Atoms and Atomic Structure

Oh, dude, "condution" is like when you're walking around in a hot tub with a slice of pizza in one hand and a snorkel in the other. Just kidding! That's not a real word. Maybe you meant "conduction," which is like when heat or electricity moves through something. But hey, who am I to judge? Maybe condution is the next big thing!

Well, isn't that just a happy little question! Protons in the nucleus carry positive charges, and like charges repel each other, just like two little magnets pushing away. It's all about finding balance and harmony in the atomic world, creating a space where each proton can peacefully coexist.

WATER!!!! (H2O)

Some 'silly' names for water are:-

Dihydrogen monoxide

Dihydrogen oxide

Hydrogen monoxide

Hydrogen oxide.

However, in science as everywhere else, water is WATER. These 'silly' names are NEVER used in science.

Oh, dude, let me break it down for you. So, in one molecule of H2O, there are two Hydrogen atoms. If you have 500.0 grams of H2O, that's like around 27 moles of water. Since each mole of water has 2 Hydrogen atoms, you've got around 54 Hydrogen atoms in that 500.0 grams of H2O.

Sodium does not donate electrons. Sodium IONISES, that is it loses one electron per atom to form the cation Na(+).

Oh, dude, you're hitting me with some physics here! So, like, technically speaking, quarks are smaller than electrons, but they make up protons and neutrons, which are part of an atom, where electrons hang out. So, like, in the grand scheme of things, they all play different roles in the tiny world of particles.

Elements with a filled outermost energy level are considered to be stable due to the full complement of electrons. These elements typically fall under the noble gases group in the periodic table, such as helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. The filled outermost energy level results in these elements having little to no reactivity with other elements, making them chemically inert.

Well, isn't that just a happy little question! You see, in propane, the carbon atoms are bonded together in a chain, but they can rotate around these bonds. This rotation gives the molecule a bit of flexibility, allowing the atoms to move around and not stay in a perfectly straight line. It's like a dance, where the carbon atoms sway and twirl, creating a beautiful and dynamic structure.

They are called isotopes. Isotopes are atoms of the same element, and have the same atomic number (number of protons). However , they differ in the number of neutrons, so their atomic masses aren't the same. For example, chlorine has two stable isotopes, ³⁵Cl which makes up 76% and ³⁷Cl makes up 24%. ³⁶Cl is only a trace amount and is radioactive. The superscript in front of the chemical symbol is the mass number. The mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom, in this case chlorine.

Tax parcel number and folio number are not the same. A tax parcel number is a unique identifier assigned to a specific parcel of land for tax assessment purposes, while a folio number is a unique identifier used in property records to track ownership and legal descriptions. In some jurisdictions, these numbers may be used interchangeably, but they serve different purposes and are assigned by different entities.

Gold, with the atomic number 79, has 79 protons in its nucleus. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, so gold also has 79 electrons. The number of neutrons can be calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass of gold, which is typically around 197. This gives gold approximately 118 neutrons.

Aluminium has a 3 valence electrons, 3s2, 3p1

In terms of mass , the electron is smaller.

In a table of Atomic particle masses ;-

Proton is given an arbitrary mass of '1' , with a plus (+) charge

Neutron is given an arbitrary mass of '1' , with no (0) charge

Electron is given an arbitrary mass of '1/1860' , with a minus(-) charge.

As you can see from the table, electrons are much less massive than protons, and neutrons.

The actual masses of these particles can be found in 'Wikipedia'.

Well, isn't Thulium a fascinating element? It has 69 protons and 69 electrons. Just imagine those little particles dancing around, creating the unique properties that make Thulium so special. Embrace the beauty of science, my friend!

The isotope of hydrogen ; known as 'protium'.

protium ; 1 proton, o neutrons, 1 electron ( Common hydrogen) [1/1]H

deuterium ; 1 proton , 1 neutron , 1 electron ( heavy hydrogen) [2/1H] or 'D'

tritium ; 1 proton 2 neutrons 1 electron ( super heavy hydrogen ; radio active ; very rare). [3/1]H or 'T'.

These are the three isotopes of hydrogen, and only the protium isotope has no neutrons.

The mass number of an isotope of an element is equal to its atomic mass number. However, the atomic weight of an element is a weighted average of the isotopes that occur in the element in nature. Because almost all elements have more than one naturally occurring isotope (if they have any), the atomic weights of most elements are not integers, as mass numbers always are.

Neon is a noble gas on the periodic table with the atomic number 10. It is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, making it about as exciting as watching paint dry. Neon is commonly used in neon signs, hence the name, and is also used in cryogenic refrigeration. Hope that lights up your day!

Well, honey, in one mole of copper II sulfate, there are 4 moles of oxygen atoms. So, if you're asking about moles of oxygen molecules (O₂), then the answer is 8 moles. But if you're talking about individual oxygen atoms, then it's 4 moles. Either way, you've got a whole lotta oxygen hanging out with that copper II sulfate.

Oh, dude, you're hitting me with that chemistry question! So, like, one mole of any element contains Avogadro's number of atoms, which is 6.022 x 10^23. In this case, you've got 4.5 moles of Li, so you just multiply that by Avogadro's number to get the total number of Li atoms. That's like... a lot of Li atoms, man.

Oh, dude, most of the mass of an atom comes from protons and neutrons hanging out in the nucleus like the cool kids they are. But when it comes to volume, it's all about those electron clouds just chilling out in the outer regions, taking up space and giving the atom its size. So, yeah, protons and neutrons bring the mass, while electrons bring the volume. It's like a party where everyone has their own role to play.

If you take away one electron from an atom, the atom becomes positively charged. This is because electrons carry a negative charge, so removing one electron leaves the atom with a net positive charge. The atom is then called a cation, as it has more protons (positive charges) than electrons.

The VALENCE Shell.

In any chemical reaction it is the electrons in the Valence Shell that do the reacting. Any inner shells of electrons do NOT take part in a chemical reaction.

The maximum number of electrons that can occupy a 4d orbital is 10. This is because each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and there are 5 4d orbitals available. Therefore, 2 electrons can occupy each of the 5 orbitals, giving a total of 10 electrons in the 4d orbital.

NaOH is a compound, not an element. It is a chemical formula representing sodium hydroxide, which is composed of three elements: sodium (Na), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H). Compounds are substances formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in fixed proportions, whereas elements are pure substances made up of only one type of atom.