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Submarines
Submarines are naval craft that can operate for an extended period of time underwater. They are used primarily as warships, as well as for business, scientific and other purposes. Submarines are different from submersibles, which only have limited underwater capability.
2,056 Questions
How have submarines improved your lives?
In a very loose sense, apart fom national defense- fast food was and is essentially a service contract- microwaves were first used on nuclear subs, and before them we had mass-produced so-called (Battleship style) French Fries- still popular and offered by Nathans. Fast-food is essentially a defense-industry development.
What year was the first atomic submarine launched?
The first atomic submarine known as the Nautilus was launched January 21st 1954
When did the US have the capability to launch intercontinental ballistic missiles from a submarine?
The Polaris SLBM program started in 1956; the first successful launch from the USS George Washington (SSBN-598) was on July 20, 1960. Later in 1961 the Polaris A-2 SLBM entered active service in the Navy's submarine fleet.
What was the first commissioned submarines?
The first commissioned submarine was the U.S. Navy's USS Holland (SS-1), built by submarine pioneer John Holland. She was commissioned in 1900, a year before the British submarine Holland 1, also built by Holland.
The USS Holland originally began life as the Holland IV, her keel being laid in 1896. It was the forerunner of all modern submarine designs, incorporating all of Holland's key submarine inventions/patents. The USS Holland became the first successful diesel-electric powered boat, with reloadable torpedo tubes, that also had a working ballast/trim system for precise dives and surfaces.
What strategis did convoys use to help the allies combat German submarine warfare?
Warships traveled with merchant ships for protection
What type of lights do submarines use?
Submarines only use very few lights:
1. Bow and Stern (rudder) lights - the Bow light is contained withing the jackstaff, and is only used in port while moored or anchored. The Rudder light is used while underway surfaced, along with the Port/Starboard lights.l
2. Port and Starboard Navigation lights - like all vessels, submarines use Port (Red) and Starboard (Green) navigation lights, which are located on the submarine's sail/fairwater.
3. Yellow Flashing Light - Submarines traveling on the surface at night use a raised mast with a flashing yellow beacon. The beacon, along with the other navigation lights, tell other ships that the vessel is a submarine, and which direction it's headed.
4. Security lights - Mounted on the sail in port, they are used as safety/security lights while moored or anchored.
Why did david bushnell invent the submarine?
Bushnell didn't invent the submarine - Bushnell was responsible for creating the first American submarine (the Turtle) and the first submarine used in combat, but long after others had designed and built a working model.
Credit for the invention of the submarine is given to William Bourne, a British mathematician and ex-Royal Navy gunner who published a design in 1578. The first navigable submarine for which reliable construction data exists was built from Bourne's design in 1620 by Cornelius Jacobszoon Drebbel, a Dutch inventor working for British King James I.
The first submarine credited with a wartime sinking is the Confederate Army vessel H.L. Hunley (it was never a commissioned Naval warship), which sank the Union blockade ship USS Housatonic in Charleston Harbor in 1864. Recent findings by those working on the Hunley (raised intact several years ago) shows that the crew didn't die from flooding damage caused by its Spar Torpedo as has long been believed, but rather by a lack of oxygen. Had they made it to shore, it likely would've altered the course of the war.
How does a submarine floats then sinks then floats?
It is a matter of buoyancy. There are large tanks that can be filled with sea water or with air. To submerge they pump the air into compressed tanks and the water fills it up sinking the sub. When they want to go back up, they blow the water out using the compressed air.
All submarines can sink. Some can return to the surface.
In which year first submarine was built?
Dutch inventor Cornelis Drebbel built several submersible boats in 1620. They looked like two wooden rowboats fastened on top of each other, the top one upside down, and covered with a waterproof skin of leather. Propelled by oars extended through watertight openings in the skin, historians consider them to be the first maneuverable submarines. American submarines were used during the Revolutionary War (1775-1783) and the American Civil War (1861-1865).
What Confederate submarine was the first submarine to sink a ship?
The 40-foot H.L. Hunley (often erroneously called CSS Hunley) in 1864. The Hunley is credited with the first successful sinking of an enemy ship by a submarine, after her successful attack on the Union sloop-of-war USS Housatonic in Charleston Harbor, which was participating in the Union blockade of Charleston.
During the US Civil War, cotton magnate Horace L. Hunley commissioned three Confederate designs by James McClintock. The first was the 20-foot Pioneer in 1862, followed by the larger "American Diver" in 1863, and a 40-foot, 9-man submarine later that year. After fatal accidents in Charleston harbor, Hunley himself commanded one mission, and drowned along with the entire crew.
The sub was raised, renamed H.L Hunley, and finally managed to sink the USS Housatonic on February 17, 1864, while operating as a shallow "David" boat armed with a torpedo spar. The sub, however, sank for good shortly thereafter.
The main misconception about the Hunley was that it was commissioned in the Confederate States Navy as the CSS Hunley; this in fact was never the case, and historians even today fail to correct this mistake.
The CSN refused to accept submarines because of the danger to their crews and the dishonor of attacking without showing the flag. The Hunley made its attack under Confederate Army command, and except for one sailor, its crew was composed of Confederate Army soldiers. In any case, the Hunley was not nearly large enough to be a commissioned warship with a CSS designation.
Until she was raised in 2000, her fate remained a mystery for 136 years. She was long believed to have been sunk as a result of the explosion from her spar torpedo attack on the Housatonic, but this is now known to be incorrect. An exhaustive archives research effort revealed that she was known to have survived the attack, and to have signaled Confederate forces at her base on Sullivan's Island, reporting that she was returning after her successful attack on the Housatonic. The spar torpedo was also found to be of a wire detontation type and not a contact charge, designed to be implanted by impact into the hull of a surface vessel. The Hunley would then back away to a safe distance, paying out the wire as it went, then detonating the charge remotely.
During the restoration efforts, forensic examinations of the crew remains were made. The examinations revealed that her crew did not drown as believed, but that they died from a lack of oxygen. Evidence to help prove this was also the fact that the crew members were still found at their stations; a drowning scenario would likely have placed them all near the hatchways trying to escape.
Most of the crew members were eventually identified, and buried with full military honors.
Of particular note was the Hunley's commander, Lt. George E. Dixon, who piloted the Hunley and detonated the charge that sank the Housatonic. His family legend held that he was saved by a gold coin given to him by a girl before he went off to war. A bullet meant for him had struck the coin in his trousers at the thigh, absorbing most of the impact, saving his leg and likely his life, leaving a deep mark on the coin. When the Hunley was raised, a $20 gold coin was found near his remains, with the inscription "Shiloh April 6, 1862 My life Preserver G. E. D.".
What did Germany do with its U-boats that violated laws of neutrality?
During World War I, German U-Boats fired on merchant ships, even those sailing under the flag of countries that were neutral parties if those parties were trading with Allied Countries. This is a violation of the protections of neutrality, which bars any attacks against a neutral party (including the ships sailing under the flag of a neutral party).
What are the challenges for a submarine to move around in the deep sea?
"Deep Sea" for a submarine generally refers to areas of the ocean in which the depth is well below any operational limits, e.g, the middle of the Atlantic.
The biggest challenges for submarine deep ocean operations are:
1. Environmental / Acoustic Properties - Modern submarines are heavily reliant on the acoustic environment of the ocean area they travel in, and constantly monitor the ocean environment for changes in properties that can affect sound travel though the water (e.g., temperature, depth, etc.). Knowing where thermal layers are gives a submarine a distinct tactical advantage over other submarines and surface warships. Without constant monitoring of the surrounding environment and knowing how it affects incoming signals to the different Sonar arrays, the boat is at a tactical disadvantage at best, blind at the very worst.
2. Readiness / Training - when you're out in the big pond, seconds are critical in any casualty aboard ship. Any fire, flooding, or major accident must be dealt with swiftly or the risk of slipping below crush depth is a real possibility. Trust me when I say that "Flooding in the Torpedo Room" at Test Depth is something that you never want to hear - ever.
Believe it or not, it's navigating in shallower water that presents a bigger challenge. In the big pond, unless you're actively tracking someone or the environment is such that it's acoustically blinding (e.g., thermal layers prevent contacts from being heard until you reach a shallower depth), there's not much of a worry for moving around, even at deep submergence depths. Shallower water is a bigger problem because of underwater obstacles (both charted and uncharted). It has not been uncommon for modern submarines to collide with underwater mountains.
How have submarines been used to explore the ocean?
A submarine is used to see life that lives under the depths of the ocean. How then people that go for research under the ocean can go down and come back up with full safety and invent something new that the world can use to learn more about ocean life.
WWI; Guerre de Course-Merchant Raiding aka Commerce raiding.
Since nuclear energy is used to power submarines why can't it be used for rocket engines?
Its probably because nuclear powerplants are too heavy for rockets. Though in theory nuclear powered space craft are an option. == The primary useful product of a nuclear reactor is heat. To use heat generated by a nuclear power plant to drive a conventional rocket isn't very practicle because the power to weight ratio is not very good. And when we wish to rocket ourselves out of the bottom of this gravity well, we need lots of power and minimal weight. The nuclear plant can't deliver the kind of performance that lends itself to the launch of space vehicles.
How many submarines were in the Battle of Midway?
We know one Japanese sub was there for certain; it sunk the carrier Yorktown and destroyer Hamman with one torpedo salvo.
Japan deployed about 13 submarines for the Midway operation, including the I-168, which sank Yorktown and Hamman as mentioned above. The U.S. had 19 submarines stationed on patrol lines around Midway but they had little direct impact on the battle.
because they have to withstand the pressure of the water when they go down under water.
and to keep the people safe :)
What are the names of the two US submarines that were lost at sea due to high pressure?
The two US submarines lost after their hulls were crushed were the USS Thresher and the USS Scorpion. They are SSN-593 and SSN-589, respectively.
