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Ancient Greece
The ancient greek civilization starts around 3200 BC with the Cycladic civilization [followed by the Minoan (2700 BC) and the Mycenean civilization (1600 BC)] and flourished from the 7th century BC to the 2nd century AD, especially in the 5th century BC with the city-states of Athens and Sparta.
10,833 Questions
What influences did the ancient Greek have in early America?
Two thousand years later? Not at all.
The American military was initially influenced in the 18th Century by its European allies and enemies - Britain and France.
In World War 1 they were trained in Britain and France by the British, Australian and Canadian armies.
How did city states in Greece develop?
A town was built in the middle of an agricultural area, often on the coast with a port. The town developed and became the centre of political, commercial and social life and was walled as protection to which the farmers could tae refuge in times of threat.
When the Spartans needed to expand they did what?
I think they conquered neighboring land. Hope that helps :)
How did Greek culture still influence our lives today?
The ancient Greeks still influence us today by giving us their ideas of trial by jury, Greek myths, Democracy, tragedy and comedy, theater, the Olympics, marathons, architecture, and an alphabet with vowels.
Feel free to expand on my list.
Where did the slaves come from?
This question is difficult, because Africa during the slave trade did not have the same borders as today, or even have "countries". Also, much of the slave trade was illegal smuggling without records. However, colonial records do give us a rough idea. According to the table below, Nigeria and Angola were the source for most slaves in Virginia and South Carolina. However, the slaves could have been taken far inland and traded to the coasts. Note also that the two colonies got slaves from different sources. Other colonies probably also had different relations with companies and ships and therefore different sources. When African tribes and nations were at peace, they produced few slaves. When there were a lot of wars in an area, more slaves came from that area. In general, it is safe to say that U.S. slaves came from West Africa, mainly Nigeria, Ghana, Angola, Senegambia, and Congo.
Place of Origin
Virginia
1710-1769
South Carolina
1733-1807
Senegambia 14.9 % 19.5 % Sierra Leone 5.3 % 6.8 % Windward Coast
(Ivory Coast) 6.3 % 16.3 % Gold Coast
(Ghana) 16.0 % 13.3 % Bight of Benin
(Nigeria) -- -- 1.6 % Bight of Biafra
(Nigeria) 37.7 % 2.1 % Angola
(Congo too?) 15.7 % 39.6 % Mozambique/
Madagascar 4.1 % 0.7 % Source: P. C. Curtin, The Atlantic Slave Trade: A Census (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1969), p. 157.
Aesop never wrote down any of the tales himself; he merely recited them orally. The first recorded mention of his life came about a hundred years after he died, in a work by the eminent Greek historian Herodotus, who noted that he was a slave of one Iadmon of Samos and died at Delphi. In the first century C.E., Plutarch, another Greek historian, also speculated on Aesop's origins and life. Plutarch placed Aesop at the court of immensely weighty Croesus, the king of Lydia (now northwestern Turkey). A source from Egypt dating back to this same century also described Aesop as a slave from the Aegean island of Samos, near the Turkish mainland. The source claims that after he was released from bondage he went to Babylon. Aesop has also been referred to as Phrygian, pointing to origins in central Turkey settled by Balkan tribes around 1200 B.C.E. They spoke an Indo-European language and their communities were regularly raided for slaves to serve in Greece.
The Persian king Darius decided to invade Greece because?
He didn't invade Greece - he sent a punitive expedition against Athens and Eretria, both of which had supported the uprising of Miletus in Asia Minor against Persian rule. In the process, the Athenian and Eretrian forces had burnt the provincial Persian capital of Sardis. After the partial failure of this punitive expedition of 490 BCE against Eretria (captured, inhabitants enslaved) and Athens (turned back at Marathon), Darius determined to bring mainland Greece within his empire. As the mainland cities had been supporting revolts by other Greek cities within his empire (not only Athens and Eretria), he thought that, by absorbing mainland Greece, he would establish an ethnic frontier in the west. He therefore determined to bring whatever cities he could under his rule peacefully (by bribes, and promise to make a faction in a city to be rulers under his rule, ie puppets). Those who resisted would be captured, and puppet rulers imposed on them. He was temporarily diverted by an uprising in Egypt, and then died without launching the expedition. His son Xerxes began to carry it out in 480 BCE.
How did the roman empire weaken after 180 BCE?
In the army, discipline and loyalty had collapsed. Soldiers gave their loyalty not to Rome but to their commander, who fought among themselves for the throne. To defend against the increasing threats to the empire, the government began to recruit mercenaries, foreign soldiers who fought for money. While mercenaries would accept lower pays than Roman, they felt little sense of loyalty to the Empire.
What were the Ancient Greeks famous for?
Greece is located in Southeastern Europe and has its roots in the ancient Greece civilization. Greece is well known for its philosophical and democratic background. Let us have a quick look at some famous things in Greece:
- Greece is famous for its beautiful buildings.
- Greece is famous for its historical buildings.
- Poets like Homer are famous in Greece.
- Odyssey written by Homer is famous in Greece.
- Greece is famous for its philosophical background.
- Greece is famous for its knowledge of astronomy.
- Greece is famous for its mythology.
- Souvlaki is the famous food in Greece
What types of armies where in ancient greece?
Hoplites - These were soldiers who had a long spear, 8 to 12 feet long, used for a thrusting tactic. These made up the backbone of all Greek armies, many Hoplites were Greek citizens, who were free, who had decided to join the army. There were also mercenary Hoplites later when Alexander the Great was conquering Asia Minor to defeat the Persians.
Macedonian Phalangites - The following type is a Macedonian hoplite. Philip of Macedonia changed the style of the hoplite to fit his own needs. Philip needed a cheap and easy way to get a Hoplite. He needed it to fight hand to hand like a Phalanx. And for it to be cheap and made up of peasants and maybe middle-class Macedonians. He had to pay for this personally, not like some other infantrymen who paid for their armor.
Ekdromoi - The northern Greeks developed a type of Hoplite which wore less armor called an Ekdromoi. However, at first these hoplites were not wide spread and the Greek military did not change that much. But at the end of the Persian war and the Peloponnesian war this type of hoplite became very wide spread. They would carry javelins and some would become mercenaries. These hoplites themselves started to change. They had lighter armor, wider shields, and more practical helmets.
Ifkratican Hoplite - After the Peloponnesian War drew to an end in 404 B.C. and Thebes' rise to power in 371 B.C. a few changes appeared and they were aimed at Greek hoplites. During this time a new type of hoplite appeared which was called the Ifkratican hoplite. The changes to hoplites these hoplites made were so radical that you could not recognize it as a normal hoplite after. The generals of these hoplites changed the outfit so they had more of an advantage when fighting a peltast. This hoplite had superior weapons and armor, but he was slower on the battlefield due to this. So the leaders changed the design so they were not so slow.
Theban Sacred Band - This was a group of picked individuals, about 150. They were picked to form an elite army in the 4th century BC. They were a crucial role when the Greeks had to fight a Macedonian invasion. They were organized by the Theban commander Gorgidas. But they were annihilated in 338 BC by Philip II of Macedonia.
Spartan Hoplites - The Spartan hoplites were recognized more than any other hoplite. The Spartan hoplites had years of training to become the perfect soldiers. Spartan hoplites are recognized for their invention of the Phalanx formation, a deadly formation to kill many enemy soldiers. The Spartans once had to fight an entire army of Persians with only 300 soldiers. The Spartans were able to defend for a number of days. The Spartans were able to deflect Persian arrows with their shields. The Persians claimed to have so many arrows they could block out the sun. The Spartans did not fear dying, dying was actually the greatest honor for a Spartan.
The Spartans wore a red cloak, and the Spartan symbol on their hoplon (shield), they had a helmet and it was common for a Spartan to have long hair. The Spartans had some of the greatest willpower and equipment.
Athenian Hoplite - These would carry a shield with a crest on it representing a clan, or tribe etc. They would carry a long spear, 2 to 3 meters long with a leaf shaped iron blade and a pointed iron butt. Their sword would be about 60cm in length and would be double edged, also leaf shaped. They would have a helmet of Corinthian type, the face would be enclosed by large cheek and nose guards. They would have a dyed horse hair strip on their helmet.
They would sometimes wear greaves, these would be bronze and would protect the shin, they would be flexible enough to clip on and off. They would have a shield, between 80 cm and 1 meter in diameter. It would have a wooden core and a leather lining, also a hand grip. The Athenian army was a city-militia in which every fit man was obliged to serve. About a third of the Athenian army were farmers. You were ranked upon your wealth in this army. Some of the soldiers were rich enough to afford proper equipment for the army. The armor was expensive, so it was passed down the family line of soldiers and only replaced when necessary.
Militia - These were people who could join the army at any stage and were part time units. Most of the Spartan army was made up of these part time soldiers who simply grabbed a weapon to fight the enemy at anytime. These could be from slaves to citizens. They were very cheap and easy to get.
Hoplite Phalanx - These were elite Hoplites who carried the normal shields and spears of the hoplite. However, the Hoplites in this elite group could attack the enemy in the Phalanx formation, this was deadly to all melee units. The Phalanx wore more and elite armor than the Hoplites. Deadly groups of the Phalanx such as the Theban sacred band were dreaded among cavalry.
Toxetes - These were archers. These archers were simple archers, just like any other archers. The archers would be good at fighting other footmen such as the Hoplites. And the Toxetes were the main archers in the Greek army.
Gastraphetes - These were ranged units armed with a crossbow. They were extremely good at attacking units from a distance and could be used to attack buildings, like a mini siege engine. Their crossbow was very powerful. This type of unit was good at attacking infantry.
Peltasts- These were men who threw javelins to counteract enemy archers such as the toxetes. They were not good at fighting anything else but other archers. The Peltasts were effective against ranged units. Peltasts were lightly armored soldiers who had no armor except for their helmet. Their main job was to protect the flanks of the Hoplites. They would usually have about 7 javelins to throw. They were also armed with a long spear. They would carry an oval shaped shield as well.
Skirmishers - These were people who either had slings, arrows or javelins. The skirmishers were like archers. The skirmishers were very light infantry who had no armor. They were very quick around the battlefield. Skirmishers could be people too poor to afford proper armor.
Psiloi - These were missile troops who had no armor. They were equipped with a bow, a sling, or a javelin.The Psiloi rarely carried shields. Psiloi fought in an extended open order.Their job on the battlefield was to skirmish with the enemy ahead of the main clash. Psiloi were citizens just like the Hoplites, though they were two poor to afford a normal shield.
Myrmidon - These were infantrymen similar to the Hoplite, though they were armed with a sword and shield. This was an elite unit that was heavily armored. Unlike most Greek soldiers, it depends where you went in Greece to see this soldier or not. It is a melee unit good against cavalry.
Prodromos - This was a Greek soldier good at killing other Greek cavalry. It was quick and was armed with a spear to reach out and lunge at the enemy. This is yet another example of a counter-unit.
Kataskopos - This is the name given to scouts. The Greeks called the Roman scouts Kataskopos before the Roman conquest. This cavalry was lightly armed and was a poor fighter as it had no weapons or armor. But it was quick and could easily get messages and scout around a lot during a battle. This type of unit was not intended to be used in battle.
Cataphract - Not widely used until much much later. The Seleucid Empire was a faction in these times that had Cataphracts. A cataphract was a heavily armed horseman that was dreaded. The horse, and man would be armed. They would carry a shield and a lance. They could completely turn the tide of a battle for the losing side. They were dreaded and the impact they made could make enemies run to the hills.
Hetairoi - This is a type of Greek cavalry that was also used for scouting, it was fast, yet had armor. These were said to have been the cavalry of Poseidon, the god of the sea. These cavalry are seen mainly to be a normal cavalry unit like the Hippikon.
Hippikon - This was a Greek cavalry soldier. It was armed with a shield and a sword. It was the main cavalry in the Greek army. The Hippikons did not come into the Greek army until a lot later as the Greek cavalry before the Hippikons came was made up of mainly the Kataskopos.
Hamippos - Like the Kataskopos, these were men who were lightly armed. But this type was intended to battle. It was a unit that was good at attacking other enemy cavalry. These were infantry armed with a simple sword that were good at quickly chasing enemy cavalry and maybe catching them off guard.
Petrobolos - This was Greek catapult good for attacking enemy cities. It was designed like a mangonel and was good at hurling rocks at the enemy city. These were rarely used in battles, they were only used when attacking an enemy city.
Helepolis - This was the Greek version of the siege tower. This was designed to carry men and to hurl ballistic missiles at the enemy city. It had spikes at the bottom to stop enemies from creeping inside. The most famous use of this would be during the Trojan war when a Helepolis type siege weapon was built to get inside Troy.
The soldiers wore breastplates, a bronze helmet, and greaves to protect their shins. Their shields would be packed away until they were needed. The Greeks invented lots of counters to their own infantry as the Greeks were divided into many cities. There was no country known as 'Greece' in ancient times. The Greek cities would fight among each other.
But the Greeks would sometimes gang up on another country, as seen when Macedonia tried to invade Greece, and the same case with Persia. The Greeks, when fighting, would need counters to their own units as many of the Greeks had the same types of soldiers, because during the Bronze age the whole of Greece was under one kingdom.
The Greek army would consist of mainly citizens who wanted to fight, sometimes people would be forced into the army. The wide range of Greek soldiers was effective against neighboring factions, but was easily overcome by the Romans during their conquest of Greece.
Aesop's Fables are said to have been written in ancient Greece by Aesop, a slave. The dates of his birth and death are usually given as 620-560 BC.
His name is pronounced EE-sup, with EE as in "Easter" and sup as in "supper". It can also be pronounced as EE-sop, with sop as in "sopping wet"
Who could compete in the Olympics?
when the world war began
manny fakeman is the super duper perfect people in the world
he jump at the 3inch that people cannot do
he can drink 1ml of water at 24 hours that people cannot do
when the presedent of united states of africa who name mark first igelman noynoypinoy mirundo estina tormani celintina stormina valentina de alfonso velasqez munda perma torling the 3rd
accepted the macho men menny fakeman of the year 6006
What kind of government was established in ancient Greece?
Athens' government changed over time.
Up until 508/7, Athens was a tyranny.
Cleisthenes introduced democracy but Athens then became an Oligarchy under the aristocrats who led the city to ward off the Persian invasion.
460 CE Ephialtes reintroduced democracy, was assassinated for this, and his deputy Pericles took over to complete Athenian democracy. It was a direct democracy by the people, unlike the representative democracy of today.
Then it was conquered by Alexander and etcetera etcetera.
What kind of work did the caste people do in India?
they had three main job with other sub jobs. their three main jobs were consist in:
1. to eat
2. to sleep
3. to excrete the eaten. (going bathroom)
When did the battle of marathon happen?
We don't seem to know. There was sufficient time for them to fight a 'long drawn out battle' (Herodotos), fight over the departing Persian ships, and then reform and run in full armour the 26 miles over the hills to Athens in time to form up in front of the city to meet the Persian fleet which had rowed around the peninsula to land the cavalry to attack Athens with the expectation that the pro-Persian party inside would open the gates for them.
So it musta started pretty early. And try running the marathon loaded down with armour , shield and weapons, after already running a mile into battle in the first place and fighting for several hours. A tough lot. Today's marathon runners get it easy.
When did ancient greek became a dead language?
Ancient Greek was declared a dead language by a king who decided that the language's perfection should not be sullied and altered by everyday usage as other languages change through use. Thus people could read and learn it, but were generally forbidden creating new Ancient Greek works and speaking it in an everyday fashion.
What was the job of priest in ancient Greece?
Like priests in Chistianity, they acted as living links between Earth and the spiritual world. They accepted prayers, offerings, and sacrifices on behalf of their respective gods, kept the temples clean and sacred, and many were also considered oracles. They offered advice generally, but oracles were believed to see the future, and they're importance is illustrated all throughout mythology. U could ask the oracle anything abt the future and they would answer, but never a straight answer, usually in riddles and vague generalizations.
Oedipus' fate was foretold by an oracle, and the moral of that story was not to attempt to dodge fate by cheating and in vain.
The oracle at Delphi was the most popular, but it turns out there r plants and gases in that location that would have been intoxicating to the oracles of Delphi. Ancient greeks probably thought the oracles were chosen by Apollo and that explained the mindless psychobabbling of the ranting oracles, but in reality we'll never know if that's true, or if Ancient Greek prophesies and religion orbitted around a stoned priest or one desenting into madness from overexposure to the elements
In what year did Athens become a democracy?
In 507 BCE Athens was converted into a limited democracy by Cleisthenes after expelling their tyrant. During the Persian invasion of 480-479 the aristocrats re-took control to lead the war effort and didn't let go afterwards. In 460 BCE Ephialtes restored democracy but was assassinated for this. His deputy Pericles took over and, after arranging the expulsion of conservative leader Thucydides son of Melesias in 442 BCE, converted the political situation into a direct democracy where the assembly of the citizens ruled.
What happened to Athenian power after the battle of the Marathon?
The main battle had been for the Greeks to fight a sea battle in the strait next to Thermopylai. Holding the pass forced the Persians to try to outflank the position by sea, and the Greek fleet was waiting for this.
The Greeks lost the sea battle and retired to the Strait at Salamis where they refought the sea battle and won, crippling the Persian war effort. The Athenians had meanwhile evacuated their people to other cities, and embarked for the sea battle.
After the Salamis battle, the Persians had to withdraw north for the winter, and the Athenians reoccupied their city.
What blend of cultures is the Hellenistic culture?
- Hellenistic is basically a Hellenic-Greek culture at its core with localized partial influences (depending on the area) of:
- Buddhist-Indic,
- Syrian-Persian-Mesopotamian,
- Egyptian, Jewish,
- Anatolian-Phrygian-Capadocian-Armenian,
- Thracian.
For A+ kids:
Persian, Egyptian, Indian, and Greek. c:
Who was the ruler of Macedonia who conquered Greece?
The ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia was ruled by three Dynasties,
- the Argead Dynasty founded by Karanos in the late 9th century BCE, whose most famous members were Philip II and his son Alexander the Great.
- the Antipatrid dynasty founded by Kassander in 301 BCE
- the Antigonid Dynasty founded by Antigonos II Gonatos in 277 BCE.
