Particle Physics

The six "flavors" of quarks are:

up, down, top, bottom, charm and strange.

All of them have 1/2 a spin.

Up, top and charm all have a charge of +2/3.

Strange, down and bottom all have a charge of -1/3.

electrons the smallest but weigh as much as protons neutrons weigh nothing

~Kay

The person giving the answer below has put a lot of effort in, but the answer is not correct. The (approximate) answer is: 1.637 X 10-13 Joules.

Here's the correct working:

Electron and positron both have mass of about 9.109 X 10-31 kg.

So total mass, m = 2 x 9.109 x 10-31 kg.

The speed of light (in a vacuum) is c = 299,792,458 m/s.

E = mc2. So, put the numbers in the equation, use a calculator and you get the answer: about 1.637 x 10-13 Joules.

I am not a Physicist, I am merely a 9th grader.

However, it seems common sense to use Einstein's equation E=mc2 to solve this.

The energy produced upon an electron being annihilated would be E, and of course, m is the mass of the electron, then multiplied by the speed of light squared. What we'll do is:

E (in Joules)= (Mass of electron in grams) * Speed of light in meters squared

A quick Wikipedia search reveals the mass of the electron is

9.10938291(40) * 10-31 kg

Which I typed into my Scientific Calculator and returned,

3.643753164 * 10-29 kg

I then moved the decimal to the left (10 has a negative exponent) 29 times to get,

0.0000000000000000000000000003643753164 kg.

Now, E=mc2 calculates mass in grams. So we must get rid of three of the zeros:

0.0000000000000000000000003643753164 g

There. We now have the mass of the electron in grams. The positron, as you probably know, has the exact same mass. Now to find the speed of light in meters...

According to Google, the speed of light is: 299 792 458 m/s.

We must square it, and we get:

8.987551787 * 1016

Which translates to,

89875517870000000

So now, we have both the mass of the electron/positron AND the speed of light squared! Lets multiply them!

3.274842026 * 10-08 J (Joules).

There you go.

0.0000003274842026 J.

Not much, isn't it?

But the other day, using the same equation, I (mentally) collided 100g of Hydrogen with 100g of Anti-Hydrogen and got over 17.9 quintillon joules!

I just love physics!

~Lance

This is the electron.

The quarks came when at the start of the universe, the energy was converted into matter. This matter is the quarks. The quarks join to form the element hydrogen, which fuses to form other elements.

You are probably referring to nuclear fission. this occurs in some isotopes of heavy elements, most notably Uranium 235 and Plutonium 239. The fission of the nucleus releases energy, and forms two fragments which are nuclei of two lighter elements. The reaction can be controlled to occur at a steady rate thus releasing a steady supply of thermal energy.

Halogen electron configurations all end in the 7th energy level with 7 electrons in the outermost shell, giving them a full valence shell of 8 electrons when they gain an additional electron through chemical bonding. This stable electron configuration is what makes halogens highly reactive.

The transmission electron microscope was invented by German physicist Ernst Ruska in 1931, along with his collaborator Max Knoll. Their invention revolutionized the field of microscopy by allowing scientists to observe structures at the nanoscale level.

The quantum model suggests that electrons exist in energy levels surrounding an atomic nucleus, rather than orbiting in fixed paths. They exhibit wave-particle duality, meaning they can behave as both particles and waves simultaneously. The model also introduces the concept of uncertainty, where the exact position and momentum of an electron cannot be known simultaneously.

Quarks can actually vary greatly in size.

The most common types of Quarks are Up and Down (scientists are not the most creative when it comes to names) and they have the mass of about 1/400 and 1/200 (respectfully) the mass of a proton. But some quarks, like the Top quark (another uncreative name) has the mass of the entire Tunston atom.

The hydrophilic regions of a transmembrane protein are likely to be found on the exterior of the membrane. The transmembrane protein may have three parts: a hydrophilic segment, a hydrophobic segment, and another hydrophilic segment. The hydrophobic region would be in between the hydrophilic regions. The hydrophobic region will be embedded in the membrane and the hydrophilic regions will be on the inside and outside of the membrane.

Those are called electrons.

Those are called electrons.

Those are called electrons.

Those are called electrons.

The charge on a neutron is zero. It has no electrical charge; it is a neutral particle.
As the name suggests, the neutron is neutral, with neither positive nor negative charge.

"Ccharm", "beauty", and "strange" are types of "flavors" used to describe different properties of quarks, which are elementary particles that make up protons and neutrons. Each quark has a specific flavor, such as charm, beauty (or bottom), and strange, which help characterize their behavior and interactions in particle physics.

Its atomic # is 37 so 37 protrons and electrons as for nuetrons it is 85(atomicmass)- 37(the atomic number)=48

No.

Both the photon and the neutrino have zero electrical charge and as such cannot create a charged particle.

A Geiger counter, also called a Geiger-Müller counter, is a type of particle detector that measures ionizing radiation. They detect the emission of nuclear radiation: alpha particles, beta particles or gamma rays. A Geiger counter detects radiation by ionization produced in a low-pressure gas in a Geiger-Müller tube

Appomattox Court House in Virginia. This event is considered the effective end of the American Civil War. General Robert E. Lee's surrender to General Ulysses S. Grant marked a significant moment in American history.

oxygens electron arrangement is 2 electrons then 6 electrons and that's all hope whatever your doing goes well!>0

1 atom of iridium has 77 electrons in total.

For most cmpds of the main group elements the lone pairs are of equal importance as bond pairs in determining structure hence the basis of VSEPR theory. The lone pairs are said to be stereochemically active. But for some higher-coordination main-group cmpds the lone pair becomes stereochemically inactive. For example, the [SeCl6]2-, [SeBr6]2-, [TeCl6]2-, and [TeBr6]2- ions all have regular octahedral structures in the solid state. But According to VSEPR these AX6E ions should not have a regular octahedral structure.

For transition metal cmplxs and organometallic cmpds the d e-s are completely stereochemically inactive: d AOs point between the ligands (e.g., oct [M(H2O)6]^n+ ions) or are involved in π bonding. Cr(CO)6 (octahedral), Fe(CO)5 (trigonal bipyramidal), Ni(CO)4 (tetrahedral), but all have 18 e-s: geometry dictated by ligands. ;)

electron-negative, proton-positive, neutron-neutral