Headaches

There are three stages of a migraine headache, which is a neurological disorder. There are four if you suffer from migraine with aura. The first is the prodrome, which 60% of people are able to detect. Before any pain even starts, sometimes even a day ahead of time, physical changes will begin to happen in the body. * ** Food cravings ** Mood changes - from euphoria to deep depression and anywhere in between, ** Fluid changes in the body - which can cause thirst, increased urination, diarrhea and constipation, ** Sensitivity to temperature, ** The beginnings of sensitivity to light and sound. ** Yawning ** Fatigue or hyperactivity If you suffer from migraine with aura, you're up! The aura stage is the most well-known, and probably the most frightening aspect of the migraine. For some people, symptoms mimic that of a stroke. The majority of auras do not last more than one hour. There are cases where people have prolonged aura, particularly in hemiplegic migraine. * ** Flashing lights, geometric patterns, tunnel vision, blurry vision, or complete greying or blacking out of vision. ** Numbness in the extremities, or on the side of the face the migraine is on. ** Weakness in limbs, impaired motor coordination ** Paralysis on one side of the body. (Hemiplegic migraines) ** Confusion ** Impaired speech (trouble finding the correct word) ** Inability to make a decision ** Dizziness, vertigo, trouble with balance The next stage is the headache stage, which usually lasts anywhere from 4-72 hours. Migraines are usually on one side of the head, but can be on both. They have a distinct throbbing/stabbing sensation. The headache stage has all sorts of symptoms: * ** Nausea/Vomiting - particularly when a migraine causes gastroparesis. (the slowing down or stopping of digestion) ** Sensitivity to light, sound, and odors. ** Congestion of the sinuses, particularly on the side the headache is on. (During cluster headaches, a common symptom is excessive tearing and a runny nose on the side the headache is on. This can happen rarely with migraines) ** Tenderness of the scalp, or a burning sensation. (Allodynia) ** Nervousness, irritability, depression (changes in serotonin during a migraine may cause these) The final stage is postdrome. After the migraine is finished, many people experience what is known as a migraine hangover. This can last for up to 48 hours. * ** depression ** fatigue ** impaired concentration ** impaired comprehension Some people do experience a sense of well-being and euphoria, rather than depression and fatigue.
Visual or other sensory disturbances, including hallucinations, partial obstruction of the visual field, numbness or tingling, or a feeling of heaviness.
Migraines are intense throbbing headaches occurring on one or both sides of the head, usually on one side. The pain is accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, and aversion to light, sound, and movement
Symptoms of migraines can vary wildly from person to person. There are many different types of migraine, which is a recurrent neurological disorder. Each type has their own set of possible symptoms.

General Diagnosis:

When a doctor is looking to diagnose migraine there are certain specific points he is looking for. Below is the criteria used by the International Headache Society. These points do not cover every migraine sufferer's experience, but are meant to provide a framework of most common symptoms for physicians:

A: 5 or more episodes for migraine without aura, 2 or more episodes of migraine with aura.

B: Attacks lasting 4-72 hours.

C: Headache quality has two of the following:

1) pain is on one side of the head

2) pulsating quality

3) moderate or severe pain quality

4) pain is aggravated by physical activity

D: During headache at least one of the following:

1) nausea and/or vomiting

2) sensitivity to light and sound

E: Not caused by another disorder.

Prodrome:

The first phase of a migraine is caused the prodrome phase. While all people go through this phase, approximately only half of the people will be able to identify it. It can best be described as feeling generally bad for hours or days before you get a migraine, although some people may only experience negligible symptoms, or symptoms which do not make a person feel ill (such as extra yawning, or hyperactivity). The array of possible symptoms and the fact that they can easily be caused by something other than a migraine are why the prodrome phase is unable to be identified by so many sufferers.

Aura:

There are two main categories of migraine - classic migraine (migraine with aura) and common (migraine without aura). After the prodrome phase, the aura phase of a migraine begins. The most well-known migraine auras are visual disturbances, but auditory hallucinations, dizziness, problems speaking, and other things are also known to occur. The aura phase can last for 15 minutes to a couple of hours and can overlap into the next phase. In the rarer subtypes of migraine, people can have what is known as a persistent aura, which can last for days or weeks.

Headache:

Next, the actual headache phase occurs. Migraine headaches are generally described as one-sided and throbbing or pulsing, but that isn't characteristic of everyone. Some people have the pain on both sides of the head, certain types of migraines involve headache pain which is at the base of the skull. There is also a type of migraine that does not involve head pain - but sufferers experience the prodrome, aura, postdrome symptoms - as well as other symptoms of the Pain phase beside the actual pain.

Most times, the pain of a migraine headache is not responsive to over-the-counter medication such as acetaminophen, although some people are lucky are will respond. The earlier you are able to take such medication (whether OTC or prescription) the more likely a chance you have to disrupt the headache cycle, which is why it is so important to identify the prodrome and aura phases.

Most people also experience nausea, though not everyone vomits. Other symptoms are vertigo or lightheadedness, sensitivity to light, sounds, smells, and/or touch, a tender scalp, stuttering, fatigue, sweating, and an inability to concentrate.

The headache phase of a migraine usually lasts 4-72 hours.

Postdrome:

Finally, the postdrome phase is the recovery phase. It may last a few hours or a few days. It can include fatigue, mood alteration, a lingering headache, et cetera.

Please note that if you have a migraine that lasts more than 72 hours you need to contact a medical professional. Migraines that last this long have been associated with extremely rare but serious complications, and you need to make sure that everything is okay.
A migraine headache is a form of vascular headache. Migraine headache is caused by vasodilatation (enlargement of blood vessels) that causes the release of chemicals from nerve fibers that coil around the large arteries of the brain.

Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, photophobia (increased sensitivity to light), phonophobia (increased sensitivity to sound), and is aggravated by routine activity. The severity of the pain, duration of the headache, and frequency of attacks is variable.

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There are four possible phases to a migraine attack. They are listed below - not all the phases are necessarily experienced. Additionally, the phases experienced and the symptoms experienced during them can vary from one migraine attack to another in the same person;

1. The prodrome, which occurs hours or days before the headache

2. The aura, which immediately precedes the headache. Approximately one-third of people who suffer from migraine headaches perceive an aura-unusual visual, olfactory, or other sensory experiences that are a sign that the migraine will soon occur.

3. The pain phase, also known as headache phase.

4. The postdrome

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