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Operating Systems
Operating systems, both proprietary and open-source, include those produced by Microsoft, Linux, and Apple Mac
4,423 Questions
What is the benefit and the purpose of operating system?
The primary purpose of an operating system (OS) is to manage hardware resources and provide a user interface, enabling users and applications to interact with the computer system efficiently. It acts as an intermediary between users and the hardware, facilitating tasks such as file management, process scheduling, and memory allocation. Additionally, an OS enhances system security and stability, ensuring that multiple applications can run simultaneously without conflict. Overall, it streamlines the computing experience, making it accessible and efficient for users.
What is an example of an operating activity?
An example of an operating activity is the day-to-day transactions involved in running a business, such as selling products or services, collecting payments from customers, and paying operating expenses like salaries and utilities. For instance, a retail store generating revenue from sales and paying its staff and suppliers would be engaged in operating activities. These activities are crucial for maintaining the company's core functions and profitability.
What operating system uses icons to represent programs?
Most modern operating systems, including Microsoft Windows, macOS, and various Linux distributions with graphical user interfaces, use icons to represent programs. These icons provide a visual way for users to interact with applications, making it easier to launch and manage them. The use of icons is a key feature of graphical user interfaces (GUIs), enhancing user experience by providing intuitive navigation.
Which operating system feature will show a hard drive status?
The operating system feature that shows a hard drive status is typically found in the Disk Management tool or the File Explorer properties in Windows. In macOS, users can access this information through the Disk Utility application. These tools provide details about the hard drive's health, available space, and partition status. Additionally, third-party software can also offer comprehensive insights into hard drive performance and status.
Why is the ability to multitask an import advancement in operating system software?
The ability to multitask is a crucial advancement in operating system software because it allows multiple processes to run simultaneously, improving overall system efficiency and user productivity. By managing resources effectively, multitasking enables users to switch between applications seamlessly, enhancing the user experience. This capability also facilitates better utilization of hardware resources, leading to faster processing and more responsive applications. Ultimately, multitasking supports more complex and demanding computing environments, reflecting modern computing needs.
Briefly describe windows as an operating system?
Windows is a widely used operating system developed by Microsoft, known for its graphical user interface (GUI) that allows users to interact with their computers through visual elements like windows, icons, and menus. It supports a wide range of applications and hardware, making it versatile for both personal and professional use. Windows offers features like multitasking, security updates, and system management tools, catering to various user needs from gaming to enterprise solutions. Its continuous evolution since its initial release in 1985 has solidified its position as one of the dominant operating systems globally.
A hypervisor, also known as a virtual machine monitor (VMM), is software that creates and manages virtual machines (VMs) on a host system. It allows multiple operating systems to run concurrently on a single physical machine by abstracting the hardware resources. Hypervisors can be categorized into two types: Type 1 (bare-metal), which runs directly on the hardware, and Type 2 (hosted), which runs on top of an existing operating system. This technology is fundamental in cloud computing and virtualization, enabling efficient resource utilization and isolation between different environments.
Give the four general example the use of threads in a single user multiprocessing system?
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Which are the factors to be considered in choosing a network operating system?
wha are the factors o consider while choosing network operating system
Kernel customization refers to the process of modifying the operating system kernel to better fit specific hardware requirements, optimize performance, or add new features. This can involve altering configuration settings, adding or removing modules, and tweaking parameters to enhance system functionality or security. Commonly seen in Linux-based systems, kernel customization allows developers and advanced users to create tailored environments for specific applications or use cases. Ultimately, it enables greater control over system behavior and resource management.
What are two operating systems that are found on mobile devices?
Two common operating systems found on mobile devices are Android and iOS. Android, developed by Google, is an open-source platform used by a variety of manufacturers, while iOS is Apple's proprietary operating system specifically designed for iPhones and iPads. Both offer unique features and app ecosystems, catering to different user preferences.
What is system view and user view of os?
The system view of an operating system (OS) focuses on the internal mechanisms and architecture that manage hardware resources, facilitate process scheduling, memory management, and ensure security and stability. In contrast, the user view emphasizes the interface and experience that users interact with, including application access, file management, and graphical user interfaces (GUIs). While the system view is concerned with efficiency and performance, the user view prioritizes usability and accessibility. Both perspectives are essential for understanding how an OS operates and serves its users.
Key management challanges involved in building operating and maintaining information systems today?
(b) Describe all the components and resources of an information system.
Answer(a)
Management Information System - Information Technology
Management information system or management information services, and pronounced as separate letters, MIS refers broadly to a computer-based system that provides managers with the tools for organizing, evaluating and efficiently running their departments. In order to provide past, present and prediction information, an MIS can include software that helps in decision making, data resources such as databases, the hardware resources of a system, decision support systems, people management and project management applications, and any computerized processes that enable the department to run efficiently.
Within companies and large organizations, the department responsible for computer systems is sometimes called the MIS department. Other names for MIS include IS (Information Services) and IT (Information Technology).
Information Technology is the hardware, software and telecommunications used interchangeably. These technologies provide the means to transmit, store and retrieve data, voice and video to anyplace in the world in real time.
Challenges:
1. Workforce downsizing
2. Information overload
3. Employee mistrust
4. Difficult to built
5. Security breaches
Opportunities:
1. Enhanced global competitiveness
2. Capture market opportunities
3. Support corporate strategy
4. Enhance worker productivity
5. Improve quality of goods and services
Information Systems are indispensable to the business, industry, academia and any organization to meet the future challenges Management information systems encompass a broad and complex topic. To make this topic more manageable, boundaries will be defined. First, because of the vast number of activities relating to management information systems, a total review is not possible. Those discussed here is only a partial sampling of activities, reflecting the author's viewpoint of the more common and interesting developments. Likewise where there were multiple effects in a similar area of development, only selected ones will be used to illustrate concepts. This is not to imply one effort is more important than another. Also, the main focus of this paper will be on information systems for use at the farm level and to some lesser extent systems used to support researchers addressing farm level problems (e.g., simulation or optimization models, geographic information systems, etc.) and those used to support agribusiness firms that supply goods and services to agricultural producers and the supply chain beyond the production phase.
Secondly, there are several frameworks that can be used to define and describe management information systems. More than one will be used to discuss important concepts. Because more than one is used, it indicates the difficult of capturing the key concepts of what is a management information system. Indeed, what is viewed as an effective and useful management information system is one environment may not be of use or value in another.
Lastly, the historical perspective of management information systems cannot be ignored. This perspective gives a sense of how these systems have evolved, been refined and adapted as new technologies have emerged, and how changing economic conditions and other factors have influenced the use of information systems.
(b)
There are five major components or resources that must come together in order to produce an Information system.
Let's discuss each in detail: -
1. Hardware: The term hardware refers to machinery. This category includes the computer itself, which is often, referred to as the central processing unit (CPU), and all of its support equipments. Among the support equipments are input and output devices, storage devices and communications devices.
2. Software: The term software refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them. Computer programs are machine-readable instructions that direct the circuitry within the hardware parts of the IS to function in ways that produce useful information from data. Programs are generally stored on some input / output medium, often a disk or tape.
3. Data: Data are facts that are used by programs to produce useful information. Like Programs, data are generally stored in machine-readable form on disk or tape until the computer needs them.
4. Procedures: Procedures are the policies that govern the operation of a computer system. "Procedures are to people what software is to hardware" is a common analogy that is used to illustrate the role of procedures in a IS.
5. People: Every IS needs people if it is to be useful. Often the most over-looked element of the Information System is the people, probably the component that most influence the success or failure of information systems.
The major types of information systems are shown in the below model:
Types of Information System
What are the least four tasks for which the operating system is responsible?
The operating system is responsible for managing hardware resources, facilitating user interfaces, and providing security and access control. However, it is not responsible for tasks such as executing application-specific functions, managing application-level data, or performing content creation. Additionally, it does not directly handle user-specific tasks like document editing or graphic design. Instead, these activities are typically managed by applications that operate on top of the OS.
What are operating functions in bank?
Operating functions in a bank refer to the essential processes and activities that ensure the smooth and efficient functioning of the bank's daily operations. These include transaction processing, customer service, risk management, compliance, and the management of financial products. Additionally, they encompass back-office activities like bookkeeping and settlements, as well as front-office functions that involve customer interactions and sales. Overall, these functions are critical for maintaining financial stability, regulatory compliance, and customer satisfaction.
How many programes can run at a time on a single operating system?
There are a number of factors in play that all contribute to the maximum number of applications that can run at once, including RAM, swap, handles, committed memory, threads, and processes. A typical system with 4GB of RAM and 4GB of swap may be able to run approximately 150-300 smaller programs, such as web browsers, simple text editors, etc. Larger programs will reduce this estimate.
The largest server configuration of Windows, assuming the hardware existed to support it, would allow up to 8 million small programs to run, or more usefully, about 250,000-500,000 "typical" sized programs.
At some point, the number of CPUs and/or cores may also come into play, as running many programs at once will slow down the CPU. This maximum is far more noticeable on systems with tons of RAM and a slower processor. Assuming the programs are (mostly) idle, the estimates above would work, but during peak usage, the system would slow to a crawl.
Each processor or core can comfortably run a program at normal speed around 5% assuming light CPU usage. This would place the limit around 20 programs per core or processor installed; 8 cores would be around 160 total programs.
The maximum number of applications that can be run will depend on CPU responsiveness, total RAM used, and many other factors. This number may range from 1 large program to dozens, hundreds, or thousands of small programs. The only way a user can find out what the limits are of their system is to open as much as they can until the system won't let them; that is their maximum number.
There's hardly anyone that knows the internal limits of Windows, but the limits are high enough that it doesn't really matter, since RAM, CPU usage, and disk capacity would prevent any system from reaching the theoretical internal limits of the Windows Kernel.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of multiuser operating system?
They have many advantages in workplace such as enabling employees to refer to and update a shared corporate database. The travel industry uses a multi-user system to manage bookings of airline tickets; travel agents around the world using the system can access information on available seats as readily as an airline's own office
