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General and Special Relativity

Relativity is the theory stating that all measurements depend on the relative motions of the observer and the observed. The theories of general and specific relativity were both proposed by Albert Einstein.

813 Questions

What did Sadi Carnot invent?

He invented the idea of the ideal thermodynamic cycle.

What is the importance of marketing intermediaries?

Intermediaries provide logistic support that increases convenience to both the producer and the consumer by offering effective delivery and pre- and post-purchase customer service as well as facilitating manufacturer services, making them indispensable to most mid- and small-scale producers. Marketing channels make possible the flow of goods from a producer, through intermediaries, to a buyer.

Can light produce interference patterns?

Yes, light can produce interference patterns. When a light wave passes through two closely spaced slits or obstacles, it diffracts and creates an interference pattern consisting of alternating bright and dark regions on a screen. This phenomenon is known as the interference of light and is a characteristic of wave-like behavior.

What predictions of general relativity have been verified?

All of them! Einstein's theory of General Relativity has, so far, made no false predictions except when the mathematican/scientists calculation has been wrong! Unfortunately it cannot work currently with quantum mechanics unless its with String theory.

Working of a subwoofer?

what is an woofer??--which responds to only low frequencies(150hz to down as far as 20hz). now we'll see how it works. *when low frequency is given to a speaker,due to vibration of membrane(a thin paper like material that vibrates in the speaker) there will be resonance that occurs inside the box.(here the box is made up of wood because to to absorb the sound waves and to give wooing effect)and so occurs harmonics.the first harmonic that hits the wooden plate,that small area or place is calculated using formulas(available in electronics sites)and a cutout is made at that small area. *this is the reason why woofer suddenly blows large amount of air and suck the same amount in and gives clarity even for the low frequencies in other words to say excellent bass effect.

Who discovered dual nature of light?

Max Planck discovered that, if one assumes that light was composed of "chunks" (he used the word "quanta"), and that each chunk of light had an energy equal to its frequency times a constant (which eventually became known as "Planck Constant"); the spectrum of blackbody radiation could be easily explained. Planck, however, did not think that these quanta were real, he only noted this fact as a mathematical curiosity.

Einstein noted that making the exact same assumption would fully explain the photo-electric effect. He also made the intellectual leap of stating these quanta were real particles, and not just mathematical models.

These "quanta" of light eventually became known as photons.

Why are the bases of cold drink tins concave It has something to do with Boyle's law?

The only alternative to a concave bottom would be a flat bottom, as a convex bottom would not let the can stand up properly. The flat bottom can would:

1. be weaker that a curved surface
2. Deform with the pressure in the can and lead to instability.
3. The concave surface overcomes both of these problems, allowing for stability when the liquid is pressurized and also added strength.

What happens if an object which is almost travaling at the speed of light is trapped in a garage it normally wouldn't fit in?

Mainly obliteration of the garage doors. (That's a serious answer to the question as it's stated). But I see the point of your question. An object traveling at relativistic speeds is foreshortened along the line of its travel--the amount of foreshortening depending on how nearly its speed approaches the speed of light. As it stands, there are too many unstated conditions in your question for it to be answered, like how it wouldn't normally fit and in which dimensions, and how fast it's going (what percentage of c), and the relative motion of the garage. If it's trapped, then is the garage moving with it? If so, the realtionship between the length of the garage and the length of the object remains proportionally the same, so it still won't fit. If the garage is at rest and the object moving, it's not trapped unless the garage doors are closed, so a fairly noisy impact is imminent. The foreshortening is real, not illusory; the length of the object decreases at relativistic velocity in inverse proportion to the dilation of time at that velocity.

Why the mass of a body gets converted into energy?

Actually it doesn't. In nuclear reactions, both mass and energy are conserved. Taking the Sun as an example:

Mass: The light that leaves the Sun has a mass.

Energy: The energy emitted by the Sun existed before the nuclear reaction, in the form of potential energy (nuclear energy in this case).

Did Einstein get paid for discovering the General Theory of Relativity?

Not directly.

He was, at the time he wrote his work on General Relativity, a professor who was highly respected by his colleagues but unknown to the general public; and thus earning a professor's salary. Due to his work he became, literally overnight, the famous scientist in the world. As such, he was much in demand by the public for various speaking and publicity engagements. In THAT sense, he received monetary reward for his work.

He later won innumerable honors for his work, some of which paid some money.

However, his big prize -- the Nobel -- was for the photo-electric effect.

What instrument measures the speed of an airplane?

In aviation, the dial you look at to read your speed through the air is known as an IAS dial (indicated air speed). This dial is an indiaction only, as it works by measuring the amount of air entering the measuring tube (Pito tube); ergo a large head wind (blowing into the front of the aircraft) will give a higher indicated air speed than may actually be true.
ias dial

Is there a maximum limit to gravity?

According to current theories of physics, there is no maximum limit to gravity. Gravity can become arbitrarily strong if a sufficient amount of mass or energy is concentrated in a small enough space. However, at extreme conditions such as those inside a black hole or during the early stages of the universe, our current understanding of physics may break down.

What is non uniform motion?

Non-uniform motion refers to the type of motion where the speed or direction of an object is changing over time. In non-uniform motion, the object is not moving at a constant speed or in a straight line. Instead, its velocity is varying, and it may be accelerating or decelerating.

Does earth change the speed of its spining?

No, the speed of Earth's rotation remains relatively constant. However, there are factors such as tidal friction and atmospheric wind patterns that can cause very small fluctuations in the length of a day over long periods of time. These fluctuations are not noticeable to us in our daily lives.

How is nuclear binding energy related to the mass defect?

Nuclear binding energy is the energy required to hold the nucleus together. The mass defect is the difference between the mass of a nucleus and the sum of the masses of its individual protons and neutrons. The mass defect is converted into nuclear binding energy according to Einstein's famous equation, E=mc^2, where E is the energy, m is the mass defect, and c is the speed of light.

What is the fastest speed you travel at and still make a successful GSM call?

The minimum speed required to make a successful GSM call can vary depending on factors such as network coverage and signal quality. However, in general, you can make a successful GSM call while traveling at speeds up to around 120-130 km/h (75-80 mph) on highways, as long as there is strong network coverage.

What are the parts of home reading report?

Title:

Author:

Publisher and date of Publication:

No. of Pages:

Summary:

Setting:

Characters:

Plot:

Theme/moral lesson:

Conclusion:

What are the 3 branches of pure science?

The 3 branches of science is life science, physical science and earth science.

The life science, known as biology, deals with all living things. It studies the behavior, history, and developement of living organisms. The french naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck introduced the term 'biology' in the 1800s. Some of the subdivisions of life science are the Botany, Zoology, Genetics etc.

Physical science deals with the science of matter and energy. Some of its subdivisions are Physics, Chemistry and Astronomy.

Earth science is sometimes considered as a part of physical science, but now it stands apart as the earth faces more and more critical problems. Earth science is firther subdivided into specific fields of studies, some of which are Geology, Paleonthology, Oceanography, Meteorology and Petrology.

How does velocity effect soccer?

Speed may not always affect soccer in my opinion. It is really just about stamina and not even that much because you can always be subbed-out if you get tired and have subs. Sure, speed helps trick other players and get the ball up the field faster but if you don't like to run then goalie would probably be the best position for you (but you still have to run in goal if you're on a serious team).

When two objects of different masses released from a height under normal conditions which object falls first?

Answer #1:

Under normal circumstances the less aerodynamic object will fall first. Mass has no direct effect except in the way that it affects the coefficient of drag.

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Answer #2:

If not released at the same time, then the object released first falls first. If both released at the same time, then see Answer #1 above for a detailed description of their behavior.

Did the Nazis believe in Einstein's General theory of relativity?

Einsteins they didn't, this was because Einstein was Jewish so according to the Nazis, they believe all of his theories were incorrect. the Nazis "proved" this by testing most of Einsteins theory but the most famous Nazi criticism of Einstein's theories were his theory of general relativity. They said it was false, so Heinrich Himmler asked engineers and scientists from the SS to disprove Einsteins theory.

One day a Nazi Engineer and Inventor names Hans Horbiger. He came up with a theory which is now known as the World Ice Theory. According to the theory, the solar system had its origin in a gigantic star into which a smaller, dead, waterlogged star fell. This impact caused a huge explosion which flung fragments of the smaller star out into interstellar space where the water condensed and froze into giant blocks of ice. A ring of such blocks formed, which we now call the Milky Way, as well as a number of solar systems among which was our own, but with many more planets than currently exist. Interplanetary space is filled with traces of hydrogen gas, which cause the planets to slowly spiral inwards, along with ice blocks. The outer planets are large mainly because they have swallowed a large number of ice blocks, but the inner planets have not swallowed nearly as many. One can see ice blocks on the move in the form of meteors, and when one collides with the Earth, it produces hailstorms over an area of many square kilometers, while when one falls into the Sun, it produces a sunspot and gets vaporized, making "fine ice," which covers the innermost planets.

It was also claimed that the Earth had had several satellites before it acquired the Moon; they began as planets in orbits of their own, but over long spans of time were captured one by one and slowly spiraled in towards the Earth until it disintegrated and its debris became part of the Earth's structure. One can supposedly identify the rock strata of several geological eras with the impacts of these satellites.

How did Einstein get the idea for the theory of relativity?

In his autobiography, Einstein stated that the idea for time dilation due to velocity came when he was riding a trolley away from a clock tower in Bern. He asked himself what time he would see in the clock if that trolley were moving away from the clock at the speed of light. It occurred to him that he would see the clock standing still, because the light that left from the clock one second later would never catch up to the trolley to inform him that any time had elapsed. However, he noted, someone standing at the tower would see time proceed normally. From this idea he first began to think that time itself could actually change depending on one's movement. From this idea Einstein eventually came up with special relativity.

Einstein also recalled that, a few years earlier, he had wondered what he would see if he was moving at the speed of light, next to a beam of light. Since light was a longitudinal wave, for which electrical fields become stronger then weaker then reverse direction, he figured he would see a stationary E-field doing just that. The problem he noted then was that the mathematics for light work ONLY if the wave were moving -- they made no sense if the E-field was simply standing still. He constantly pondered this paradox until he rode a trolley in Bern.

Can you explain in simple terms the general and special theories of relativity?

Unfortunately, no -- because these aspects of our Universe are NOT simple.

An apocryphal story has Einstein being asked to explain relativity in one simple sentence. His reply was that he couldn't explain relativity in less than three days, and that, unless one had an understanding of advanced mathematics, none of it would make any sense!