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Atomic Bombs
Atomic bomb is an explosive device in which a large amount of energy is released through nuclear reactions. This makes an atomic bomb, more properly called a nuclear weapon, a much more powerful device than any conventional bomb containing chemical explosives. The first Atomic Bombs were used during World War 2 in 1945 by the US onto 2 Japanese cities.
2,042 Questions
Which man made the first atomic bomb?
The first hydrogen bomb was designed by American Richard "Dick" Garwin. Whilst Garwin made the first design, Edward Teller and a team of scientists made the first actual bomb. In interviews, Teller was quite adamant that the credit go to Garwin for his design, but he accepted the credit for the construction of the bomb itself.
Other scientists who worked out the details of the design were Dr. Marshall Rosenbluth and Dr. Conrad Longmire.
The role of various physicists and scientists in the development of the Hydrogen bomb has been fulled by controversy and criticism through the years. For more details on Teller's view of the process and the people involved, see the link below.
Thank You.
What effect did the atomic bomb in world war 2 have?
90000..16000 people died in hirosima..n 60000..80000 people died in Naagasika..
What was the nickname for the American plane that dropped the atomic bomb during world war 2?
The nickname of the American plane that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshim, Japan was called the "EnolaGay"
Did Harry Truman make the right decision dropping the atomic bombs on japan in 1945?
The use of the bomb was an alternative to Operation Downfall, an all-out Allied invasion of Japan, and effectively saved millions of Americans, and Japanese. Plus the atomic bomb actually killed less people than conventional bombing raids of Tokyo. Many argue additionally that through the destruction caused by the use of both bombs it created a stigma that became associated with nuclear weapons, which arguably may have resulted in their non-use throughout the entire Cold War. The theory says that no nukes have been used since Hiroshima and Nagasaki because no one knew how destructive they really were. Thus the atomic bombs actually saved (or potentially saved) other lives that would have been lost had Russia or the U.S. first used WMDs in the Cold War which assuredly would have triggered MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction) in which both countries would have engaged in retaliatory strikes against the other.
Also if you are really into this topic Alperovitz's book is probably one of the best guides out there, be warned it is very lengthy: There is no concrete answer to this question as everyone has an opinion. My opinion is that the decision to use the atomic bomb(S) was a proper one. As answer 1 says, the use of the atomic bomb saved months of time [possibly years, depending on the "hard-headedness" of the Japanese military high command, upon who's word the Emperor made decisions], and allied lives [probably MILLIONS more].
It also SAVED MILLIONS OF JAPANESE lives [BOTH military and CIVILIAN] which would have been lost if the Allies had had to spend months [or years] pounding the Japanese MAINLAND into submission using conventional bombing, and eventual invasion.
The Japanese people had been so "pumped up" with nationalistic fervor, that the civilian population would have fought to the bitter end with pitch forks and other implements, resulting the loss of untold millions MORE JAPANESE lives than occurred from the use of the atomic bombs.j3h.
Answer 3I totally disagree with the droppings of both bombs and from reading the history I found it was simply "over-kill." Fire bombs could have been dropped. Trueman's reasons were extremely questionable (to this day) and his own Aides had a problem with this decision.As far as the above poster saying that also many Japanese lives were saved that's so untrue. Even to this day the droppings of the Atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki have left a gene pool to this day of disfigurement in civilians. I hope this never happens again!
Answer 4 -The Truth- Less civilians died from the atomic bombs than from the firebombings that preceeded. The population was being instructed to resist to the death of every man, woman, and child. If the atomic bombs had not convinced the Japanese leaders to surrender, there would be no Japanese culture today.
- The low-end estimate of the number of Allied casualties in a full-scale invasion was 1 million. Perhaps your own father or grandfather was scheduled to be transfered from Europe to the Pacific to take part in this invasion. What would you think if he had died when Truman had access to a method of ending the war without another American casualty?
How many atomic bombs did the US drop and the end of World War 2?
- As of August 9, 1945 the US had built a total of 3 atomic bombs and exploded all of them.
- As of August 14, 1945 the US had built another bomb which arrived in San Francisco on August 18, 1945; but as Japan was surrendering this bomb was returned to Los Alamos unused.
- The US had production plans and capability to build another 20 atomic bombs before the end of 1945.
- As of the end of Operation Crossroads in the summer of 1946 the US had built a total of 9 atomic bombs and exploded 5 of them.
- At the peak of the cold war the US had built several 10s of thousands of atomic bombs, exploded over a 1000 of them in test shots, and stockpiled more than 10000 of them. (Note: this counts only the high yield "strategic" weapons, at the same time the US had stockpiled roughly 30000 low yield "tactical" weapons. these were eliminated in the 1980s.)
How did the atomic bomb effect soviet union and US relations?
Well the most reasons were that the atomic bomb did not only kill so many in the explosion but many more when the mushroom cloud started cancer all across china. That still effects china today with probloms about cancer
Why are Modern thermonuclear weapons are different from the atomic bombs used in World War 2?
Modern thermonuclear weapons ("Hydrogen bombs") use multiple stages to create their destructive power. It is known that most modern weapons use a fission trigger (basically a small atomic bomb) to create the energy to initiate fusion in the second stage of the weapon (the fusion stage -- the exact mechanism is classified but it could have something to do with ablation of the secondary tamper and radiation implosion) and thereby create a very large and potentially much more destructive explosion.
The two atomic bombs used by the US against Japan were single-stage weapons, but the technology used between the two was different. The yields of those weapons were in the 11 - 15 kiloton range. Modern thermonuclear weapons have higher yields in the hundreds of kilotons.
Additionally, the weapons used against Japan were very large by today's standard (especially for the small yield they had). Modern 150 kiloton thermonuclear warheads can be as small as around three feet long by maybe a 18 inches wide (these are only estimates in size) including the reentry vehicle.
Besides the technical differences outlined above, there is another, more important difference: scale.
The atomic bombs used on Japan had a yield of less than 25kT. Modern thermonuclear weapons generally start at around 350kT, and many are in the 1MT range. Additionally, thermonuclear weapons have very little upper limit: it's actually possible to build a thermonuclear device with a yield over 100MT, though they're impractical as a weapon.
Relative destructive power of a nuclear weapon is measured in Equivalent Megatons (EMT), as yield does not linearly increase destruction. The 2/3rds root of a weapon's yield (as expressed in MT) gives the EMT. I.e. EMT = MT2/3 Thus, a 1MT weapon has 1EMT of damage. A 27MT weapon is 9 EMT. And a 0.25MT (250kt) weapon does 0.4 EMT.
What all this math means is that modern thermonuclear weapons of around 1MT are roughly 12 times as destructive as those dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. They also produce radically higher secondary effects, such as massive firestorms in the surrounding forests, far higher dust injection into the stratosphere, and a whole host of environmental effects that were minimally felt from the low-yield WW2 weapons.
Put it another way: the WW2 bombs were like being run over by a car at 40mph. They could cause horrific damage, but highly localized, and, ultimately, rather survivable for a country and total population. Thermonuclear weapons are like having your neighborhood crashed into by a 747 at 500mph - vastly larger effects, including large-scale environmental effects far outside the immediate target area.
WW2-size atomic weapon threatens cities with destruction. An equivalent number of thermonuclear weapons threaten entire countries with destruction, including those far outside areas actually hit with the weapons.
Why do people agree or disagree to dropping atomic bombs on japan?
Because that's who they were fighting at the time. It would have been silly to drop it in, say, Germany, which had already surrendered, or Italy, which was on the same side by that point in the war, or Canada, which had ALWAYS been on the Allied side.
More seriously, it was dropped to avoid a large-scale invasion of the Japanese islands, which was at the time considered the only other means of reaching the Allied goal of unconditional surrender and would have resulted in FAR greater casualties, most of them Japanese civilians, and most likely also in Japan being divided in the same way that Germany turned into the BRD and the DDR.
What were the atoms in the atomic bombs that destroyed hiroshima and nagasaki?
Two isotopes were used. Uranium 235 for Hiroshima. Plutonium 239 for Nagasaki.
What were the cause of the atomic bomb?
When the war was over in Europe because Germany surrendered, the Allies wanted to end the war quick. However, Japan was still a strong force and occupied many islands surrounding it. The Allies, especially the United States, were losing thousands of men trying to conquer each island. The United States decided to create the atomic bomb to scare the Japan and make them surrender immediately. The U.S. did not want to lose anymore men by conquering small islands.
The atomic bomb was made to end World War 2 quickly and save the lives of millions of Allied soldiers.
What did Germany do after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima?
After Japan declared war on the US, Germany did the same to show their support for japan.
What were theNames of atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
The first atomic bomb was code named "Little Boy" and was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945. It used uranium-235 as its fission material, unlike the second bomb (named Fat Man) used on Nagasaki on August 9.
(see related question)
What did the US government fear about Japan which led to the decision to use atomic bombs?
Japan would not surrender prolonging on the war
What are the debates about dropping the atomic bomb on Japan?
Some say that Truman wanted to send a message to the Soviet Union - Apex
Where the first atomic bomb was thrown?
by that time when they threw the atomic bomb over Hiroshima and Nagasaki it was unnecessary. Japan was already losing the war and was going to surrender.
After japan lost the war it impacted there culture they believed there emperor was part god so they believed what he said. He told them they were going to win the war, but after the atomic bomb was dropped they started to question there beliefs.
What man came up with the idea with the atomic bomb?
- H. G. Wells thought of them and coined the term "atomic bomb" for his 1914 novel The World Set Free. However he had no idea how they might work.
- Leo Szilard invented the process of the neutron chain reaction in 1933 and patented it in 1934 with claims for its use in atomic bombs and reactors. However he had no idea what material(s) might be suitable to support the neutron chain reaction.
- The work of Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann, in Germany and Lise Meitner and Otto Robert Frisch, in Sweden showed in January 1939 that uranium fissioned when struck by neutrons. Thus it might be a suitable material for making atomic bombs.
What are the reasons not to frop atomic bombs?
The question presupposes that it should not have been used. I don't agree.
This technology was going to get out sooner or later. If not used in WW2, it would have been used some other time. Until it was used once, the fear of it wouldn't be there. It's the fear of what we all saw in WW2 that has prevented it from being used again since.
The use in WW2 saved lives. That's not debateable. When you look at the ferocity of opposition the Japanese were putting up against every advance the US made, the invasion of the Japanese homeland would have been a bloody slog with FAR more projected deaths on BOTH SIDES than the two bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Now, you could argue the use of a SECOND bomb at Nagasaki was unnecessary. That is a fair debate. But dropping AN atomic bomb if it hadn't happened in WW2 would have inevitably happened sooner or later. Whether the US did it or someone else did it.
What resources are needed to build the atomic bomb?
Fissionable material sufficient to fission if it comes together, a lab safe enough to handle such material, and mechanisms sufficient to bring the pieces of fissionable material together in what is called "critical mass".
Bare bones, you'd have a very large - and hard to transport - atomic bomb, of WWII size.
If you are wondering - given how easy that would be nowadays - why everyone doesn't have one, it's due to them being valueless without proper means of delivery. Which means they have to be small and yet still powerful, and be mounted on a very long range missile with a sophisticated guidance system.
What happened when the atomic bomb was drop on hiroshima?
Chaotic conditions made accurate accounts most difficult. Some victims were vaporized instantly, many survivors were horribly disfigured, and death from radiation was uncertain-it might not claim its victims for days, weeks, months, or even years.
The initial death count in Hiroshima, set at 42,000-93,000, was based solely on the disposal of bodies, and was thus much too low. Later surveys covered body counts, missing persons, and neighborhood surveys during the first months after the bombing, yielding a more reliable estimate of 130,000 dead as of November 1945. A similar survey by officials in Nagasaki set its death toll at 60,000-70,000. (Its plutonium bomb was more powerful, but its destructive range was limited by surrounding hills and mountains).
Additional counts indicated high levels of short-term mortality in both cities:
-Over 90% of persons within 500 meters (1,600 ft.) of ground zero in both cities died.
-At 1.5 km (almost one mile), over 2/3 were casualties, and 1/3 died.
-Of those at a distance of 2 km (1.2 mi.), half were casualties, 10% of whom died.
-Casualties dropped to 10% at distances over 4 km (2.4 mi.)
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What is the atomic bomb and who were the first 2 countries to build and use it?
Its a bomb and it was created by scientists from Israel and Somalia
What type of atomic bombs did America drop on Japan?
Easy. Basically there were two types of nuclear bombs (Atomic bombs). One is fusion and the other is fission. Fusion bombs are Hydrogen bombs that were only invented and tested on 1950s. When America drop the bombs on Japan , it was fission type. Both Uranium and Plutonium in Hiroshima and Nagasaki respectively.
How powerful is the atomic bomb?
Atomic bombs come in a wide variety of sizes. Their explosive power is usually measured in terms of an equivalent number of tons of dynamite. Smaller bombs range in the kilotons (thousands of tons) while larger bombs are in the range of megatons (millions of tons). Even a small atomic bomb is extremely powerful, much more powerful than any conventional bomb. A large atomic bomb can destroy an entire city.
Did Americans help rebuild japan after the bombs were dropped?
It took 15 years to rebuild Japan. They didn't have the means to rebuild Japan so it came up to the US to do it. This includes helping the victims who had no possibility of living except the ones who were far away and suffered burns.
