How did technology improve in the 1960s?
living in a high-tech age, it's easy to forget that "technology" didn't always mean iPods, DVD and the Internet. For thousands of years, it was the means by which people secured food and shelter, established social order and shaped and sustained their cultures.
W. Bernard Carlson, professor of science, technology and society at the University of Virginia's School of Engineering and Applied Science, believes that students don't learn enough about the vital interaction of technology, culture and history. So, he decided to do something about it. The result is the seven-volume "Technology in World History," just published by Oxford University Press, for which Carlson served as editor in chief.
"Along with language, religion and social structure, technology is part of the culture of a given people and perhaps more than any other element, is used to shape and illustrate a society's values and beliefs," Carlson said. "While all cultures have technology, every culture uses technology differently."
Unlike other histories of technology, this set is organized by different cultures, rather than by different technologies. Instead of one chapter devoted to metalworking through the ages, Carlson and his co-authors looked at metalworking in the context of different societies at different times. Which metal was worked and why? What was it used to make? How did the manufactured items both reflect and shape their society?
The history begins with the Stone Age and ends with the global economy. It defines technology broadly, exploring not only traditional topics - agriculture, industrialization, transportation, navigation and computers - but also medicine and pharmacology, warfare, timekeeping, and domestic and fine arts. The chapters touch on incremental, but significant, advances as well as revolutionary breakthroughs.
Unlike many histories of technology that focus on Europe and the United States, these volumes delve into non-Western societies and their contributions to the world's technological knowledge through the ages. Designed to serve both world history and science curriculums, they explore the history and technology of 18 different cultures, including China, the Islamic Empire, Sub-Saharan Africa, the Pacific, the Maya and the Aztecs.
The books - which include timelines and more than 600 illustrations, including photographs, maps and diagrams - are designed for public and school libraries.
"One of the goals of the cross-cultural approach is to move readers beyond Western assumptions about technology," Carlson said. "Non-Western cultures may view technology in different ways. It's not just the means to pursue material and economic goals - creating wealth, maintaining military power, improving health and providing entertainment. People may also use technology to pursue non-economic goals, such as sustaining the social order and expressing cultural meaning."
An expert on the role of technology and innovation in American history, Carlson received his doctorate in the history and sociology of science from the University of Pennsylvania. His publications include "Innovation as a Social Process: Elihu Thomson and the Rise of General Electric, 1870-1900" (Cambridge University Press, 1991; paper reprint 2002). With support from the Sloan Foundation, he is currently completing a biography of the inventor Nikola Tesla.
What were hippies called in the 70's?
As Hippies we were free spirited and were protesting against the morals and values of the older generation. We were against consumerism and therefore our clothing was recycled: found in thrift stores, rummage sales, antique shops, etc. We also got things from Army Surplus (bell bottoms and p-coats).
I was a hippie.. read about my life in my blog
http://dakiniverona.blogspot.com/
Dakini Verona
What was the National debt in 1960?
US GDP (1998 dollars): $526.6 billion
Federal spending: $92.19 billion
Federal debt: $290.5 billion
Consumer Price Index: 29.6
Unemployment: 5.5%
Cost of a first-class stamp: $0.04
What three movies were popular in 1967?
=Forrest Gump $329 million==The Lion King $312 million==True Lies $146 million=
What colors were popular in the 1960's?
bright colours such as yellow and lime green were very popular in the 1960s
How were trains around the 1960s?
Many cars, buses and trains in the 1960s looked very futuristic. This was a current trend at the time, as science fiction and the advancement of technology were very popular.
What is the price of a 1967 shelby gt 500 in the 1960's?
Retail price in 1967: Shelby GT500: $4,195
Power disc brakes: $63.77
Power steering: $84.47
Shoulder harness: $50.76
Select-O-Matic transmission: $50.00
Air conditioner, SelectAire: $356.09
Exhaust emission control system: $45.45 Closed crankcase emission system: $5.19 Fold-down rear seat (mandatory): $64.77 Radio, AM push-button: $57.51
Deluxe wheels: $185.00
Rallye stripe: $34.95 Price today range from $90K for a restorable derelict upward to $200K for a vehicle with a proper provenance and race history.
How much did toothpaste cost in the 1960's?
A refill of hair spray was 6 pence in the 1960s kept your own bottle then got refills the hairspray smell was really nice
What were the popular hairstyles in the 1960's for women?
People would comb it back with a type of gel that 1 out of 1000000 people wear today! Usually women would where their hair in a bun, ponytail, or simply wear it down. Back in the sixties people would make their hair look like wigs!
The business of buying and selling human beings?
Slavery is a system in which people are treated as property and are often bought and sold as property.
There are a few different types of slavery:
What role did women play in the society in 1960's?
Feminism in the 1960s was part of second wave feminism, which lasted until the 1980s. Some key components of second wave feminism that occurred in the 60s were the publishing of Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique, the formation of NOW, and Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
The Feminine Mystique dealt with the discontent that many housewives of the 60s felt. During World War Two, many women had had to leave the house and work in factories to fill the labor shortage left by the men being deployed, and in order to support themselves. At the end of the war, women were expected to return home in order to care for their husbands, and allow men to re-take their traditional places in the workforce. Many women were unhappy in their limited roles as only housewives, but had no language to express how they felt, and could often times not explain why they were feeling such discontentment. Betty Friedan's book described what they were feeling, and gave them language to express their discontent, which helped women then call for the expansion for their rights and roles in the workforce.
NOW (the National Organization for Women) was formed in 1966 and pressed for equality in the workplace and in political life for women. NOW's efforts were pivotal for the expansion of women's rights in the 60s, and the organization has remained a strong force for positive social change, even today.
Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act was also critical in the feminist movement. It mandated equal employment opportunities. However, Title VII was ineffectually enforced, but it was nonetheless a historic piece of legislation that helped serve as a springboard for further legislation, and it did in some cases help women enter the workforce.
What was the cost of a movie in the 1960's?
The average price of a movie ticket:
1961: 69 cents
1965: $1.01
1969: $1.42
What were important events in the 1960's?
Well, Apollo 1 burned, killing the crew. The Berlin wall went up. The US got (more) involved with Viet Nam. "Free love" changed social rules. The military-industrial complex became all-powerful. Jack Kennedy was killed. 1000's of servicemen were lost. We landed on the moon (I think). Hippies came and...left. The gov't started clean air & water acts. Equal rights. The Beatles. ICBMs, atomic power plants, supertankers, jumbo jets developed. Nice
the same as there are now many methods have changed and become Les labour intensive. IT has changed the speed and nature of many jobs But in the sixty's there were doctors scientists farmers labourer's, cooks chefs waiters soldiers,ice cream men, milkmen bakers sailors, etc etc.
How much money did a teacher earn in the 1920's?
Salaries for public-school teachers varied widely, but most earned $800 to $1,000 per year For comparison sake... Manufacturing jobs generally paid well $1,100 to $1,200 per year -though they were also affected by frequent layoffs. Farming paid poorly, with the average farmworker receiving $500 to $600 annually, though he might also save money by growing his own food. Most office workers earned around $I,200 -unless they were female and therefore brought home only $800 to $900 per year.
Why did people smoke in the 1960's?
Smoking was more in the 1950's. In the 1800's until the 1900's, they smoked pipes. Then from the 1900's to the 1980's they smoked cigars. Then from the 1980's to present day cigarettes are smoked. But cigars are still smoked by some people, and only a freak would smoke a pipe if they existed.
How much did workers in the 1960' s get paid?
I know someone that worked as a migrant farm laborer in the 1960's. There is not set rate. Depended on what you picked. The typical range for a ten hour day was $10 dollars ($77 in 2012 money) to $150 ($>$1000 in 2012 money). The money was earned by piece work, i.e. X amount of dollars per bin picked. The lowest amount was for picking cotton and the higher amount for picking pears and Apples. According to him, in order to earn $150, you worked like a mad man and took no breaks. Still, $150 in the 1960's was HUGE money.
What type of weapons were used during a rumble in the 1960's?
sledge hammers, kinives... alot of things!
What is true about woman in the workforce in the early 1960s?
Women had fewer job opportunities than men did in the 1960s.
What did a pack of gum cost in 1960's?
5 cents You could buy individually wrapped Bubble Gum for 1 cent.
What were some hobbies people did in the 1960s?
The most popular instruments of the 1940s was the saxaphone.
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A different view.
The most popular instruments from the period 1900 - around 1970 would have been the voice, sax/clarinet, trumpet, trombone. You can't really specify a single most popular instrument of that period. To understand why you have to look at the music of that time.
In the 40's singers featured heavily in Jazz and Swing music which was the 'pop' music of the day. It was also the 'Glen Miller' period and American Music was exported to the world through the American troops involvement in the second world war.
Later as the singers became an important feature of the Big & swing bands, the band became less important and big bands died a lingering death from 1950 onwards till about the late 1960's Early 1970's as "Rock and roll" supplanted it as the current vogue.
Therefore I would cite the most popular instrument of 1940 as the voice with any of the swing or Jazz band lead instruments as joint popularity.
What kind of shoes did women wear in the 60's?
Yeah they were. but they were very popular during the 70's!