General and Special Relativity

E=mc^2 Is his most famous equation.

It takes a few seconds for your pupils to adjust. In the dark your pupils open very wide to catch all the available light and they contract in high light levels (like sunlight) This adjustment takes up to a few seconds.

Equations are just statements. They don't prove anything.

The theory of relativity predicted things that couldn't be measured at the time

Einstein published his work. Since then, of course, measurement techniques have

gotten a lot better, and the predictions of relativity have been checked out, both

in laboratories on Earth and astronomical measurements. So far, in thousands of

experiments and observations over roughly the past hundred years, whenever a

group of scientists set up something to check relativity, it checks out.

Here is the one I always like to mention:

-- The Theory of Relativity predicted that when a clock moves, it slows down,

and the faster it moves, the slower it runs.

-- A correction for that had to be built into the GPS satellites, otherwise GPS

wouldn't work. Oh, it would work, but the location where it says you are would

be seriously wrong, and it wouldn't be of much use to anybody.

No. He refused to be Prime Minister because a). he was a physicist, somewhat

of a loner, and had no interest in holding public office; b). he felt that he wouldn't

be too good at it; c). whether or not he turned out to be good at it, it would certainly

interfere with his day-job as a Nobel-Prize-winning physicist; d). he was smart

enough to know that becoming Prime Minister is not something that someone just

hands you if you want it, like a king's crown; you have to campaign for votes and

be elected to it, and he had no interest in putting himself through that process;

e). the "Palestinians" didn't enter into it at all. For one thing, until only a couple of

years before that time, Israelis themselves had also been referred to as "Palestinians",

and the label hadn't yet been appropriated as a human-rights mantra. Also, those

Arabs who had chosen to stay when the new nation was declared independent

had it as good as anyone else in Israel, and were in no "plight". Finally, those who

had chosen to get out temporarily until the surrounding nations and their armies

could finish destroying the new nation, and were temporarily sitting in "refugee camps"

in Egypt and Jordan, were there temporarily of their own choice, and weren't expected

to be there very long ... it was inconceivable that their "hosts" would leave them there

without assistance for six months, let alone sixty years.

Because nothing physical is actually moving faster than light. All that is moving faster than light is the intersection/impact point of the beam with the phosphor on the CRT face.

The same effect can be observed in a thought experiment using a giant scissors hundreds of lightyears in length. Closing the blades, even though no physical part of the scissors ever moves faster than light, at some distance away from the fulcrum the point at which the two blades intersect will be moving away from the fulcrum at the speed of light with points beyond it intersecting even faster. Of course one could not do this experiment in practice as any physical scissors of these dimensions would be under enormous stress to bend and it would shatter. The electron beam bends with no stress as it is not solid but is a moving stream, like water from a hose..

"Distance" describes how far something has moved.

"Displacement" describes not only how far, but also in what direction.

The IQ test was not developed until after Einstein's death, so we don't know his IQ!

It isn't a theory, and it isn't truly a paradox, except to those who don't understand the relationship. Here's the problem: A spaceship leaves earth for a trip at high relativistic velocity. Aboard is one twin, the other having remained on earth. The ship is moving away from earth at high speed, and returns to earth at high speed, therefore it's time is dilated, so the twin on the ship ages more slowly and should return to earth having aged less than his earthbound counterpart. However, from the perspective of the ship, it is the earth that is moving away at high velocity, and the earthbound twin should be the one aging more slowly. The paradox dissolves when the nature of each frame of reference is taken into account. The earth is an inertial frame of reference. The spaceship, since it must undergo several positive and negative accelerations to make the round trip, is a non-inertial frame. Only the viewpoint from the intertial frame is valid. The explanation is far too long and involved to go into here, but you will find one of the best and most detailed explanations in Paul Davies' book "About Time" on pages 62 to 65.

Good question. It's important to distinguish between heat, thermal energy, and temperature. Temperature refers to the average kinetic energy of individual molecules (and in this sense is expressed in degrees Kelvin). Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all the molecules in an object. Heatrefers to the transfer or flow of energy from one object to another because of differences in temperature.

Einstein's theory of relativity is that the faster an object moves, the slower time passes for that object, compared to an outside, stationary observer, so the object essentialy travels forward in time. Extreme speeds (nearing the speed of light) however, are necesary for any noticeable effects, and for any observer inside the area of slowed time, time would seem to pass at a regular rate. Relativity also plays a part of the effect of redshift, another theory similar to relativity which you may want to do some research on.

You need two dissimilar metals such as copper and zinc, and have them submerged in an acid solution. Sulfuric acid is what is commonly used in car batteries, but something such as a citrus fruit would be able to provide a small charge because of the acidity of the juice inside.

Yes.

Ypu would need to pull twice as hard on the string to keep going the same speed. Ypu would need to pull twice as hard on the string to keep going the same speed.

The theory of General relativity. Albert Einstein was trying to develop a theory that would better explain why the universe behaves the way it does. At the time most scientists were still using Newton's theories which did not accurately predict the movement of planets around the sun. To explain his theory and allow it to make predictions about the universe that could be tested and proved, Einstein produced a set of equations.

The famous E=mc^2 was produced to explain the energy to mass ratio. This equation has been widely used and shows that the energy of an object is dependent upon it's mass.

So really to answer your question in the most literal way possible, Einstein "invented" E=mc^2 to give credibility to his theories and provide evidence.

yes, anything with a lower atomic number would be lighter, for example, helium is lighter than air, which is why balloons float when filled with helium... the lighter substance rises above the heavier....

You don't. Space is moving.

The most important first step in the process is to carefully set the camera down on

a flat surface, pick up the instruction/operation booklet that came with it, and read

the booklet. There's all kinds of cool stuff in there, and it even tells you how to use

the camera. If you don't have a booklet, you can download it from the internet.

Since P = F/A, PA = F

So, if area is doubled, pressure is halved.

The primary assumption of General Relativity is that matter "warps" space. "Warps" means: causes a depression that holds mass in place or motion, while its depression moves towards all other such depressions in space.

The second assumption is the Riemann geometry and tensor calculus can be used to explain the motions of all matter and light within a 4 dimensional Minkowski spacetime manifold.

The amount of the prize money depends on the income of the Nobel Foundation.

In 2009, the amount was equal to about $1.4 million (US).

Notes:

1). In the event of multiple winners in the same category in the same year,

the winners divide the prize.

2). A female winner collects the same prize that a man does/would.

While we do not presently (with our large relative mass) have the energy to reach any speed near the speed of light, we can observe particles that are close to that speed. Time dilation has been verified using such techniques. Also, even at slow speeds, time dilation is observable, but the precision of the measurement is very tight. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation

That depends upon the context of your question.

Mathematically speaking you can have as many dimensions as you want, and work with them; so a 14-dimensional vector space is possible in mathematics and can be worked with.

But mathematics is also used to model the world:

Zero dimensions is a point

One dimension is a line

Two dimensions are a plane

Three dimensions forming length, width and depth form the space we live in.

Einstein extended the three dimensional space in Relativity by considering time as a fourth dimension creating a space-time model to explain things like gravity.

More recently there have been attempts to unify the different theories about how gravity, quantum effects, nuclear forces, etc work. As a result the three dimensions has been expanded by String Theory to many more dimensions. For example Super string theory has 10 dimensions and Bosonic string theory has 26. Supergravity theory has an upper limit of (and preference for) 11 dimensions, whilst general gravity theory allows any number of dimensions (including 14).

No, assuming the mouse and elephant hit you at the same speed. The elephant has a much greater mass, so a greater force is required to accelerate it. Think of the difference between a baseball hitting you at 50 mph and a car hitting you at 50 mph.

The lack of a large gravity well nearby does not waive Newton's laws of motion.

velocity is equal to frequency times wavelength. You have velocity and frequency given so wl = v/f. The wavelength is 3/5m, or 6cm.