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Web Programming

Web Programming is the category for programming for the Internet and World Wide Web. Q&A's include coding in technologies used for Browser, applet based applications, and more.

584 Questions

What are the features of XML?

The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a general-purpose markup language. It is classified as an extensible language because it allows its users to define their own elements. Its primary purpose is to facilitate the sharing of structured data across different information systems, particularly via the Internet. It is used both to encode documents and serialize data.

XML is a framework for defining markup languages:

  • there is no fixed collction of mark up tags.
  • each XML language is targeted as its own application domain, but the language will share many features.
  • there is a common set of generic tools for processing documents.

Main features of XML:

  • XML files are text files, which can be managed by any text editor.
  • XML is very simple, because it has less than 10 syntax rules.
  • XML is extensible, because it only specifies the structural rules of tags. No specification on tags them self.

What are DHTML and ASP pages?

DHTML means the web page or web application uses JavaScript and HTML DOM (Document Object Model) and possibly CSS.

A programmer can create dynamic web pages using these technologies. For example when I move the mouse over a image link, I can change the image.

ASP and ASP.NET pages are converted to HTML by a server.

How do you enable dynamic loading in PHP?

To enable dynamic loading of extensions, set enable_dl option in php.ini to 1

What are snippert codes?

A snippet is a piece of code that has already been written for you by other developers. To save time and effort writing your own commands/functions, you can use code-snippets made by others to make your job easier.

What does the OL tag do?

The <ol> tag creates an ordered (i.e. numbered) list in HTML.

How do you spell log unto?

The term for logging in at a website is "log on to" or "log onto" (there is a slight semantic difference that is practically never observed).

What is quality program?

Quality programs are tools that allow you to improve the Quality of your product.

There are two types of quality programs.

  1. A Quality Process or Standard
  2. Quality Assurance Software

Most reputable Software Quality Assurance Tools have at least some components of a quality system or standard.

You may have heard of a Bug Tracking System. This type of software is used to manage "bugs" that usually crop up during development and even after a software was released to the public. It helps you track bugs and assign the analysis and fixing to a development team member.

There's another more advanced type of quality software that is usually referred to as Issue or change management software. I've often heard it called a Program Support Log. It's usually more robust in terms of risk analysis and should include the ability to identify areas an Issue or Change can impact should it become an incident. For this reason, it's usually more proactive than a bug tracking system.

Here is a very broad definition of a Bug:

It is something technical in nature that is either not functioning or is functioning in an unexpected manner. Not everything that is identified as 'bug' will be a technical error. It could be an inquiry on a technical matter or a request for technical support. There are three types of bugs:

  1. Support -- A request for technical help on a particular matter.
  2. Error -- A technical problem.
  3. Enhancement -- a request for a change in how something functions. This should trigger a Change Request in your organization.

A Program Support Log (Change or Issue management software) is much better at tracking and controlling unplanned events that can and in almost all cases do crop up. Things or events that can blindside you. The ability to discuss issues before they become incidents is also usually present in this type of software. There are 4 types of Incidents:

  1. A Risk is something negative that may happen.
  2. An Issue is something that has to be done but there is not a final decision on what to do.
  3. A Change Request is seeking permission for a specific course of action which will change the project's schedule, cost or functionality.
  4. A Discussion Item usually precedes a categorization of an Issue, Risk, or Change request.

I've worked in a few Software firms where they used Issue Management software to manage bugs only because it allows you to be more proactive, and brings more intelligence to the whole Quality Assurance process.

How do you add right click protection to a website?

Place this code on your website: <SCRIPT TYPE="text/javascript">

var message="Protected image can not be saved.";

function click(e) {

if (document.all) {

if (event.button 3) {

alert(message);

return false;

}

}

}

if (document.layers) {

document.captureEvents(Event.MOUSEDOWN);

}

document.onmousedown=click;

</SCRIPT>

Is ruby better than php?

It is a matter of personal preference. Each one comes with its plus and minus points. You need to choose according to your requirements, skills and preference.

How do you make a specific element have different styles than those set for its general element type?

You can counter the styles declared for the general element type. For example, if the earlier CSS declared "background-color: #FF0000;" for all "div" elements, but you want a specific "div" tag to have a different background color, you can add "background-color: #00FF00;" as a declaration to that specific "div" tag. A live example: ----

This division will be green, not red!
----

How do you write in the right side of the image in HTML?

Add float:left; to the style element of the image. All following text will flow around the image on the right side.

Are activation codes free?

Of course there not why did you think they?

What would the consequences of incorrect form validation?

The purpose of form validation is to ensure that valid data is input provided by the user of the web page.

If the data provided in the form is incorrect and used without proper validation we may end up using inconsistent data that would be of no use to us.

Let me explain with an example. Let us say you are designing a page where the user enters his details to register to use your site, you need to ensure that he enters a valid email address, telephone number etc. Let us say he enters xxyydsdf in the email text field and abcdedf in the phone number field, your form should be in a position to find it out and tell the user that the data he entered is wrong. Also our code should stop him submitting the information.

Else, on some day when the user has used the website for some malicious purpose and you need his contact information which the law enforcement authorities request, if you provide xxyydsdf as email and abcdedf as phone number it would be the worst thing that can happen to you.

What is web service who writes it and how it works?

  1. A web service is a service that is available for use over the internet. "Servers" are called such because they provide "services." Don't be confused by someone pointing at a computer and calling it a "server", strictly speaking this is incorrect even though it is a vernacular used nearly everywhere. What the person means is that computer runs server software that provides services over a network.
  2. As for who writes it, there is no definitive answer other than "the programmer/s". As there are far too many web services and programmers of them out there to discuss.
  3. Similarly for how it works, it depends on the specific service you want to discuss and since there isn't one named there are too many out there to mention.

Which tags do you know that do not need a closing tag to work?

End tags on void elements must not be used. A void element is any element that cannot have any content. The HTML 4,01/XHTML 1.0 Strict void elements are: <area>, <base>, <br>, <col>, <hr>, <img>, <input>, <link>, <meta>, and <param>. HTML5 also adds <command>, <keygen>, and <source>.

In XHTML, all void elements must be self-closing. For example:

<input type="submit" value="OK" />

In HTML 4.01, use the following instead:

<input type="submit" value="OK">

Both forms can be used in HTML5, however self-closing void elements are preferred.

The following must not be used:

<input type="submit" value="OK"></input>

Elements that normally have content (i.e., all non-void elements) must have an end tag even if they have no content.

<a id="myanchor"></a>

The following must not be used:

<a id="myanchor" /a>

HTML 4.01 allows certain non-void elements to be used without an end tag (the end tag is implied). For example, the <p> element can be used without a corresponding </p> tag:

<p>This is a paragraph.

<p>This is another paragraph.

However, do not rely on this.

Why jsp cannot be used as mvc controller instead of servlets?

Because JSPs are designed to take care of the View part of the MVC design patter and not the controller. You can have little or some amount of logic in it, but it is not designed/created with the idea of controlling the flow of control in a J2EE application.

What is the J2EE Value Object Pattern?

The Value Object pattern provides the best way to exchange data across tiers or system boundaries, especially when there is network communication involved. This is a pattern that solves performance issues around network latency

This pattern is an object that encapsulates a set of values that is moved across the boundary so that attempts to get the values of those attributes are local calls.

What is the difference between block level elements and inline elements?

In HTML, block level elements are elements that creates large blocks of content like paragraphs or page divisions. They typically are formated with a line break before and after the element. They may appear only in element and can contain other blocks as well as inline elements and text or data. Examples are:

,

,

,

,
    etc.

    Inline elements are those elements that defines text or data in the document like makes the enclosed text strongly emphasized and says the enclosed text is a quotation. They don't start new lines when you use them, and they generally only contain other inline tags and text or data. Or they include nothing at all, like the
    tag. Examples are ,

, , , etc.

An important thing to keep in mind while using inline elements is that formating of inline elements is different from block element. You cannot specify the width, height, max-width, max-height, min-width & min-height of an inline element.

It is worth mentioning that you can change the type of inline element or block level element by using any of the following CSS property:

display: block; (To convert an inline element to block element)

display: inline; (To convert block element to an inline element)

What is diamond problem in oop inheritance?

The diamond problem in object-oriented programming occurs in languages that support multiple inheritance, where a class inherits from two classes that both descend from a common superclass. This creates ambiguity as to which version of the superclass's methods or properties should be inherited by the subclass. For example, if class A has subclasses B and C, and class D inherits from both B and C, it becomes unclear whether D should use the implementation from B or C when accessing methods from A. To resolve this, some languages implement specific rules or mechanisms, like method resolution order (MRO) or virtual inheritance.

Is basefont tag an empty tag?

No.

The <basefont> tag specifies the default font for text on page.

Example usage:-

<head>

<basefont face="courier, serif" size="5" color="red">

</head>

IMPORTANT: the <basefont> tag is no longer supported (since HTML5). It is still supported by Internet Explorer 9 and earlier versions but, regardless, you should be using CSS for style and HTML for content, never HTML for both style and content.

What basics do you need to know to be a webmaster of a small site?

A very basic, but still decent, website would include "HTML" and "CSS". HTML creates the page. It outputs the words onto the screen, and organizes things into tables and divisions (When you get more advanced). CSS takes the HTML and makes everything look better, and more decent. It colors certain things, aligns a web page, and more. These are the building blocks of web design. Many other dynamic languages await, but they require HTML + CSS. You can learn HTML and CSS, and more, at w3schools, absolutely free - No strings attatched. [ http://www.w3schools.com/ ]