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Laboratory Testing

Before a doctor can diagnose a patient, laboratory tests such as blood work are required.

8,512 Questions

What is serum?

A serum blood sample is a sample of blood taken from the blood vessel and then spun in a high speed centrifuge to separate the cells from the liquid. The liquid part is the serum, and it contains all the salts (sodium, chloride, potassium, etc.) as well as many of the enzymes, proteins and sugars.

Can you buy over the counter HIV test kits?

Yes, Oraquick makes an at home test for HIV you can buy at the drugstore. And, there are others. However, Oraquick is not as reliable as laboratory blood testing which is close to 100% accurate. Oraquick will show you aren't HIV positive when, in fact, you are about one time in 12.

If i stopped smoking yesterday can i pass a drug test in 25 days?

Depends on what type of test you are taking and how long you were smoking before that. If it is a hair test, then chances are that you will not pass it. Hair tests go back up to six months. A urine test is a toss up right now, depends again because a urine test can reach as far back as three months in some cases. If you were a habitual smoker then chances are that you may still have it in your system, it compounds the issue if you are overweight too. Still, 25 days is a lot to work with if you do some dieting and sweat off some of the remaining fat deposits in your body. Drink plenty of water and do plenty of exercise that makes ou sweat. If you make use of those 25 days, you should be able to pass that urine test. Now if its a mouth swab, then you have nothing to worry about as those test only reach back three days (at the very most). I would suggest making the most use of your time now.

What if your TSH level is high?

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is the signal that the brain sends to the thyroid to tell the thryoid how much hormone to make. Markedly high levels are almost always due to an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism). Mildly elevated levels are often normal.

Will dirty urine diluted with clean urine test for drugs if more was clean then dirty?

I actually took this approach last year in Feb 2012. I am an occasional smoker like once every weekend and ad been clean for a few months before I became occasional. used someone else's urine and my own and PASSED the test. I had smoked two days before the test and KNEW I wasnt going to pass but I did!

What blood tube color is used for STDs?

An HIV test is drawn into either an SST-tube or a red-top tube.

Is suboxone detected in drug tests?

on regular 5 panel drug test it doesn't show up. those are the drug tests that most places (probation, drug treatment places) use the other tests are very expensive and they don't use them. I'm not sure if it even shows up on one of the other tests. I've been on suboxene for awhile now and taken alot of drug tests and it doesn't show up.

What happens when you smoke weed everyday?

Short term memory loss. You eat a lot and are extremely happy and have a lot of fun. I've smoked every day for four years it does not affect anything. Just don't put weed before school and work and friends. Be smart and stay out of trouble.

How is Demerol tested in the body?

demerol is a opiate. so it can be tested the same as most common prescription medications. urinalysis, blood, and hair folical are some of the ways it can be tested.

How many days does alcohol stay in your blood?

Alcohol is eliminated from the body at the rate of approximately 1/3 ounce (of pure alcohol) per hour...about two normal drinks every three hours. A normal drink is a 12-ounce beer or glass of wine or a regular shot.

Some drug testing procedures will detect alcohol use up to 8 days, however, so if you're on probation and subject to random testing -- good luck.

Is A positive blood type good to have?

When someone has a blood type that is positive, it means that they are positive for the RH factor. This doesn't mean a whole lot in terms of health, but it can play a factor if you are a female and are planning to have children.

How does FSH stop you from producing eggs?

it tells the ovaries to make oestrogen which then helps mature and egg. the oestrogen then tell the pituitary gland to stop making FSH and make LH. LH then makes the ovaries release eggs

=] hope this helped! [=

What is GGT testing?

Gamma Glutamyltransferase. It is a liver function test used in the diagnosis and monitoring of hepatobiliary diseases.

Can elevated serum ketone levels elevate the blood alcohol concentration levels?

False positive on breathalyzerThe short answer is yes. Ketoacidosis (elevated ketone levels) have been identified with false positive tests with blood alcohol measurements:

One reference to J Forensic Sci. 1995 Jul;40(4):686-7.

states:

We report the identification of acetone (0.45mg/mL) and isopropanol (0.17 mg/mL) but without the presence of ethanolin a blood sample from a man suspected of driving under the influenceof alcohol. A preliminary breath screening test with an electrochemicalinstrument (Alcolmeter S-L2) was positive and an evidential breath-testwith a dual wavelength infrared analyzer (Intoxilyzer 5000), recognizedthe presence of an interferant in the subject's breath. The manadmitted drinking moderate amounts of alcohol (vodka) the previousevening and was being treated by his doctor for hyperglycemia byspecial dietary control. This case scenario provides a good example ofsevere metabolic ketoacidosis in an ostensibly healthy man driving on the highway. Biotransformation of the abnormally high concentration ofblood-acetone to isopropanol occurs through the alcohol dehydrogenasepathway.

PMID: 7595310 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Another reference (more recent) is even more interesting as it relates to to a person on a low carb high fat diet (like Atkins).

Int J Obes (Lond). 2007 Mar;31(3):559-61. Epub 2006 Aug 8

A 59-year-old man undergoing weight loss with verylow calorie diets (VLCD) attempted to drive a car, which was fittedwith an alcohol ignition interlock device, but the vehicle failed tostart. Because the man was a teetotaller, he was surprised and upset bythis result. VLCD treatment leads to ketonemia with high concentrationsof acetone, acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate in the blood. Theinterlock device determines alcohol (ethanol) in breath byelectrochemical oxidation, but acetone does not undergo oxidation withthis detector. However, under certain circumstances acetone is reducedin the body to isopropanol by hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). Theignition interlock device responds to other alcohols (e.g. methanol,n-propanol and isopropanol), which therefore explains thefalse-positive result. This 'side effect' of ketogenic diets needsfurther discussion by authorities when people engaged insafety-sensitive work (e.g. bus drivers and airline pilots) submit torandom breath-alcohol tests.

PMID: 16894360 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Not likely. Ethanol in blood tests is usually determined enzymatically, with alcohol dehydrogenase. Interference from other alcohol type or ketones is usually considered to be less than 1%.

How do you pass a drug test using sure jell?

buy about 2 packets of sure jell and put it in a bottle of water (one or two bottles) it taste nasty no matter what, dirnk it and in about 2 hours you will be clean. 2 hours after you drink it you will be clean for 5 hours.

Can an ETG urine test detect how much alcohol has been consumed?

No. I've done my own "research" on this. I have UA on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. I typically drink every Friday and its never been an issue. I have read papers on this topic where other than a "high dose" group (did not say how much alcohol equaled a high dose), all people passed Etg test in urine at 24 hours. The high dose passed at 48 hours.

I decided to have some drinks after work on a Monday once and got carried away, ended up consuming 5 martinis, finished drinking around 10:30pm and still passed the Etg test on wed at 5am.

I think you have to drink the night before the test or consume ALOT of alcohol to test positive past 24 hours.

What does a high level of esinophils 576 in the blood mean?

This from: Center for Eosinophilic Disorder at Cincinnati's Children's Hospital @ http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/svc/alpha/e/eosinophilic/about/conditions.htm There are many disorders where the eosinophils have been found elevated either in the blood or in different tissues. The experts in the Cincinnati Center for Eosinophilic Disorder at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center provide a list of general categories of diseases with some examples included. Allergic Disorders: Allergic disorders are classically characterized by presence of eosinophils. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (hay fever) has increased levels of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa. Asthma, after an exacerbation, shows increased eosinophils in the lung. Drug Reactions: Any drug/medicine can precipitate a reaction. Some of these reactions are allergic in nature and eosinophils might be elevated in blood or in tissues where the drug is concentrated. Infectious Diseases: Parasitic infections (Helminthiasis-worms), fungal infections and some other types of infections are associated with increased eosinophils. Blood Disorders: A few examples of hematologic disorders with increased esoinophils include the hypereosinophilic syndrome, leukemias, lymphomas, tumors, mastocytosis and atheroembolic disease. Immunologic Disorders and Reactions: Hyper-IgE syndrome, Ommen's syndrome, thymomas, transplant rejections are only a few types of conditions with increased eosinophils. Endocrine Disorders: Hypoadrenalism has been associated with blood eosinophilia. • • • • • • • • • Specific Organ Involvement: Below are certain conditions organized by the organs/tissues that are affected where eosinophils have been found to be increased or pathologically present. Skin and subcutaneous disorders Atopic dermatitis (eczema), bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, dermatitis herpetiformis, drug-induced lesions, urticaria, eosinophilic panniculitis, angioedema with eosinophilia, Kimura's disease, Shulman's syndrome, Well's syndrome, eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa, eosinophilic pustular folliculitis and recurrent cutaneous necrotizing eosinophilic vaculitis. Pulmonary conditions Drug/Toxin-induced eosinophilic lung disease, Loeffler's syndrome, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, eosinophilic pneumonia, Churg-Strauss syndrome, eosinophilic granuloma, pleural eosinophilia. Gastrointestinal diseases Gastroesophageal reflux, parasitic infections, fungal infections, Helicobacter pylori infections, inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease), food allergic disorders, protein-induced enteropathy and protein-induced enterocolitis, allergic colitis, celiac disease, primary eosinophilic esophagitis, gastroenteritis and colitis. Rare tumors (leiomyomatosis), connective tissue disorders and vasculitic disorders. Neurologic disorders Organizing chronic subdural hematoma membranes, central nervous system infections, ventriculoperitoneal shunts, drug-induced adverse reactions. Rheumatologic illnesses Eosinophilic synovitis, eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, vaculitic disorders such as the Churg-Strauss Syndrome. Cardiac conditions Heart damage has been reported secondary to systemic disorders such as the hypereosinophilic syndrome or the Churg-Strauss syndrome. Certain congenital heart conditions (septal defects, aortic stenosis) are associated with blood esoinophilia. Renal diseases Eosinophiluria (eosinophils in the urine) associated with infections or interstitial nephritis and eosinophilic cystitis.

What is the normal range for TSH?

Ranges for TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) vary depending on the method used, but generally 0.3 to 5.0 is normal . A TSH value of 0.06 would be considered low TSH no matter what method is used. Low TSH indicates high thyroid (or hyperthyroidism) and high TSH represents low thyroid (or hypothyroidism).

So, if you have low TSH you are at risk for osteoporosis, having your eyes bulge, scanty periods, nightmares, high metabolism, weight and energy loss and/or diarrhea. It doesn't seem to make sense that someone would have low energy if they are hyperthyroid, but it does happen as the muscles fatigue; i.e. Graves Disease. Usually, low energy is associated with hypothyroidism, but it is a symptom in longstanding high thyroid as well. Whatever, you need a complete work up!

Some doctors will only test for TSH...others, particularly endocrinologists, will run a thyroid panel. If you have the autoimmune form...Hashimotos thyroiditis as I do, frequently the tests on the thyroid panel will be normal until there is significant enough damage to the thyroid gland to cause hypothyroidism. If you have siblings/parents who have grayed early or died in their 40s and 50s from heart disease, you may want your doctor to run a test for thyroid antibodies or another test.

Cholesterol levels and thyroid hormones are inversely proportional...high thyroid = low cholesterol and low thyroid = high cholesterol. Many people taking statins may actually have a problem with their thyroids. In my humble opinion, Endocrinologists are your best bet. (apologies to Internists, FPs, etc) (spoken like a person who has had just a wee bit of trouble with diagnoses)

What color blood draw tube for CBC?

Lavender color tube containing the anticoagulant EDTA is ideal for CBC test.

What does it mean when your monocytes are low?

Monocytes are a type of white cells that are part of the immune system. They defend the body against certain infection and contribute to the overall immune system defense. They are elevated when there is a chronic inflammation, parasitic infection, and viral infection. Cases of viral infection include, but are not limited to infectious mono-nucleosis, measles and pharyngitis.

What if your child's white cell count is at 27000?

Sometimes an infection can cause such a high white cell count. In that case the count comes after properly treating the infection. If it persists other investigations may be required to find out the cause.

Is a platelet count of 42 serious?

A normal platelet count in a healthy individual is between 150,000 and 450,000 per microliter of blood. Ninety-five percent of healthy people will have platelet counts in this range. Some will have statistically abnormal platelet counts while having no demonstrable abnormality. However, if it is either very low or very high, the likelihood of an abnormality being present is higher.

What does it mean if your absolute monocyte count is high?

In the absence of information from your history and physical, no meaning can be derived from these results. Talk with your health care provider, who has the actual numbers as well as information from your visit.