Electronics Engineering

The two main uses of insulators are (a) to prevent short-circuits if two cabled touch, and (b) minimise cross-talk between data cables.

yes it is

230 v is deadly, it doesn't matter if it's ac or dc.

Some people say one is more dangerous than the other. That implies that there is some voltage, lower than 230 v, at which one will kill you but the other will not. There is no conclusive evidence for that, so it can't be said that ac is more dangerous than dc or vice versa.

The term Radar is actually an acronym for Radio Detection And Ranging. A Radar functions by transmitting an electromagnetic radiation pulse and receiving a return signal or echo of that pulse. The strength of this return signal is measured and allows us to determine size and location of objects. When using a radar to observe weather, we are able to see the severity and movement of precipitation.

Satelites generally detect infrared radiation or visible light emmitted or reflected from another object into space and provide a visual representation of this radiation. This is good for observing cloud cover and atmospheric activity.

Electronically speaking, satelites are usually passive systems while ground radars are always active systems.

The collector current is a multiple of the base current due to the inherent design of the BJT. In circuit analysis, barring knowing the exact amplification, I've used 50 many times - so if you have 20 uA flowing in the base, the collector current should be ~ 1mA, and the emmiter will be ~1.02mA.

Although not true of every system, the vast majority of remotes for TVs and other home AV equipment use infrared radiation to transmit information. Infrared radiation is very similar to visible light, but of a shorter wavelength, so our eyes can't see it. it is however of a higher wavelength than radio waves on the electromagnetic spectrum, illustrated at the link

To design an OR using 2:1 mux, we need to tie the "First" input to "Logic 1″ and the "Zeroth" input to the one of the input of the OR Gate. The other input of OR gate would be connected with the select line of the MUX.

Now, the output of the MUX would be "1″ when any oth the two inputs would be "1″ otherwise it would be "0″ for all conditions.

The cast of Short Circuit - 1986 includes: Tim Blaney as Number 5 John Garber as Otis Steve Guttenberg as Newton Crosby Marguerite Happy as Barmaid Sergio Kato as Frank Robert Krantz as Reporter Howard Krick as Farmer Shay McLean as Party Guest Brian McNamara as Frank Austin Pendleton as Howard Marner Billy Ray Sharkey as Zack Mary Reckley as Party Guest Penny Santon as Mrs. Cepeda Ally Sheedy as Stephanie Speck Fred Slyter as Norman Herb Smith as Gate Guard Jan Speck as Reporter Fisher Stevens as Ben Jabituya William Striglos as Party Guest Barbara Tarbuck as Senator Mills Jack Thompson as Party Guest Vernon Weddle as General Washburne

Circular,,,from the word circuit.

Digital circuits are used most extensively when compared to its opponent ,its none other than analog circuits.Generally we consider a device or circuit in the sense we use widely use by considering different characteristics like speed,accuracy,efficiency,mechanical strength,environmental conditions,errors,noise,performance in different aspects,cost etc.

When we consider an analog circuit, it consumes large power for transmitting any signal.We have different types of transmissions even in analog which consumes power in different ranges.We say a digital circuit is better when we take power(consumption) into account.

The probability of error is also less because we have only two states that is either 0 or 1 , for any information we transmit the combination of 0's and 1's by using proper sampling techniques i.e; the sampling frequency should be twice of the message signal frequency(max). In equation

fs =2f ;

fs=sampling frequency;

f= maximum operating frequency of message signal.

When we consider analog the signal is continuous and while transmitting we have more chances for error occurence.So we prefer a digital circuit.

One more factor is noise.The source of noise is less in digital circuits and signal to noise ratio is also good in digital circuits.Accuracy is the main performance characteristic to say that digital circuits are more advantageous.

The above are some of the comparitives to say that digital circuits are widely preferred.

the ability if a substance to slow down electric current

Voltage is (potential energy). Energy is the amount of work that the electrical current can perform... total watts. Voltage is just a potential. An electric spark can jump a distance through air, and the distance is determined by voltage. A full description would take quite a bit of time and space on this web site, but some physics or other science books can certainly give an adequate description of the relationship between Volts, Amps and Watts, and give meaning to the formula: Volts X Amps = Watts

Originally Answered: How should an ammeter be connected in a circuit to correctly read the current?

Let’s consider DC based circuits first. Ammeters then are connected in series (like in a sequential chain) between the power supply or source (not necessarily the same) and the power drain (or the circuit load). Since we are talking about a DC circuit, the power to the circuit is first turn OFF to prevent sparking (in a large current situation) and to allow the measurement driven modification to be made. I usually measure if any voltage is present at the power leads where the current measurement will be done. The reason for this is to see if there are any sneak power circuits feeding the circuit under test. The circuit is then broken (or opened with either a switch, a jumper plug removal or simply disconnected) on the (usually) positive side of the supply. If you have to physically cut the positive feed wire, make sure that you can reconnect it so that no short exposed wires remain after the measurement.

Make sure that you use an ammeter that will be able to appropriately measure the load. As an example if you are trying to measure a current with a supply current in the range of 7.5A, connecting an ammeter that is designed to measure 0 to 1A, then the instrument will most likely burn out. Professionals use ammeters that have switched multiple current range or are using measuring meters that can be shunted with the appropriate range shunt. The meter positive connection (usually a red wire or probe) is connected to the positive source of the power supply. The negative wire or probe (usually a black wire) is connected to the power load (where the circuit was cut/interrupted or disconnected previously.

Assuring that everything is done properly, then depending on the meter used turn the power supply on again. As a note if you are using a digital multi-meter, the instrument should be turned on FIRST, perhaps set on the highest current range. Turn the power supply back on and observe the current indication on the meter.

As mentioned by other fellow Quorians, if using a current probe, then it is easier but less flexible. For AC based circuits, there are no polarities to worry about but the range issue has to be factored in. The rest is more or less the same procedure.

I have been doing electronics, measurements plus remote customer support to solve power supplies issues over the phone for many years and I have seen (and experienced) my share of mishaps, errors, absence of knowledge/hands-on experience. I have seen accidents (some life threatening) so I am sharing a thing or two to help

to flow the electrons one way

Modulation is defined as a process by which any characteristics of a wave is varied as a function of the instantaneous value of another wave. The first wave which is a high frequency sine wave is known as carrier wave. Second wave is known as modulating wave and the resultant wave is known as the modulated wave.

The function of a light bulb in an electric circuit is that it turns electrical energy into light.

A rectifier diode normally allows current to pass in one direction (the forward direction), and almost no current in the opposite direction (the "reverse" direction). The diode is designed to work up to a certain voltage; if more than a certain voltage is applied in the reverse direction, it will "break down", and suddenly a large current will flow. This can irreparably damage the rectifier diode, unless it is of a type specifically designed to operate in the breakdown region - i.e., a Zener diode.

Bluetooth, WiFi, and remote-lock car keys do that.

if an electric circuit has potential difference.

Electricity will flow only if an electrical circuit is closed.

The small cylindrical thing that You see (generally on a side of the choke coil) is the "starter " of the tube light. This is the capacitor used in tube light. And is used to provide a momentary voltage rise of nearly 400V to start up the tube light hence Starter.

Connect the two batteries for the voltage needed. If they are 12 volt batteries and the lights are 12 volts, connect the batteries in parallel (negative to negative and positive to positive). If they are 12 volt batteries and the lights are 24 volts, connect the batteries in series (negative of one battery to positive of the other). Run a wire from batteries to first switch, then to two of the lights and the other switch (in parallel). From the second switch run a wire to the third light, then connect all three lights back to the battery.

Optical fibres are used to transmit light over distances of up to several hundred kilometres. A typical optical fibre consists of a cylindrical glass core, just a few micrometres in diameter, surrounded by a layer of a slightly different type of glass known as the cladding. Light in the core travels slightly slower than light in the cladding and this property tends to keep any light sent into the core from one end of the fibre from leaking out, until it reaches the far end. <a href="http://gow.epsrc.ac.uk/ViewGrant.aspx?GrantRef=EP/C014731/1" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">http://gow.epsrc.ac.uk/ViewGrant.aspx</a> The cladding is a glass sheath that surrounds the core. The cladding acts like a mirror, reflecting light back into the core. The cladding itself is covered with a plastic coating and strength material when appropriate. <a href="http://www.linktionary.com/f/fiber-optic.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">http://www.linktionary.com/f/fiber-optic