Particle Physics

If an astronaut landed on a planet made of antimatter, upon contact with regular matter an annihilation reaction would occur, leading to a release of energy and resulting in a large explosion of gamma rays and other particles. This would be extremely destructive and dangerous for the astronaut.

Atoms typically do not lose protons because that would change the identity of the element. Instead, atoms can lose or gain electrons to form ions with a different charge. Protons are not generally lost by atoms in chemical reactions.

Negative charge: electrons

Positive charge: protons

Sulfur has 6 valence electrons.

The particle you are referring to is an "electron." It is a negatively charged subatomic particle found in atoms.

europium's atomic number is 63, it's mass (in amu's [atomic mass units]) is 152, rounded. the atomic number = the number of protons, so europium has 63 protons.

the number of protons = the number of electrons, so there are 63 electrons in a europium atom.

the mass= protons + neutrons, therefore neutrons = mass - protons.

this would be 152 - 63 = 89

there are 89 neutrons in a europium atom.

p+: 63

n: 89

e-: 63

hope i helped! ^.^

A pi meson, also known as a pion, is a type of subatomic particle called a meson. Pions are the lightest mesons and come in three forms: positive, negative, and neutral. They play a role in the strong nuclear force that binds protons and neutrons together in atomic nuclei.

you look at either the atomic number or the number of electrons. That's the number of protons.

The energy molecule formed by the electron transport chain is called adenosine triphosphate, or ATP. Anywhere from 34 to 36 ATP can be produced during the electron transport chain.

A carbon atom typically has 6 electrons.

The Electron Cloud Model was proposed by Erwin Schrödinger in 1926 as part of the development of quantum mechanics. It describes electrons not as discrete particles with defined orbits but rather as wave functions that exist in a three-dimensional cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom.

We usually apply the term ionization to describe what happens to electrons that are excited and change Fermi energy levels. The term ion is applied to mean charged particles. As just one example, the gas atoms in a fluorescent tube are ionized by the applied voltage. The electrons are "excited" and "jump" to higher energy levels and then fall back and emit a photon of light as they do. When the tube is lit, countless numbers of electrons are shifting orbitals and shifting back with the emission of light to give us the illumination we desired when we turned it on.

Positrons are a type of beta radiation (along with electons). Let's check things out to figure out why some nuclei are positron emitters. Positron emission (beta + decay) follows after the conversion of a neutron in an atomic nucleus into a proton. In atomic nuclei that have an excess number of neutrons to be stable, this is a common form of decay. It directly assists an unstable nucleus in getting closer to the "line of stability" of the N-Z plot. As beta + decay has a higher probablity for nuclei with excessive numbers of neutrons, beta - decay has a higher probability for nuclei with shortages of neutrons. In general, alpha decay is reserved for the heaviest radionuclides. We see radium, uranium, plutonium and a number of other elements from the upper end of the periodic table as having alpha decay as a possibility among their methods of decay. Links can be found below.

There are no quarks in an electron. Electrons are leptons, which are not made of quarks. Further, the electron is a fundamental particle, just like the quark. That means that neither quarks or electrons are made up of other particles, per the Standard Model of particle physics.

Quarks, which are fundamental particles, make up a composite particles called a hadron. The hadrons come in two types, and they are the baryon and the meson. The two best known hadrons are protons and neutrons, which are made up of three quarks each. The fact that the proton and neutron are made up of three quarks makes them baryons. Mesons are made up of two quarks. Use the link below for more information on quarks.

A neutron is a subatomic particle that does not have an electric charge. It is found in the nucleus of an atom along with protons, which have a positive charge, and electrons, which have a negative charge.

There are things called group and period. the groups are basically used for the electron dot diagram. the period is used for the cloud model. there are 7 periods. for example, Sodium is in period 3, so sodium has 3 energy levels. draw a circle. the circle is your nucleus. then draw another circle around your nucleus. that is your first energy level. there are 2 electrons in the first level, 8 in the second and 18 in the third. for sodium the atomic number is 11. first draw your nucleus. then draw your first energy level. the first energy level has 2 electrons. then draw your second energy level. it had 8 electrons. so far your atomic number is 8. sodium has 3 energy levels because it's in period 3. draw your third energy level with 1 electron. For sodium you only draw 1 electron because you already have 2 electrons on the first level and 8 on the second. the atomic number for sodium is 11 so it has to equal 11. that is why you only draw one electron on the third energy level. 8+2+1=11. it is the same number as your atomic number. and there you have your electron cloud model.

The element is likely lithium (Li). Lithium has 3 electron energy levels (shells) and 3 valence electrons in its outermost energy level.

Yes it is.

This does not mean that it has the properties ascribed to it in any particular work of fiction (Star Trek's version is reasonably realistic, Green Lantern's version is hopelessly silly), but yes, something by that name does really exist.

*************************************************************************

Antimatter is real. Some scientists believe that antimatter is a perfect symmetry to matter. Antimatter is very dangerous and powerful. When matter and antimatter collide, an annihilation happens. Things around it will disappear.

Titanium has the valence electron configuration of [Ar] 3d2 4s2. This means that Ti has 2 valence electrons, lying in the 4th s orbital. Note the relationship between the d-orbital and valence electrons is more complicated, but they are not regularly considered valence electrons.

The number of protons in the nucleus give the atom its CHEMICAL identity (whether it is lead or gold ect...)

However, the combination of protons and neutrons give the atom its ACTUAL identity-both chemical properties and nuclear properties (assuming the atom is neutral). Unarguably, carbon 12 and carbon 14 are different for example. Chemically they are chemically the same but carbon 14 is radioactive and doesn't exist for very long (it is unstable and will decay).

The "NUMBER" (#) of Protons in an Atom of Hydrogen is one (1). The number of protons is what makes a specific element that element. Hydrogen always has one proton no matter what. If someone says that a hydrogen atom has two protons(they are incorrect), it is no longer hydrogen; it is the element Helium.

The most famous of CERN's projects is The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) - The world's most powerful atom smasher. CERN's main function is to provide the particle accelerators and other infrastructure needed for high-energy particle physics research. Also, It is also noted for being the birthplace of the World Wide Web.

No, ATP is not considered an electron carrier. ATP is the primary energy-carrying molecule in cells, storing and transferring energy for cellular processes. Electron carriers like NADH and FADH2 are involved in the transport of electrons during cellular respiration.