Atoms and Atomic Structure

The wavelength is indicated by the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs of a wave. It can be measured in units such as meters or nanometers.

That probably refers to a polymer that either (a) is a good conductor or heat, or (b) is a good conductor of electricity. Usually the second choice is the most likely meaning, if nothing else is specified.

The charge of an electron cloud is negative. The electron cloud is made up of electrons, and the electrons are negatively charged. The electron cloud will have a negative charge as well.

The total charge would be +17 + (-10) = +7.

The superscript 6 in 2p6 refers to the number of electrons that occupy the 2p subshell in an atom. In this case, there are 6 electrons in the 2p orbital.

The symbol for a molecule of carbon dioxide is CO2. It represents one carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms.

1.409 moles chlorine (35.45 grams/1 mole Cl)

= 49.95 grams of chlorine

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When ions collide with atoms, they transfer energy through collisions with the outer electrons of the atom. This transfer of energy can disrupt the balance of the electrons in the atom, causing an electron to be knocked off or ejected. This process is known as ionization and can result in the creation of new ions.

There were many scientists that worked on trying to prove that atoms exist. Neils Bohr was one of the first to discover that atoms had three parts and the electrons orbited the nucleus in 1913.

Plants obtain carbon atoms for glucose molecule from carbon dioxide present in the air during the process of photosynthesis. The carbon dioxide is converted into glucose with the help of sunlight, water, and chlorophyll in the plant's cells.

The nucleus is found at the center of the atom and the electron cloud is found orbiting the nucleus at fixed, quantified radii.

It is called thermal conduction, where free electrons in metals transfer energy through collisions with other atoms or electrons, facilitating the flow of heat throughout the material. This process is a key mechanism for heat transfer in metals.

A black hole can have either positive, negative, or neutral charge. The charge of a black hole can be acquired through the consumption of charged particles, but the overall effect of the charge on the black hole's properties is not significant compared to its mass.

Sr has a relatively low electron affinity. Electron affinity is the energy change when an atom gains an electron to form a negative ion, and for strontium, this energy change is lower compared to other elements.

Group 18 elements, also known as the noble gases, are colorless, odorless, and tasteless gases. They are nonreactive due to their full outer electron shells, which results in high ionization energy and electronegativity. These elements exist as monatomic gases in their natural state.

The electron is the subatomic particle with the least mass. It has a mass of about 1/1836 of a proton or neutron.

Intramolecular proton transfer refers to the movement of a proton within a molecule, typically from one atom to another. This phenomenon often occurs in chemical reactions involving acids and bases, where a proton is transferred from a donor atom to an acceptor atom within the same molecule. Intramolecular proton transfer can affect the molecule's structure, stability, and reactivity.

G.N. Lewis, at the University of California at Berkeley devised a simple way to understand the nature of the chemical bond in both ionic and molecular compounds. His method rests upon focusing on the valence electrons of the elements. He represents these valence electrons as "dots" around the four sides of the elemental symbol.

Depending on how your teacher was taught, this may be slightly different. The first 2 valence electron go together (I was taught to place them on top), then one on each side going clockwise (3 o'clock, 6 o'clock then 9 o'clock).

Then doubling up going clockwise (3 o'clock, 6 o'clock then 9 o'clock). If you have 5 valence electrons as Nitrogen does, stop after 5 dots.

Lewis dot diagrams represt the outer shell electrons covalently sharing between elements. For NF3 it would it would be pyramidal. Nitrogen has 5 outer shell electrons therefore you would attach the 3 fluorine atoms to the three outer shell electrons on the nitrogen. Then that leaves you with one non-bonding pair.

A molecule with two atoms of the same electronegativity is called a nonpolar molecule. This is because both atoms have equal pull on the shared electrons, resulting in a symmetrical distribution of charge and no net dipole moment.

Yes, when outer electrons are removed from an atom, it becomes positively charged. This is because removing negative electrons leaves behind a surplus of positive charge in the form of the remaining protons in the nucleus.

When an atom is no longer neutral and has gained or lost electrons, it is called an ion. An atom that has gained electrons will have a negative charge (an anion), while an atom that has lost electrons will have a positive charge (a cation).

All particles that move slower than the speed of light have a "rest mass" or "invariant mass" - and that means, almost all particles. One of the few particles that does NOT have a rest mass is the photon, since it moves at the speed of light. It does have energy, and therefore (by mass-energy equivalence) it also has mass, but this is not "rest mass" and is often not counted as mass.

Einsteinium. No joke. Symbol is "Es". Named after Albert Einstein.

The region in an atom where an electron is most likely to be found is called an orbital. Orbitals are defined as the three-dimensional spaces around the nucleus where electrons have the highest probability of being located.