Computer Networking

Huh? What data should be 64 kilobytes in length?

Huh? What data should be 64 kilobytes in length?

Huh? What data should be 64 kilobytes in length?

Huh? What data should be 64 kilobytes in length?

Those are the Standards - an agreed upon set of protocols (rules) to describe network communication.

The Media independent interface or MII is the interface that a PHY uses to communicate with a MAC. A twisted pair is typically used in networking to describe a set of tx or rx wires that are twisted together in a cat5 cable. for a typical 100-1000 Mbps ehternet network you would need two twisted pairs to transfer the data (rx+,rx-,tx+,tx-). The twisted pairs are connected to the PHY (the physical interface) and then via MII the PHY passes the relevant information up the MAC layer of the stack.

One is straight-through, meaning that pin 1 on one plug goes to pin 1 on second plug and so on. This type of cable is used 99% of the cases, when you want to connect a computer (or other networked device) to a hub or switch. There can be 1-3 (or even more) such cables on the way, for example:

- 1 cable connecting a computer to a desktop switch directly

- 3 cables: one to the wall socket, next from wall socket to the patchpanel in the cabinet (socket-to-socket cable, instead of plug-to-plug, but the principle is the same), and third from patchpanel to the switch inside the cabinet.

The socket in a hub/switch is internally connected in such a way, that transmitted signal (TX pair) from the computer is fed to the receiver (RX), and vice versa: RX pair from the computer is wired to the TX output. This makes it possible to use straight-through cables in any necessary quantity, because nothing gets changed on the way.

The second type is a "crossover" cable. It is wired in such a way, that the RX pair on one side is connected to the TX pins on the other side, and the TX pair is connected to the RX pins. It is used in special cases, for example if you want to connect:

- two computers with each other only

- two hubs/switches together to extend the network

- a router or modem-router with a computer only

This type of cable can be extended, but only using straight-through cable, because an even number of crossover cables (for example 2) will result in crossing twice, which will bring the signals back to the same position, hence not crossing at all.

Modern network equipment usually has auto-sensing network ports, which reconfigure themselves automatically based on the signals they sense in the cable, so the necessity of using crossover cables is diminished. It will usually be written somewhere in a form similar to "Auto MDI/MDIX".

IPsec Short for IP Security, is a set of protocols developed by the IETF to support secure exchange of packets at the IP layer. IPsec has been deployed widely to implement Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). IPsec supports two encryption modes: Transport and Tunnel. IPsec to work, the sending and receiving devices must share a public key.

netsh winsock show catalog

Your school has blocked certain sites - to try to get you to concentrate on your lessons - not use their computers for personal communication which should be done from home ! We in the Wiki community will not help you bypass your school's security protocols !

A network is an architecture to communicate between servers, clients, and outside world.

Networking is the method to build up the network architecture..........

Privileged mode (will turn into a # sign after the router name instead of the > sign it has upon startup.

192 is equal to 2 bits borrowed 2^2 = 4 the number of subnets and host are 64 because 2 bits borrowed from the 8 bits of a class C network is 6, therfore 2^6 = 64.

No a hub will not speed up your connection, your connection is based on the ISP. A hub sends the information to every computer on the network until it finds the computer that sent the request.

The most common use of fiber optic lightning is in the use of sending information with bursts of light forming bits. It's the most common form of internet distribution over long distances.

you have successfully installed windows 7 and want to check your drives for errors. name one way of checking for errors.

IP address are the unique address. IP or internet protocol addresses are also known as logical addresses . The 32 bit address is the IPV4 address.

noemally client server is used by client o server and mobile for calling

Nya is building wires ( n comes from soft anneleaed copper , y comes from poly venile cholride , a is a symbol for single core )

A URL, or Universal Resource Locator, is a character string that refers to an Internet source - often these are websites, but they can also be media files - such as images or sound files.

A bookmark is a URL that's been saved by a particular browser so that the specific URL can be easily found in the future.

A network optical cable will have (with multi-mode anyway) two connection, one for transmission and one for receiving (TX/RX) data. So over one fiber? No, transmission or receiving only. Over an actual fiber network cable which is a bound pair? Yes.

Address in a private range will not be routed on the internet backbone

Fax machine or internet fax service is useful in universities due to the fact that both can transmit a copy or image of important documents such as forms, receipts or any legal documents required in the university.

Domain Name Servers hold IP address to host name and host name to IP address mappings. For each domain there is usually a primary and secondary Domain Name Server.

Typically you would need a gateway for this purpose, because the protocols are very different. In my HP server, for example, I have two NIC cards; one of the NICs connects to a Token Ring network and the other connects to an Ethernet network.

The software in the HP server (gateway) manages the translation between the two different types of networks.

Connects the router to a single broadcast address. e.g. LAN

There are many protocols that can be used over serial ports. The most common ones are RS-232 and Z-Modem for file transfers.

The name of the protocol is "HTTP". Short for HyperText Transport Protocol.