Ancient Greece

They had two tokens - yes and no. They placed their choice in the voting barrel, and the court workers then counted them. They voted at the end of a case, which lasted only one day, for guilty or not guilty.

If found guilty, both sides proposed a penalty. The jury then voted by token for one or the other - they could not choose any other sentence. This had the effect of making the prosecution and defence propose rational sentences, as irrational ones turned the jury to the other option.

Too severe or too lenient for the offence committed would lead the jurors to select the most reasonable and appropriate.

There were no set punishments - either side could propose something most appropriate. One man convicted of a serious crime which would invite the death penalty is recorded as offering to finance a state warship for a year. The jurors, thinking of their own pockets/taxes, took the offer.

He was a leader of Athens who reformed the Athenian political and legal system. Although his reforms were much needed, the penalties he brought in were severe in order to establish acceptance of law and order. The word Draconian is used today to describe very severe actions.

i agree

It was called Polis

They never heard of this theory.

Doric, ionic, and corinthian

All Greek city-states required their citizens to be trained in warfare and attend monthly drills as a means of survival.in an environment of ongoing fighting between the cities. As Sparta had a serf population which provided for the citizens, they did not have to work the land for subsistence and so could afford to do the training continuously.

Yes, pretty much everywhere had the wheel at that time

The Persian Empire was an absolute monarchy which was divided into provinces called satrapies. Each satrapy was allowed to maintain a certain degree of ethnic and religious autonomy, provided that they respected the authority of the sovereign. Each of the satrapies also had to contribute to the massive Persian armies which were used to bring all non-Persians under Persian rule.

There was no Greek empire. The independent Greek city-states were quite varied in political temperament. There were cities like Corinth which were ruled by several wealthy families as an oligopoly. The overwhelming majority of the population in Sparta were non-Spartans called helots who were serfs and servants of the dominant Spartan population. Athens was a direct democracy, convening meetings of all the citizens to decide laws. Any Athenian would have the right to speak and debate. There were other states, like Argos, that were ruled as hereditary monarchies. When Alexander the Great rose in the Greek region of Macedonia, he was able to create a Hellenistic Greek empire that on his death split up between his dictator-generals and ruled as regional kingdoms with a strong emphasis on spreading Hellenic Culture.

Ok, so the first woman created was Pandora and this is her story:

It started with a guy named Prometheus. He was the titan who created humans. Anyway, everything was alright with mankind but there was no fire so they couldn't cook anything. Prometheus obviously felt bad but Zeus had said that Prometheus could give humans anything except for fire. Long story short, he gave fire and he was cursed as an eagle would eat his liver everyday and being a Titan it would heal by nightfall so it would be very painful. He had a brother, Epimetheus and Zeus decided to punish Epimetheus too. So he created a woman called Pandora and Athena gave her curiosity and Aphrodite gave her charms and good looks. Epimetheus had been warned by Prometheus, via dreams to not trust anything at all but when they gods gave Pandora to Epimetheus, he was like No way she can be a bad thing. The gods also gave Epimetheus a jar ( but the object is different in other versions ) but they told him never to open it. Pandora being curious wanted to but Epimetheus told her not to but eventually she opened it. All the sins got released but the second time when she willingly opened the jar again, the Hope spirit was released.

The were not always enemies. They were when Persia invaded mainland Greece 480-479 BCE. Yet during the war between Athens and its allies and Sparta and its allies (431-404 BCE) the Persians provided the money for Sparta to raise a fleet to match the dominant Athenian one, resulting in Athens' final defeat.

Necessity and opportunity make strange bedfellows.

From the 8th Century BCE, an alphabet based on the Phoenican invention.

The main reason the Greek city-states developed separately was the terrain. Greece is very mountainous which made it difficult for people in different parts of Greece to communicate. Therefore city-states developed independently.

They were accepted at a meeting of their tribe as having met the requirements of citizenship.

The Ancient Greek Gods reside on Mount Olympus apart from Hades, the god of the dead, who is banned from Olympus and instead lives in the Underworld.

The Ancient Greece world was comprised of over 2,000 independent city-states spread around the Mediterranean and Black Sea littorals, so there was no 'capital' as each was politically independent.

It was potentially important as it was designed to precipitate a naval battle which the Greeks hoped they would win and cripple the Persian invasion.

The naval battle was lost by the Greeks, so the Thermopylai stand was of no military importance.

Its importance was that, after the failed naval battle, the Spartan contingent remained holding the pass to let their allies escape before the Persian cavalry broke through and anihilated them - a symbol of noble sacrifice.

There were several - Delian League, Peloponnesian League, Achaean League, Ionian League, Aetolian League, Beotian League etc, etc.

There were sevaral sanctuaries throughout Hellas devoted to Apollō. The most famoes are Delphi, where he had an oracle, and Dēlos, his mythological birthplace.

I guess that by the river valley civilisations you mean Mesopotamian civilisations and the Egyptians.

Greek pottery themes and styles were influenced by the Assyrians and Egyptians during the orientalising period of the 7th century BC. This term indicated that the Greeks were influenced by the art forms to her east, which also included influence from Anatolia (present day Turkey) and the Phoenicians (who lived in present day Lebanon) which were not river valley civilisations.

The Romans were influenced by the art of the people they conquered, especially those who lived in the provinces. The Romans in Egypt were influenced by Egyptian art. They were not influenced by Mesopotamian civilisations because by then they had decayed and their area had been heavily influenced by the Greeks in the Hellenistic period (the spread of Greek influence in the Middle East and Egypt when were ruled by Greek kingdoms).

Persia was involved in wars from the 6th Century BCE to the the 20th Century CE. Which period did you have in mind.

spartan women had more freedom than the women of other Greek city-states:D

Athens

Bumpy!

Very rough terrain with jagged mountain ranges. More then three quarters of the mainland is covered by rough limestone mountains.