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Biochemistry
Biochemistry is the study of the structure, composition and chemical processes in all living organisms. It covers the structures and functions of various cellular components, including proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and other biomolecules.
8,065 Questions
What are poor ecological practices?
Practices that are unnecessarily harmful to the environment. An example of this, that was widespread in the world, and practiced for many years: Dumping raw sewage into the nation's aquifers.
Is suspension colloid solution or compound smaller?
Suspension is typically made up of larger particles (greater than 1000 nm) that are dispersed in a liquid. In contrast, a colloid solution consists of particles that are intermediate in size between a suspension and a true solution (1-1000 nm). Therefore, the particles in a suspension are generally larger than those in a colloid solution.
What are the functions of Erlenmeyer flask?
Erlenmeyer flasks are commonly used in laboratories for holding, mixing, and heating liquids. They have a conical shape that allows for swirling without spilling, making them ideal for titrations and other experiments where mixing is required. Erlenmeyer flasks also have a narrow neck that can accommodate rubber stoppers or tubing for airtight reactions or distillations.
Growth hormone, secreted by the Pituitary gland, most actively in childhood. In adulthood, the secretion would lead to a 'selective' growth, meaning only certain body parts will enlarge (hands, feet, jaw, for example). That condition is called 'Acromegaly'.
More information in related links.
What does the tertiary structure of a protein tell you about the protein?
The tertiary structure of a protein provides information about how its secondary structural elements (such as alpha helices and beta sheets) are arranged in three dimensions to form a functional protein. It also reveals the specific interactions between amino acid residues and the overall 3D shape of the protein, which are crucial for its function. Additionally, the tertiary structure can give insight into the protein's stability, ligand binding sites, and biological activity.
What is the example of an imino acid?
Alpha-imino-glutaric acid. The imino stands for a C=N double bond.
We have to clearly understand the concept that enzymes are actually, chemically proteins. There are enzymes that are involved in proteins production (peptidyl synthetase), lipid or nucleic acid formation. So a protein can help in forming other protein or enzymes. Most important thing is, all proteins are coded in DNA.
What happens if cooked potato starch in water with iodine is ingested?
Iodine reacts with starch to produce a blue-black color, so ingesting cooked potato starch in water with iodine is unlikely to cause any harm. The body cannot digest starch in its raw form, but the cooked starch may be broken down by digestive enzymes in the body to release glucose for energy. If large amounts are ingested, it may cause digestive issues like bloating or gas.
Amino acids with positively charged side chains, such as lysine, arginine, and histidine, would make the overall charge of a polypeptide more positive when incorporated into the polypeptide chain. These amino acids have side chains that can interact with negatively charged groups, leading to a net positive charge in the polypeptide.
What are called fatty acid esters of glycerol?
Fatty acid esters of glycerol are commonly known as fats or triglycerides. They are composed of three fatty acid molecules joined to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Fats serve as a major energy source for the body and are essential for various physiological functions.
What is the difference between public heath nutrition and clinical nutrition?
Clinical nutrition is dealing with patients that tend to have diseases that need specific diet inorder for their health not to detoriate or for the disease symptoms to get worse...
for example..there are special diets for people who have diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, liver diseases and they sometimes just give a diet for overweight or obese people to lose weight as they might be at risk of developing chronic diseases..
as for the public health nutiriton its kind of similar but also has its differences...
it is also contributing for a better health and wellbeing but not on an individual level but on community level...
they tend to work in schools, home centers, public facilities and so on and help these settings on raising awareness on the importance of nutrition related issues..
What colour tube is used for amh testing?
The color tube used for AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) testing is typically a red or gold top tube, which indicates it is for serum testing. It is recommended to follow the specific instructions provided by the laboratory where the testing will be done.
What is the meaning and the unit of Vmax?
Vmax, or maximum velocity, is a parameter used to describe enzyme kinetics. It represents the maximum rate of reaction that an enzyme can achieve when it is saturated with substrate. The unit of Vmax is typically expressed as amount of substrate converted or product formed per unit time (e.g., μmol/min).
What effect does trisomy-21 have?
Trisomy-21, also known as Down syndrome, is characterized by developmental delays, distinct facial features, and intellectual disabilities. Individuals with trisomy-21 may also have heart defects, gastrointestinal issues, and an increased risk of certain medical conditions such as leukemia. Early intervention and support services can help improve quality of life for individuals with Down syndrome.
Is tyrosine simple amino acid?
Yes, tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid that is synthesized in the body from another amino acid called phenylalanine. It plays a key role in protein synthesis and is a precursor for important neurotransmitters and hormones.
What are the promises and concerns for chemistry for human welfare?
2011 was officially designated the "International Year of Chemistry" by the United Nations to commemorate the achievements of chemistry and its contributions to Mankind. I thought i would present my 1 Minute Take on the topic "Chemistry for Human Welfare."
"It is impossible to deny that Chemistry has played a major part in determining the nature of the modern world." - Linus Pauling, Double Nobel Laureate.
Chemistry is the study of Matter itself. The strides taken by Humans in the two millennia have a close connection with every science, Chemistry included.
Before coming to the pros and cons of Chemistry and its usefulness for Modern Humanity, I would like to first talk on the evolution of Chemistry throughout the ages. The first Human contact with Chemistry came by accident. When man struck two stones together, it produced mysterious sparks. These sparks could be transferred to wood to create a wondrous flame. The earliest chemical reaction was Fire - a mystical force to the prehistoric man.
The second thing that inspired man to inquire about the nature of matter was nature itself. How can Water be both a gas and a liquid? How do different flowers have different colours? Why do things give off a smell?
The stage for modern chemistry was set, however, surprisingly, by Alchemy. The search for the "Elixir" of life - The Philosopher's Stone involved experiments and maintaining records - a central part of Chemistry today!
After this, it was a matter of centuries before chemical concepts were explained, the Atomic theory was proven and the known elements were established, all by scientific method. It was then that a vast world of practical applications of chemistry was envisioned. New fibres, medicines, the X-Ray Machine, new methods for the mining industry, improved fertilizers for the agro industry, Electricity, computers and Nuclear Power.
Whatever are the promises from Chemistry, it is VERY evident that the list of benefits from the field of Chemistry are growing exponentially everyday. In his famous 1960 lecture, "There's Plenty of Room At the Bottom", Nobel Laureate Richard Feynman visioned a future of Atomic machines and Nanotechnology. His visions have today transpired into many practical applications, mostly benefiting the medicine industry. There are N number of fields where chemistry is being used. Some of them are: Medicine, Biology, Rocketry, Ballooning, in the Kitchen, Geology, Astrophysics, Computer Science, Nuclear Power, Nanotechnology, Agriculture, Manufacturing Industry, Television and Media and much much more.
The Periodic Table, labelled as "The Single Most beautiful Chart in the History of Humanity" helps as a starting point for all of chemistry. Having seen the promises, the very fact that every good thing has a bad side to it gives rise to the question, "What are the Concerns?" In fact, there ARE concerns.
The biggest concern is a person using chemistry for negative means. Basically, the amount of energy is constituent atoms, which can help build things, help destroy things faster. I will outline 3 principal concerns below:
The first one is the obvious one - Nuclear Power. There are two basic nuclear reactions: Fission and Fusion, involving breaking up or fusing of atomic nuclei. When nuclei fuse or break apart, they turn into other elements, giving out Energy. This can be related to Einstein's famous equation where the "Mass" from the nuclei is converted into pure "Energy." This principle can be used to power a generator to produce, in a sense, a LOT of electricity. But a fateful day in Japan, 1945 reminds us the vicious power of Nuclear Fission, where the Atomic Bomb, caused devastation, and still affects the area today. Also, incidents at Chernobyl and more recently, the Fukushima nuclear meltdown tell us that if not controlled, the vicious energy can destroy the entire planet.
My own take on the Nuclear theme is - Right now, we are at the brink of mastering Fusion Power - although complete mastery is still decades away. After Nuclear Fission is mastered, we may 'export' the Sun to Earth and start a Nuclear Fusion reactor. Nuclear Fusion is far better than Fission, and also does not produce waste by-products. So, until we master Nuclear Fusion, this is an intermediate step.
The second one is - Biological Terror Attacks. Although the name tells us its got something to do with Biology and Diseases, but advances in chemistry can mean terrorists deliberately spreading toxins, harmful gases, viruses and likewise among the masses. The 2001 US Anthrax attacks, where letters were laced with infectious material, are a prime example.
The third is the hot issue - found everywhere in science - Global Warming. The CFCs, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide were all, in the respective eras, were found as solutions to certain problems. The Greenhouse Effect, a beneficial natural cycle, due to over'grazing' of industries and careless waste disposal techniques, is turning the planet into a death chamber. The Ozone 'Hole' above Antarctica is the cause of ice melting in polar regions, and due to the gaping hole, harmful radiations from the Sun are permeating Earth's atmosphere. One day, our planet may look like distant Mars. The solution for this, however, may lie, ironically, in Chemistry. Better techniques to flush out the CO2 may be developed, and the new field of 'Bioplastics' may yield a biodegradable plastic.
All in All, the Pros of Chemistry far outweigh the cons. The only thing that researchers have to care of is, misusing chemical power.
I know, this post was more of an essay, than a one-minute take, but I just got crazy and wrote everything that came to my mind down. If you find any mistakes, do comment below. Also, if you have any questions, please comment below, I'll try my best answering them :). Thanks.
Atharv Joshi
The centrifuge was not discovered by a single individual. It is a machine that has been developed over time by various scientists and engineers. One of the early developers of the centrifuge was Antoine Lavoisier in the late 18th century.
How do you make human saliva in the lab?
Human saliva can be collected from volunteers for research purposes by asking them to spit into a sterile container. Alternatively, artificial saliva can be made by mixing components like water, mucin, electrolytes, and enzymes in specific concentrations to mimic natural saliva. This artificial saliva can be used for studies on oral health or drug delivery.
Why is it important that an enzyme is stabilised?
it is important that an enzyme is stabilized because...
a) the enzyme reduces the energy required to reach the highest energy of the reaction
b) therefore the reduction of activation energy increases the number of reactant molecules with enough energy to reach the activation energy and form the product.
c) the enzymes can collide faster with the substrate (also known as lock and key)
What is captured by the chemical ribulose bisphosphate?
Ribulose bisphosphate captures carbon dioxide molecules in the process of carbon fixation during photosynthesis. It is a key molecule in the Calvin cycle, where it combines with carbon dioxide to form an unstable six-carbon compound that eventually leads to the production of sugars.
Where can you find protein supplements online?
You can find protein supplements online on websites such as Amazon, Bodybuilding.com, GNC, and The Vitamin Shoppe. It's important to research and read reviews to ensure you are purchasing a quality product from a reputable source.
How many atoms in a nucleic acid?
DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids. As there is no limit to the number of nucleotides in either the number of atoms in either is also unlimited.
What are the benefits of drinking protein shakes?
Protein in general is similar to fiber in that it keeps you fuller longer, as well as makes you stronger. Drinking protein shakes will help by inproving your immune system and keeping you full so that you won't need to eat as much.
Why is glycolysis useful to aerobic respiration?
Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH in the process. The pyruvate generated from glycolysis enters the citric acid cycle, a key step in aerobic respiration where further ATP is produced. Therefore, glycolysis serves as the initial step in aerobic respiration by providing substrates for the later stages that ultimately generate more ATP.
