Heart

Observing a heart in action would fall under physiology, as it involves studying the functions and processes of the heart, such as its beating and blood-pumping mechanisms. Anatomy, on the other hand, focuses on the structure and physical characteristics of the heart.

The average human body has about 5 liters (1.3 gallons) of blood. The heart pumps about 5 liters of blood every minute, so that would be around 300 liters (79 gallons) of blood per hour.

Brain Stem

The circulatory and the respiratory system work together

Regurgitated blood from an incompetent valve refers to blood leaking backwards through a heart valve due to it not closing properly. This can lead to symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, and fatigue as the heart has to work harder to compensate for the leakage. Treatment may involve medications to manage symptoms or surgical repair/replacement of the valve.

The diagnosis of congestive heart failure is typically made based on a combination of symptoms (such as shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling), physical exam findings (such as abnormal heart sounds or fluid retention), imaging tests (such as echocardiogram), and blood tests (such as BNP levels). A thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

Connective tissue fibers in the heart provide structural support and help maintain the shape of the heart. They also help anchor the heart valves in place and provide a framework for the heart's electrical conduction system to function properly.

Sinus venosus is formed by the union of 2 post caval veins and 1 precaval vein. The sinus venosus receives deoxygenated blood and passes it into auricle in case of fishes and into right auricle in case of amphibians and reptiles.

An amphibian heart pumps oxygen-rich blood from the lungs (in the case of frogs and some salamanders) or through its skin (in the case of certain salamanders and caecilians) to the rest of the body. This oxygen-rich blood is then distributed to tissues and organs to support their metabolic needs.

Yes, red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it to tissues throughout the body. Carbon dioxide is then picked up by red blood cells and transported back to the lungs to be exhaled. This vital process helps maintain the body's balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

The Left Ventricle has to send blood all through the body. This requires more force, therefore more muscle.

The valves of the heart open and close due to changes in pressure within the chambers of the heart. When the pressure in a chamber is higher than in the chamber next to it, the valve opens to allow blood to flow through. When the pressure equalizes or reverses, the valve closes to prevent backflow.

deoxygenated

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Blood passes through the right atrium to the right atrioventricular valve, or "AV valve" for short, into the right ventricle during pulmonary contraction.

valves

First, the deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, then goes through the right ventricle. From there, it goes to the lungs, to become oxygenated. The oxygenated blood then goes through the left atrium and ventricle, before being pumped through the aorta to the rest of the body.

The cells of heart muscle are striated (like stripes on a tie) as is skeletal muscle. Cardiac muscle is a type of involuntary striated muscle found only in the walls of the heart. They can contract but also carry an action potential (i.e. conduct electricity), like the neurons that constitute nerves. Some of the cells have the ability to generate an action potential, known as cardiac muscle automaticity. That is they beat on their own and in union with each other.

Field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) has clasping auricles at the base of its leaves. These auricles wrap around the stem, helping the plant to climb and twine around other vegetation.

Carbon dioxide is at high levels and oxygen at low levels in blood that is being pumped from the heart to the lungs.

It can take as little as 100 milliamps to potentially stop a human heart. However, factors like individual health, duration of exposure, and the path the current takes through the body also play a role.

The main function of the heart is to pump oxygen-rich blood throughout the body, supplying cells with nutrients and removing waste products. This process ensures that organs and tissues receive the necessary oxygen and nutrients to function properly.

It takes about 1 minute for the heart to circulate blood through the entire body.

The heart needs a combination of cardiac muscle tissue for contraction, nervous tissue to help regulate the heartbeat, and connective tissue to provide structural support. Having only cardiac tissue would limit the heart's ability to function properly and regulate its rhythm efficiently. The different types of tissues work together to ensure effective pumping of blood throughout the body.

The DNA in all of your cells is the same because it contains the same genetic information. While brain cells and heart cells have different functions and characteristics, they both derive from the same original DNA template during development. The unique expression of genes in each type of cell leads to their specialized functions and structures.