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Linux
A free and open-source family of operating systems first started in 1991 and named after its creator, Linus Torvalds.
2,239 Questions
Is Linux more secure than Unix?
Even in the early days when Linux first came out, it was often commented upon how much faster it was than traditional Unix systems. For many tasks, Linux simply performs better. There are some situations that Linux still has not been optimized for, though, so Unix systems are used to do the "heavy" lifting.
Why might you choose a Macintosh operating system rather than a Linux operating system?
the macintosh operating systems is more user-friendly
Why does Google use Linux instead of Windows?
There are several reasons why Google uses Linux for many of its needs instead of Windows:
1. Linux is cheaper (even available for free). Server versions of Windows can cost, depending on the specific edition, several thousand dollars per copy. With hundreds of servers, this is not a small investment.
2. Windows does not support the multitude of architectures that Linux does. Using Linux, Google can easily migrate to or utilize ultra-powerful systems from IBM or Sun.
3. Linux can be easily implemented in non-traditional systems, such as those with thousands of processors or with several terabytes of RAM. Windows HPC 2008 is very expensive to license for such an application and has not been as well tested in this area.
How do you work without a mouse in Linux?
use shortcuts. you can work on the computers without mouse and cursor using those shortcuts.
What is the default home directory for a user in Linux?
Each user (on a multi-user computer) has a home directory, and it is the first directory shown after a user logs in. For instance: rodney@downstairs:~$ shows that my user name is rodney, my host or computer name is 'downstairs', the tilde '~' shows that I am in my home directory, and the dollar sign '$' shows that all is ready for me to type in a command.
Typing the command 'pwd' (without the single quotes) in a terminal will show which directory you are in - pwd means 'print working directory'. The command 'ls' will list all directories.
How do you clear your command history in Linux?
You can view the history of commands entered on a Linux system with the history command.
What operating system did Linus Torvalds create?
An operating system is usually defined as a collection of software used to create a complete and usable system. By that definition, he did not create any operating system. Torvalds created the most important piece of an operating system, a kernel. The kernel he created is called Linux.
What happens if ypu press Alt plus Esc?
Depends on the Desktop environment. In E17 it will initiate the run dialog. In Gnome it will switch between opened applications.
This is generally a matter of preference based on what user interface you prefer (KDE in Kubuntu, or GNOME in Ubuntu). They are both produced by the same company, although some believe the Ubuntu distribution receives more attention and polish.
Can you use a space in a file name?
It depends on the filesystem, but modern filesystems will allow this.
What is the difference between Microsoft Office Excel and Linux?
Microsoft Word is a word processor. Linux is a family of operating systems.
Why is it difficult to install Windows when Linux is already installed?
By using the Windows partitioner to make space by reszing partitions and installing Windows, then reinstalling the Linux bootloader. It is generally considered better form to install Windows first and then Linux.
What are the best free linux applications?
Very few applications are made specifically for Ubuntu. Most are available for other Linux distributions, and many are also available for Linux. Examples of programs included or available for Ubuntu are:
* Mozilla Firefox * Pidgin * OpenOffice.org * AbiWord * Mozilla Thunderbird * Kopete * Battle for Wesnoth * Amarok * Apache web server
Why is the Unix operating system virus free?
First of all, Unix (and even Linux) is NOT virus free. Although rare, there are viruses for such systems.
One of the primary reasons that Unix / Linux do not get as many viruses is that the ability of different users is limited. Non-technical users will be restricted in their ability to install, run, or modify software. More experienced users will usually be given more privileges. Without inexperienced users installing software at a whim, over 90 % of the threat of viruses and malware is removed.
Linux is even further protected against viruses because Linux is by nature a heterogeneous platform. To be effective, the program would have to be capable of affecting multiple versions of the kernel, and use exploits in a variety of programs.
How do you create a file using terminal in Linux?
You can use cat to create files by specifying an input for it and redirecting its output to a new file.
cat file1 > file2
That would make a copy of file1 and call it file2. To join two or more files, you can simply add more files for cat to read. cat file1 file2 file3 file4 > file5
755 means read and execute access for everyone and also write access for the owner of the file. When you perform chmod 755 filename command you allow everyone to read and execute the file, owner is allowed to write to the file as well.
What command can be used to view a list of directory including the file system type?
The DIR command in MS-DOS and the Windows command prompt can do this.
Since this is in the Linux category the way to do it would be by using the df utility. be sure and use the -h (human) option to make the output more easily understandable.
Linux has only one root directory per directory tree. true or false?
Unlike Windows, Linux has a unified file system.
In Windows, all paths start with a drive letter, like C:
( C:\Users\Joe\Documents\readme.txt )
A flash drive may mount as F:, and a CD may mount as E:.
In Linux, there are no drive letters, and all paths begin from the root directory (/)
( /home/joe/readme.txt )
Storage devices will instead mount to folders. A flash drive may mount to
/media/Lexar
So, to answer your question, Linux only has one directory tree, the uppermost level of which is known as the file system's root.
What is the difference between the dir and ls commands?
From the user's point of view, there is very little difference between dir on windows or dos and ls on Unix. Anyone who has looked at the will see that ls has a lot more command line switches than dir - most of the alphabet, in fact. (This lead a couple of juvenile colleagues to see what rude words they could make with them and still get usable output!)
At a deeper level there are some differences:
dir is built in to the operating system and ls is an external program, so that dir should always work, but ls will only work if it is installed and in the path. (Which, of course, it will be unless something has gone wrong!)
Whilst file types or extensions (such as *.doc, *.txt) are used in Unix to assist humans to differentiate files, Unix has no built in concept of these whereas dos/Windows expects them. So the dos command:
dir *.* will show all files in a directory, but in Unix
ls *.* will only show files with a dot in the name, ls * is more likely to give the result expected.
Also, Unix style "[" and "]" can be used to define a group, so that: ls prog.[oc] will match prog.c and prog.o (but not prog.oc)
From the above, it can be seen that both recognise wildcards (* and ?). However, Unix treats them differently. In dos, the wildcard is presented unchanged to the command (DIR in this case) and the command has to understand and interpret it. In Unix, the operating system processes the wild card and presents the results to the command. From the user's perspective, there is normally no difference but it can have subtle effects and is worth being aware of.
Why do Linux programs not run in Windows?
The 2 operating systems are different from each other. Linux programs aren't meant to work in Windows most of the time.
If you want to run Linux programs in Windows, install cygwin, and compile them from source code.
Nearly everyone uses Linux, but doesn't realize it. Linux is everywhere. Many devices run Linux "behind the scenes", including netbook computers, cell phones, tablet computers, routers, televisions, DVD players, MP3 players, GPS systems, and any device with Android. It is also popular on servers, especially Web servers.
Microsoft has been making deals with hardware vendors for years to ship it's Operating Systems. Approximately two years ago, a number of vendors decided to offer PCs without operating systems so that customers could install their own version of Linux. Microsoft quickly attempted to squash this movement, claiming that selling PCs without an OS will cause rampant piracy. http://news.zdnet.co.UK/software/0,1000000121,39261437,00.htm, plus Microsoft subsidies their OS with the vendors and spreads FUD (Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear,_uncertainty_and_doubt
Most of the other reasons stem from lack of options when purchasing a computer. IBM only sold their computers with MS-DOS, it was the only option. Most manufacturers now will only sell PCs and laptops with Windows installed. Couple that with the fact that most people have no idea how to install an OS, it is the same as with Windows, simply insert CD or DVD and click install, nor the fact that Linux even exists at all.
Further, Microsoft is a huge contributor, subsidies their software and stating a condition only their software is to be used at Universities, causing the Universities to centre their Computer Science courses around Microsoft products, meaning that future programmers are only programming for Microsoft's platform. The more incompatible software that exists, the more difficult it is for someone who wants to switch to Linux to actually do so.
Lot of people do not use Linux because using Linux would bring them out of their comfort zone, which is a false notion, because Linux is real easy to use and learn. Most users forced use Windows at work, school, and so take it home and have learned how to use computers through Windows. Even small changes are difficult for novice computer users.
One of the main reasons is that some programs can only be used on certain operating systems, but there are other programs that do the same thing or better in Linux, being a smaller player is catching up and is improving to the extent that today almost all programs can be used on Linux systems.
Linux has no real marketing department, so word by mouth is its marketing strategy. But once people get to use Linux they could be saving lots of money, because for the everyday user, they never have to pay for a OS license fee ever and can copy the OS to as many computers as they wish and never get sued. The same goes for the office suite, OpenOffice.org, it is free for taking.
"cp"
The syntax is
cp foo bar
where "foo" is the file you want to copy, and "bar" is the name you want the copy to be called.
cp /home/user/music/song.mp3 /home/user
would copy song.mp3 to /home/user, but give it the same name.
You can view additional command line options here:
http://www.computerhope.com/unix/ucp.htm
What are the top three reasons to use NFS in Linux?
NFS allows a system to share directories and files with others over a network. By using NFS, users and programs can access files on remote systems almost as if they were local files.
Some of the most notable benefits that NFS can provide are:
Local workstations use less disk space because commonly used data can be stored on a single machine and still remain accessible to others over the network.
There is no need for users to have separate home directories on every network machine. Home directories could be set up on the NFS server and made available throughout the network.
Storage devices such as floppy disks, CDROM drives, and USB Thumb drives can be used by other machines on the network. This may reduce the number of removable media drives throughout the network.
How do you install Microsoft Office on Linux?
Yes. You will need an office suite that supports Microsoft's file formats, though. OpenOffice should be highly compatible. Koffice is also compatible to a lesser extent. As a final option, it is possible to install Microsoft Office itself using Wine.
