires more learning and difficulty.

Register value for cisco router 1841?



Please refer to this Cisco article to understand the concept of router registers


http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/routers/ps133/products_tech_note09186a008022493f.shtml#conventions

What types of delay are significant in assessing the performance of a packet-switching network?

Propagation delay: The time it takes a signal to propagate from one node to the next.

Transmission Time: The time it takes for a transmitter to send out a block of data.

Node Delay: The time it takes for a node to perform the necessary processing as it switches the data.

What is windowing in the Transport layer?

In TCP, after sending a certain amount of data, the sender has to wait for a confirmation, before sending more. The amount of data that can be sent before receiving a confirmation is called the "window size". This window size may vary during the transmission, depending on the quality of the link.

What is the H-channel used for in the ISDN network?

carrying user voice and data

circuit switching

packet switching