Syria

The majority of the population in Egypt is ethnically Arab, with a significant presence of Berbers and Nubians. In Saudi Arabia, the predominant ethnic group is also Arab, with various regional tribal affiliations. Syria's ethnic makeup is diverse, primarily consisting of Arabs, along with Kurds, Assyrians, and other minority groups. Overall, these countries share a common Arab identity, but each has its unique ethnic composition.

This would be the Lake Atatürk Dam, which was built by Turkey.

There is no single group opposing Assad; there are numerous such groups and this comes from the fractured nature of the Syrian resistance.

Initially, the Arab Spring protests which has uprooted the regimes in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and threatened to uproot those in other countries migrated to Syria. The values that undergirded the original Arab Spring in Syria included campaigning for more democracy, developing economic self-sufficiency and equality, freedom to criticize the government, unified Syrian citizenship (as opposed to ethnic and religious loyalties), and transparent government. After a few weeks, the regime decided to open fire on the protesters, thus leading to open conflict. As a result, the Arab Spring values have fallen by the wayside as the conflict has escalated and continues to escalate. Currently over 200,000 people have died.

Syrian Civil War
As a result of the Assad Regime militarily attacking the protesters, a number of those protesters took to arms and began a rebel campaign to overthrow Assad. In this chaos, al-Qaeda of Iraq crossed the border into Syria and founded Islamic State and the Syrian Kurds declared independence. To further clarify, in the Syrian Civil War currently, there are currently four sides:

1. Government of Syria: Bashar al-Assad and the Government of Syria come from the Alawite minority which was historically discriminated against because their religion is a post-Islamic religion (even though Iran has "certified them" to be part of Twelver Shiite Islam). As a result, they do not want to cede power to the Sunni majority who will likely discriminate against them again as they had in the past. In contrast to most ethnic conflicts in the Middle East, many other Syrian minorities such as the Christians and Druze (another post-Islamic Religion) and the Shiite Muslims in Syria have thrown their weight behind Bashar al-Assad and the Alawites, preferring moderate Alawite discrimination to possible Islamic fundamentalism. They fear worse will come under Sunni-dominated rule, especially since while Assad was Secular, his opposition was Islamist and will likely rule harshly over non-Sunni religious groups.

The Government of Syria is currently supported by Iran and Russia and controls most of Syria.

2. Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL): ISIL is an extremist Sunni Islamist organization which used to have links to al-Qaeda before al-Qaeda condemned them for their barbarity. They are fighting to bring the Sunni majority into power, especially in Sunni majority regions of both Syria and Iraq, and impose a more fundamentalist view on politics. They consider themselves to be fighting the injustices and violence of the current Assad regime and the inequalities of the US-supported Government of Iraq. ISIL is primarily supported and armed by Saudi Arabia, but the US and UK have indirectly given ISIL millions of dollars and equipment since US and UK military vehicles and assets left to the Government of Iraq have fallen into ISIL hands (especially with the fall of Mosul). They also see Alawites as being unfit to rule because they are not true Muslims and according to their reading of Qur'anic Verse 3:28 (cited below), no non-Muslim should have power over Muslims. Considering that Sunnis are the majority of the country, they do not understand why the minority Alawites and their Druze, Christian, and Shiite allies should dictate policy.

ISIL controls significant amounts of land in Syria and Iraq and conquered much of its Iraqi territory in June 2014.

3. Kurds and the Peshmerga: The Kurds, a Sunni ethnic minority (as opposed to a religious minority), are primarily concerned with protecting their minority in northern Iraq and Syria. Syrian Kurdistan (YPG) is the name of their de facto independent polity and the Peshmerga is the name of the militias that fight on behalf of that authority. The Syrian Kurds are increasingly under attack by ISIL and Western bombing campaigns and funds have helped balance the equation. While both Iraqi Kurds and Syrian Kurds support the idea of Kurdish unity, there have been difficulties uniting all of the Kurds under one banner.

Iraqi Kurds control areas in Iraq and Syrian Kurds control areas in Syria. Iraqi Kurdistan has helped and supported their Kurdish brothers across the border.

4. Free Syrian Army: The Rebels of Syria split between those who were more Islamist in their outlook and joined with ISIL (above) and those who are more liberal in their outlook and are considered to be interested in democracy. The Free Syrian Army is composed of those more liberal rebels, but they are weaker in the overall struggle than both the Syrian Government and ISIL. They are fighting to bring the Sunni majority into power and consider themselves to be fighting the injustices and violence of the current Assad regime and the atrocities of his father, including the Hama Massacre of 1982 which may have claimed as many as 40,000 civilian lives. Considering that Sunnis are the majority of the country, they do not understand why the minority Alawites and their Druze, Christian, and Shiite allies should dictate policy.

The Sunni Islamist factions (more strongly ideologically aligned with ISIL) are primarily supported and armed by Qatar and Saudi Arabia while the Democratic Pretenders are armed by the United States. The Sunni Islamist factions, especially Jubhat an-Nusra (the Al-Nusra Front), have met with much more military success than the more democratic groups in the Free Syrian Army.

A Camel

The Free Syrian Army (FSA) aims to overthrow the Assad regime in Syria and establish a democratic government that represents the diverse interests of the Syrian people. They seek to end the ongoing civil war, restore stability, and ensure human rights and freedoms. Additionally, the FSA has expressed a desire for international support to help achieve these goals and protect civilians from violence and oppression.

The Free Syrian Army (FSA) has a number of hurdles to overcome in order to make itself viable in both US diplomatic circles as well as in other Western governments. The most prominent three are:

1) Lack of Coherent Future-Vision and Unity: The Free Syrian Army is a motley crew of various different militias that all foresee different futures for Syria. These militias operate separately with minimal communication between them. Some want a more secular democracy, some want a theocratic Islamist dictatorship (along the same lines, but slightly different from Islamic State), and numerous others want something in the middle, like an Islamist republic (a la Erdoganist Turkey) or a democracy without countermajoritarian protections (such as mob rule). Contrary to the Kurds, the Assad Regime, or Islamic State, the FSA fighters are not unified militarily or ideologically. Many Western countries, especially the United States, do not want to support any groups other than those who believe in secular democracy, but cannot identify which ones those are.

Additionally, in the past, the US caught too late that among the rebel groups that it was aiding was Jubhat an-Nusra or al-Qaeda Syria, which had vastly negative consequences in the American public memory.

2) Lack of Victories: Simply, the FSA has had very few military victories. It does not make sense to support a group that cannot make successful territorial advances. The investment is less likely to pan out positively.

3) Lack of Historic Alliances: The Assad Regime has historic alliances with Russia for naval bases and with Iran for political issues. The Free Syrian Army has no similar alliances nor has it made any pledges or incentives for foreign powers to support it.

As a result, in order for US to take the FSA seriously, they need to unite behind a coherent future-vision of secular democracy, begin to actually emerge victorious from a few battles, and assert that they will respect or support the kinds of alliances that the Assad Regime had promised to support.

no Isis is a terrorist group

ISIL is an insurgent group operating in Syrian and Iraqi territory. When people say "Syria" today, they are usually referring to the Syrian Regime, which is led by Bashar al-Assad and controls a significant portion of the Syria which ISIL has not yet overrun.

A flight from Syria to London is 4 hours and 43 minutes approximately.

It is an approximation because factors such as weather could cause delay.

At this time there is extra security in place for flights returning from the Middle East due to the threat of the uncivilised and barbaric ISIS. NATO (including UK) air patrols have been stepped up and extra security precautions are being made at airports such as national security checks to ensure returning passengers were not part of ISIS.

There was one group that led a successful rebellion against Syrian rule. The one group that did this was called Maccabees.

Nothing, as the question is written.

Syria, Palestine, and Iraq were mandates/proto-states that were carved out of the Ottoman-controlled Middle East as a result of Sykes-Picot Agreement during World War I and were only realized in the Treaty of Versailles after World War I. As as a result, there was nothing to promise non-existent entities.

What the question is likely intending to ask is "What was promised to the Arabs concerning the regions that would become Syria, Palestine, and Iraq during World War I?" -- If that is the case, please see the Related Link below.

There are numerous acts that the US government claims that Syria has done. The most important one is that the US officials believe that the Syrian government forces have used chemical weapons on Syrian citizens.

It is neither of those three.

Syria is a Republican Dictatorship, which is to say that Syria has the general laws and procedures that make it a republic (such as a President, a Congress, etc.) but whose rulers are not elected, even though they should be. Syria has been under martial law from 1967-Present.

People in Syria are Syrian.

No. OPEC members are Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Venezuela, in alphabetical order.

Damascus

It is impossible to say what was the first animal discovered in any area. Such things happened before recorded history

It does not affect Australia directly. There is however one danger that Australia shares with a number of other countries: Syria's civil war attracts a quite considerable number of young Muslims living elsewhere, who want to join any of the rebel groups. There is a risk that fighting there will radicalize them, while at the same time they are learning to use bombs, guns and maybe even chemical weapons. If they return to their country of origin, Australia or elsewhere, that country may have a number of battle-hardened radical Muslim fighters on its hands.

Syrians don't need a visa to enter Malaysia.

jedward

In Syrian Arabic, you can say "تصبح على خير" (Tisbah 'ala khair) for "goodnight." This phrase is commonly used to wish someone a good night. Another informal way to say goodnight is "ليلة سعيدة" (Layla sa'ida), which means "happy night."

Ottoman Empire