Polar Exploration

Matthew Henson was the first africian american to reach the north pole

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The Seward's Proposal was when William Seward was trying to convince the Council to purchase Alaska from Russia.. which, at the time, seemed very unwise. But soon after Seward was praised, because oil and gold and other valuable resources were found in Alaska.

It's hard to say who the most famous Antarctic explorer was. A few of them are very famous. One of the most famous is Admiral Richard Evelyn Byrd. Others are Ernest Shackleton, Roald Amundsen, and Robert Falcon Scott.

i d know

St. Lawrence River

No, Matthew Henson was not a slave when he was young. He was born free in 1866 in Maryland. He later became an explorer and is best known for being one of the first people to reach the North Pole in 1909.

I'm not sure, but Robert had all of his toes removed.

Admiral Richard E Byrd

Douglas Mawson is most known for being a pioneering explorer of the Antarctic.

Mawson was born on 5 May 1882 in Yorkshire, and his family emigrated to Australia in 1884. They settled in Sydney, where Mawson studied geology at Sydney University. Mawson held a position as geologist to an expedition to the New Hebrides in 1903, where he gained invaluable experience. Following this, Mawson came back to Australia where, in 1905, he was appointed a lecturer in petrology and mineralogy at the University of Adelaide.

In 1907, Mawson joined an expedition to Antarctica led by Ernest Shackleton, as a scientific officer, and was one of the first to ascend Mount Erebus and get close to the South magnetic pole. He was offered a place on Robert Scott's Terra Nova expedition but turned it down to lead the Australasian Antarctic Expedition of 1911-1914, sailing on the "Aurora".

On 2 December 1911, Mawson departed from Hobert on the "Aurora", bound for Macquarie Island, a sub-antarctic island 1500 kilometres south east of Tasmania and 1300 kilometres north of Antarctica. Here, he established a base before leaving on December 23 to explore the Antarctic continent. On 7 January 1912, the Aurora reached a place that Mawson named Commonwealth Bay. A whaleboat was sent ashore on December 8, and the point at which they landed, Cape Denison, was found to harbour an abundance of Antarctic wildlife, including Weddell seals and Adelie penguins.

yes but he died when Matthew was only 11

Shackleton is famous for not 'losing a man' on his Antarctic expeditions.

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Henry Hudson

Mawson Station is located at Holme Bay in Mac Robertson Land, East Antarctica. Its actual location is 67° 36′ 0″ S, 62° 52′ 0″ E

The answer is Anchorage, Alaska. It is on the polar circle.

1963

Captain Scott took a huge amount of supplies on both his expeditions to Antarctica. On both the Discovery (1901-1904) and the Terra Nova (1910-1912) expeditions, Scott brought a prefrabricated wooden hut with him. The Discovery Hut was poorly insulated, and was never intended as permanent living quarters for the expedition, but the Terra Nova Hut at Cape Evans was the expedition's base for two years. Both huts are still in Antarctica today.

On both expeditions, Scott took animals with him. On the Discovery expedition, he took dogs, and on the Terra Nova expedition he took both dogs and ponies. He also requested mules be sent from New Zealand for the second season of the Terra Nova expedition, but he died before they arrived. Other animals were pets, such as cats and a rabbit, were also taken on board the ships.

The expedition had to take most of its food for both men and animals with them. The food eaten by the men included tea, biscuits, sheeps tongues, chocolate, cocoa, mutton, pemmican, onions, butter, and puddings, which they supplemented with fresh meat from seals and penguins that they killed in Antarctica. The animal food included compressed fodder and oil cake for the horses, and biscuits for the dogs, supplemented with fresh meat and blubber from seals and penguins.

Both were primarily scientific expeditions, so a lot of complicated scientific equipment had to be taken to Antarctica. For example, the Terra Nova's meteorologist, George Simpson, brought down all the equipment needed to measure things like temperature, light level, and windspeed.

They had to take all their sledging equipment with them, including sledges, harnesses, skis, tents, reindeer-skin sleeping bags, warm fur mits, weather-proof outer-clothing, ice axes, picks, crampons, snow shoes, pony snow shoes, sledge-meters, and finnesko (water-proof outer shoes). Each man was allowed to take 15 lbs. of personal gear with him on each sledging journeys, including things like personal clothing (like spare socks, hats, and shirts), a journal, any scientific equipment they wishes to take, a sketch pad, pencils, and perhaps a book to read. Some men even smuggled Christmas puddings or birthday presents in their personal gear if they knew they were going to spend Christmas or birthdays out sledging!

Finally, Scott's expeditions took a huge amount of gear to keep them occupied over the long, dark Antarctic Winter. This included a large library of books (Lawrence Oates brought 'The History of the Peninsular War', while Captain Scott himself favoured Thomas Hardy and the poetry of Robert Browning), a record player, and pictures of family.

It's also important to think about what Scott's men brought back. Things like the huts, the sledges, left-over food, the outer-clothing for sledging, the tents, and many of the books were left behind. All of the ponies and many of the dogs died or were killed, and some of the men also did not return. However, the expeditions did bring back a huge number of scientific samples, such as rocks from the Beardmore Glacier, which contributed to the development of the theory of continental drift!

Several reasons.

First was distance. Taking the southern route required sailing south in the Atlantic to clear either Africa or South America, then sailing north to the spice, and silk markets, then back again. A Northwest passage could cut that distance in half.

Associated with distance was risk. The more time spent at sea, the greater the exposure to storms, piracy, disease, ship maintenance issues, and unhappy sailors who occasionally mutinied.

Politics was an issue, too. The Dutch had established a presence on the African Route, and the Spanish were trying to dominate South America and its ports.

England, France, and Russia, major powers of the time were coming late to the party and really trying to find an edge.

He reached it on may 5th 1916

Maripaluk

born- 5 may 1882

died - 14 october 1958

He had two sisters and one brother and one of his sisters was famous

Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott both explored Antarctica at the same time in 1911. Amundsen was aware of Scott's objective, but Scott was not aware that Amundsen was right behind him. Roald Amundsen reached the South Pole first on 14th of December, 1911. Amundsen reported that he saw no sign of Scott. Scott reached the South Pole on 17th of January, 1912, acknowledging in his diary that Amundsen had got there a month earlier. The last members of the Scott expedition was found dead by a relief party two years later in 1913.