Peru

Lima, Peru, derived its name from the Spanish word "Lima," which was a corruption of the indigenous name "Rímac," meaning "the speaker" in the Quechua language. The name referred to the nearby Rímac River. When Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro founded the city in 1535, he named it "Ciudad de los Reyes" (City of Kings), but it eventually became known as Lima. Over time, the name Lima became more widely used, overshadowing the original name.

Peru boasts a diverse ecosystem, ranging from the Amazon rainforest to the Andes mountains and coastal desert. The Amazon region is rich in biodiversity, home to thousands of plant and animal species, many of which are endemic. The Andes support unique high-altitude ecosystems, including paramo and cloud forests, while the coastal areas feature arid landscapes with specialized flora and fauna. This variety creates a complex web of habitats that support a wide range of ecological interactions and cultural significance.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, the exchange rate for Peruvian Soles to Kenyan Shillings can fluctuate. However, if we estimate that 1 Peruvian Sol is roughly around 80 Kenyan Shillings, then 100 Soles would be approximately 8,000 Kenyan Shillings. It's advisable to check a reliable financial news source or currency exchange platform for the most current rates.

The ancient culture that inhabited parts of present-day Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Bolivia, and Argentina is the Inca civilization. The Incas, known for their advanced agricultural, architectural, and engineering skills, built a vast empire known as Tawantinsuyu, which was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. Their capital was located in Cusco, Peru, and they are renowned for their iconic sites, such as Machu Picchu and the extensive road systems connecting their territories.

Paris, France; Tokyo, Japan; and Washington, D.C. are all located in the Northern Hemisphere. Lima, Peru, on the other hand, is situated in the Southern Hemisphere. Therefore, the cities in the Northern Hemisphere are Paris, Tokyo, and Washington, D.C.

No, Peru was not part of the British Empire. While the British had economic interests and trade relations in Peru, especially during the 19th century with the guano and nitrate industries, Peru was primarily a Spanish colony until it gained independence in 1821. The British did have some influence in the region, but they never established formal colonial control over Peru.

Peru's ecosystem is incredibly diverse, ranging from the arid coastal deserts to the lush Amazon rainforest and the high Andes mountains. The Amazon rainforest, which covers a significant portion of the country, is one of the most biodiverse areas in the world, home to countless plant and animal species. The Andes mountains host unique ecosystems with varied climates and altitudes, supporting distinct flora and fauna. This rich biodiversity is threatened by deforestation, mining, and agriculture, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts.

As of the latest available data, there are approximately 10 million housing units in Peru. This figure includes various types of dwellings, such as single-family homes, apartments, and informal housing. The number can fluctuate due to factors like urbanization, population growth, and housing development initiatives. For precise and current statistics, consulting a government or housing authority source would be ideal.

The large lake on the southern border of Peru is Lake Titicaca. It is situated at a high altitude in the Andes mountains and is considered the highest navigable lake in the world. Lake Titicaca is shared between Peru and Bolivia and is known for its rich cultural heritage and biodiversity.

In the high altitude regions of Peru, particularly in the Andes mountains, oxygen is the element that is scarce. The reduced atmospheric pressure at high elevations leads to lower oxygen availability, which can pose challenges for both humans and animals acclimatizing to such environments. This scarcity can result in altitude sickness for those not accustomed to the elevation.

Yes, Mozambique passport holders need a visa to enter Peru. They must apply for a visa beforehand through a Peruvian consulate or embassy. It's advisable to check the latest visa requirements and application procedures before planning travel.

The top five causes of death in Peru typically include heart disease, cancer, stroke, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes. These health issues are influenced by factors such as lifestyle, diet, and access to healthcare. Additionally, infectious diseases also remain a concern, particularly in certain regions of the country. Public health initiatives aim to address these leading causes and improve overall health outcomes.

The Inca Civil War, which erupted in the early 16th century between the factions led by Atahualpa and Huáscar, significantly weakened the Inca Empire, making it more vulnerable to Spanish conquest. Internal divisions and conflicts diminished their military strength and cohesion, allowing Spanish conquistadors, led by Francisco Pizarro, to exploit the situation. This disarray facilitated the Spanish capture of Atahualpa and the subsequent rapid downfall of Inca resistance, ultimately leading to Spanish control over Peru. The civil war thus played a crucial role in the ease of Spanish conquest and colonization.

Yes, Peru is known for producing high-quality emeralds, particularly from the regions of Chocó and the Andes Mountains. The country's emeralds are recognized for their vibrant green color and clarity, making them sought after in the gemstone market. Peru's emerald mining industry has gained prominence, contributing significantly to the country's economy.

The Inca Empire, which was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America, extended into present-day Peru, Ecuador, and parts of northern Chile. It thrived from the early 15th century until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century. The Inca are known for their advanced agricultural techniques, impressive architecture, and extensive road systems that connected their vast territory.

In Peru, New Year's Eve is celebrated with vibrant festivities that often include family gatherings, festive meals, and the tradition of wearing colored underwear for good luck. People often make " Año Viejo" effigies, representing the old year, which are burned at midnight to symbolize letting go of the past. At the stroke of midnight, it's common to eat 12 grapes, one for each chime of the clock, while making wishes for the upcoming year. Street parties and fireworks also light up the night, reflecting the joyful spirit of the celebration.

Peru's version of a favela is often referred to as a "pueblo joven" or "young town." These informal settlements typically arise on the outskirts of cities, where residents build makeshift homes due to a lack of affordable housing. Like favelas in Brazil, pueblos jóvenes often face challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, limited access to services, and high levels of poverty, yet they also exhibit vibrant community life and resilience.

Peru is home to a diverse array of potato varieties, with over 4,000 types cultivated throughout the country. Some of the most notable include the purple-skinned Peruanita, the yellow-fleshed Huayro, and the unique Chuno, which is freeze-dried. These varieties are not only important for local cuisine but also play a significant role in Peru's cultural heritage and agricultural biodiversity. The diversity in potatoes reflects the country's varied climates and altitudes, contributing to their distinct flavors and textures.

The Shining Path, a Maoist guerrilla group, had a profound impact on Peru during the 1980s and 1990s, leading to widespread violence and instability. Their campaign of terror resulted in tens of thousands of deaths, displacements, and significant disruption to rural and urban communities. The group's activities also prompted a harsh government response, which included human rights abuses. Ultimately, while the Shining Path was largely weakened by the late 1990s, its legacy still influences Peru's socio-political landscape today.

As of October 2023, Peru does not have a single dominant political party. The political landscape is fragmented, with multiple parties vying for power, including parties like Perú Libre, Fuerza Popular, and Renovación Popular. The situation is dynamic, influenced by recent elections and ongoing political challenges. Leadership and party influence can shift rapidly, reflecting the country's tumultuous political climate.

Yes, Peru has an extradition treaty with the United States. The treaty, signed in 2001 and ratified in 2002, allows for the extradition of individuals charged with or convicted of crimes in either country, subject to certain conditions and exceptions. This agreement facilitates cooperation between the two nations in combating crime and enhancing legal collaboration.

Peruvians began weaving cloth around 3,000 BCE, with evidence of textile production found in archaeological sites such as Caral and the Nazca Valley. The development of weaving techniques significantly advanced with the rise of the Paracas and Moche cultures, which produced intricate and colorful textiles. These early weavings were made from materials like cotton and wool from alpacas and llamas, reflecting the region's rich cultural heritage and craftsmanship.

The 50 intis banknote from the Banco Central de Reserva del Perú is no longer in circulation, as it was replaced by the nuevo sol in 1991. The intis have little to no value in current currency exchanges, typically being considered collectibles rather than usable currency. Their worth in US dollars may vary based on condition and collector interest, but it's generally quite low, often just a few cents.

Lima, Peru, is closer to the Tropic of Capricorn. The city is located at approximately 12 degrees south latitude, while the Tropic of Capricorn is situated at about 23.5 degrees south. In contrast, the equator is at 0 degrees latitude, making Lima significantly farther from it than from the Tropic of Capricorn.

The value of an 1869 Peru Un Sol coin can vary significantly based on its condition, rarity, and market demand. Generally, coins from this era can range from a few dollars to several hundred dollars for those in excellent condition or with unique features. To get an accurate value, it's advisable to consult a coin dealer or a reputable auction site for current market listings. Always consider having the coin appraised by a professional for the most precise valuation.