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Computer Terminology
Questions and answers about different terms related to computers, as well as computer language that is popularly used today.
11,612 Questions
What is the function of an input device?
Input devices are anything that feeds input from the world to your computer.
A very primitive computer could have only a cpu, processing unit and some memory,
It could get no input from any device.
Usually when referring to PC input devices - one can consider -
Keyboard, mouse, web-cams, touch-screens, media buttons(on laptops etc.), microphone
And anything else that feeds input into the local machine.
Cheerz,
spu.
What is interrupt in architecture?
program interrupt is transfer program control from currently running program to a service program depends on internal or external generated request
after execution of service program, program control will be returned to original program
Since there is 1024 B units in the next largest B unit (Ex 1024 MB per 1GB, 1024GB per 1TB), then:
1.5 TB x 1,024 GB/TB = 1,536 GB
1,536 GB x 1,024 MB/GB = 1,572,864 MB
How many millibytes make a gigabyte?
There is no such thing as a "millibyte". It's called a megabyte and there is 1024 megabyte(mb) in a gigabyte.
Using based binary sizes, not decimal (which is what the boxes for HDs and such use).
1 Gigabyte = 1,073,741,824 bytes
1 Millibyte = 0.0009765625 = 1/1024 = 2^-10 bytes
c/o http://tilansia.com/sizechart.html
So 1GB/1mB tells you there are 1,099,511,627,776 mB in 1GB.
multicomputer-- A computer made up of several computers. The term generally refers to an architecture in which each processor has its own memory rather than multiple processors with a shared memory. Something similiar to parallel computing.
Distributed computing deals with hardware and software systems containing more than one processing element or storage element, concurrent processes, or multiple programs, running under a loosely or tightly controlled regime.
Explain how omr is used to help mark tests?
omr is used to help mark test papers because it know what boxes are filled in and it marks the test paper more easier
What does 64 bit processing mean?
32-bit or 64-bit is the number of data bits that a computer can handle in a register, with the data bus, with an instruction manipulation, etc. In a "standard" 8-bit per byte system, 32 bits can hold four bytes, and 64 bits can hold 8 bytes.
The designations 32-bit and 64-bit also refer to the operating mode of the processor. The IA-32 architecture, which started with the 80386 microprocessor, could handle 32-bit data and it had a 32-bit address bus. That is a 4GB address space, of which 2GB is used for the program, 1GB is used for shared DLL's, and 1GB is used for the operating system.
While a 32-bit address space is quite large, some programs, particularly database programs, need to manuipulate more than 2GB without needing to "think" about address segmentation.
The 64-bit architecture solves this by allowing much larger address spaces to be created, up to 8TB, depending on the operating system. The operating system runs in 64-bit mode, and it supports programs written in both 64-bit mode and 32-bit mode.
When is the local user profile created?
When Windows 2000/XP is first installed, or more specifically, it is after an Administrator establishes a local user account; then when the user logs on for the first time the system will establish a profile for that user.
What kind of backup site would have no or very limited equipment?
This would be one that is completely online. You would just need the computer or the server for it to work.
To understand this first you need to know what a byte is. A byte is a set of 8 electrical circuits that can be off or on. There are 256 possible combinations of off and on circuits in a byte which correspond with the 256 ASCII code set(Kind of a more advanced version of Morse code). Each byte then is one letter or number or other special code such as tab or enter or escape or etc ...
Kb stands for Kilo byte meaning 1 thousand bytes
Mb stands for Mega byte meaning 1 million bytes
GB stands for Giga byte meaning 1 billion bytes
Tb st
ands for Tera byte meaning 1 trillion bytes
What temporarily holds data and programs while computer is on?
The RAM (random access memory) usually stores temporary files and cache to help speed up your computer by not having to repeatedly load the same thing but is you do not restart your computer the RAM will become full and it will slow down your computer so every now and then just restart the computer for best performance.
How many megabytes to get a 5 gigabyte?
1000 megabyte = 1 gigabyte
make this 5 then that will be
5000 megabytes
How many kilobytes in 10 gigabytes?
10 GB = 1024 x 10 Megabytes
10240 Megabytes = 10240 x 1024 KB = 10485760
Manual and computer-based Information system?
An information system does not only refer to the way in which business data is stored by a company. It also refers to the way in which the business interacts with clients or associates, processes orders, and advertises.
Basically, a manual information system is one that does not rely on any computerized systems and a computer-based information system does. A manual-based system will see information recorded and kept in different ways such as in files in paper form. Whereas a computer based information system will see data stored on various computer programs including on databases, Word documents, Excel etc.
Both types of information system are designed to help a business carry out its day-to-day operations. Computer-based systems are generally considered to be more popular as more businesses are choosing to keep up with the developments in information technology. There are still those who continue to use manual systems though, perhaps as a matter of financial constraints or it may simply be more suitable for their type of business.
A manual-based information system is generally considered to be cheaper than a computer-based system, however it may contribute to lower levels of staff productivity. In addition, having data stores manually in boxes or files is not very environmentally-friendly and this could leave company documentation at risk if a fire broke out for example as there would be no back up.
A computer-based information system is more cost effective and efficient than a manual system. It speeds up operations and can back up important information at the touch of a button. It is however very expensive to set up and may need to be maintained by IT technical support advisors on a regular basis.
What are different types of kernel?
Basically, there are three types of kernel:
- Monolithic Kernel- Micro Kernel- ExoKernel
Monolithic:As the name itself suggests, the kernel has every services like, FS Management, MM, Process Management, etc. in the kernel space. It does not run as a separate process. So, as you guess, there is no context switching, when you ask for a service. But, the probability of a monolithic kernel getting struck is more. Because, if there is a bug in the kernel itself, nothing can rescue it. Linux and Windows are good examples of Monolithic kernel. Linux, being a monolithic kernel, you can insert modules into the kernel dynamically using insmod command.
Micro Kernel:Micro kernel runs all the services as a daemon in the user space. So, if a problem occurs in any of the service, the kernel will be able to decide what to do next. But, you pay-off the time to switch to a service in this type of kernel. Micro kernels are some what difficult to design and build than the monolithic kernel. There are always a discussion over the internet, talking about the advantage and disadvantages of monolithic and micro kernel.
Exo Kernel:Exo kernel is not yet stabilized. It's under design and research. The user mode processes running in this type of kernel has the ability to access kernel resources like process tables, etc directly.
A program is a series of related instructions for a common purpose that tells a computer what to do and how to do it.
How many characters is one byte?
Long long time ago a character was only one byte. Now (unicode) a character is 2 or 4 bytes, but usually we use a variable-length encoding called utf-8.
What is meant by cache memory?
In a computer, cache memory is a special type of fast access memory that is between the CPU and the main memory. If the CPU always had to access main memory, it would spend most of its time idle waiting for that memory to respond. But because memory accesses statistically tend to cluster around each other in real programs instead of completely randomly scattering across memory, a single CPU memory access can cause the cache memory controller to perform a fast burst access of main memory including that address to load an entire "line" of cache memory. If a following CPU memory access is in this same "line" of cache memory that has already been loaded, it will not have to wait for the main memory to respond, instead the cache responds first providing the copy it has of that address' contents.
Cache memory was originally invented in the late 1950s by IBM for their 7030 Stretch supercomputer (a machine built entirely using discrete germanium transistors, no integrated circuits at all). However all the 7030 documents use the term "virtual memory" for what is now universally called cache memory, and "virtual memory" means something entirely different now.
Each cache memory unit is composed of three sections:
- cache controller
- content addressable memory (CAM)
- fast access static random access memory (SRAM)
Cache memory is organized into levels (L1, L2, L3, etc.) with the L1 Cache closest to the CPU and each additional level further away until the final Cache level connects directly to the memory. The L1 Cache uses the fastest speed SRAM but has the smallest amount of SRAM and each additional level uses slower speed SRAM but has more SRAM than the previous level. The L1 Cache is usually divided into two independent Caches (L1 Instruction Cache and L1 Data Cache) and is dedicated to supporting only one CPU but each additional level is usually a single Cache (shared by both instructions and data) and in systems having multiple CPUs may be shared by two or more CPUs. In systems having multiple CPUs the cache controllers must implement special bus protocols to coordinate line invalidations and updates to prevent some of the CPUs from accessing obsolete Cache contents from its Caches when a different CPU that does not use those Caches has modified memory that is mapped to both its local Caches and the other CPUs local caches.
Proper design of a Cache memory system for a computer requires extensive simulation of typical real code expected to be used on the system. Any problems found must be corrected, so that the Cache usage will remain even and balanced, and anticipated performance verified.
Relationship between information system and information technology?
Good question! Information system is a bit personal and is business oriented as it focuses on inference and application of computing in the corporate domain. Whereas, information technology is never limited to a single domain but it focuses on selection, integration as well as deployment of computing in various fields.
Information system requires exceptional management skills along with knowledge of technology, to take strategic decisions. Information technology requires technical knowledge of integrating databases as well as networking deployment and development of websites.
To keep it short, Information system is about the corporate side of technology, whereas Information Technology deals with core technical part.
A macroprocessor scans files for certain keywords given by computer code that was written to find a specific keyword. Once the macroprocessor finds the keyword, it replaces it with the value given by the computer code. For example, if a computer code was written as: #define MAX_COMPUTERS 6 int computers; for (computers = 0; computer < MAX_COMPUTERS; computers ++) The macroprocessor would scan the file for the keyword "computers" and replace it with the macro definition, 6.
What does being a media-literate person require?
In order to be media literate, you need to know the various forms of media, including newspapers, magazines, television, and alternative media, and be able to sort out what is reliable and what is not reliable.
How many megabytes does a movie usually hold?
There is no set amount of space. It is entirely dependant upon the length, resolution, compression level, and type of compression.
For a movie that is on a DVD, it can hold as much as 4.5gb (even though DVDs have 4.7gb of space on them. Also depends on if it is a single, or dual layer DVD), or a Blu-Ray Disk can hold just under 25gb (also depending on whether single or multi-layer).
Hope that helped!
- ElectroGoofy
