Pierre Trudeau was Prime Minister on different occasions, non consecutively, for a period of about 17 years.

Toronto's municipal government consists of 44 local councillors, one elected from each of the city's 44 wards, plus a mayor elected at-large. The members of council are elected for a term of 4 years.

Social Credit Party of Canada ended in 1993.

Vancouver is the largest city in the Province of British Columbia. It is located on the west coast of Canada, about an hour's drive north of the US border.

He is a University of Calagary alumnus

The 3 branches of the US federal government comprise the Legislative Branch which makes laws, the Executive Branch, which enforces those laws, and the Judicial Branch, which ensures that those laws meet the requirements of the US Constitution.

This question is broad - in what specific field? He's the Prime Minister of Canada, who has made a name for himself as a principled, strong leader both in Canada and abroad. Before that he was the Chief Policy Officer of the Reform Party of Canada, and before that he was an economist.

The people who are elected are called Members of Parliament, or MP's. The leader of the party with the most elected MP's becomes the Prime Minister.

He's a horrible Prime Minister.

He was held in contempt and lost the confidence of the house of commons due to lying about how Canada was going to post surpluses and have no deficit. Which, without even being an economists everyone knew he was lying. Ironically, he gave us the worst deficit in Canadian history! 60 Billion dollars in one year.

He also single handedly tried to destroy democracy in our country by removing the subsidies designated towards the political parties. Which would have destroyed the opposition and any other party in Canada.

And not only that with Canada-China trade agreement, he has not spoken about it to the people and has decided not to allow parliament to debate the agreement. No single Canadian has the right to vote on the issue and there is a huge uproar over it not going into some sort of debate.

He also was the only one IN THE WORLD to allow asbestos not to be banned. Though I think he finally came around to it, but the fact that he stood up and said that it is perfectly fine because we produce it made me sick.

He also signed onto UNDRIP and has not actually followed what UNDRIP stands for.

He also decided to shut down the Fresh Water Researchers (which is quite important to keeping our fresh water...fresh) to save two million dollars a year, but it is going to cost him 50 million dollars to shut it down.

PLUS his government is (or was, I'm not quite sure the investigation ended, there's been no talk about it) being investigated for election fraud.

His stance was for an open and accountable government. He has yet to do either one, he likes to keep things controlled and silent.

As Canada has ten provinces and three territories, there are thirteen answers to your question. As the number of members of each jurisdiction's Executive Council is variable and can change at any time, please refer to Sources and related links below, for the Web page of the Cabinet of each province and territory.

National Policy, tariff protection for Canadian manufacturers, was the rallying cry of Sir John A. MACDONALD'sLiberal-Conservative Party in its successful 1878 general election campaign. Alexander MACKENZIE's Liberal Party, in office 1873-78, adhered to a policy of tariffs for revenue purposes - around 20% CUSTOMS duties on manufactured goods - despite the depression of the 1870s and the failure of the government's 1874-75 attempt to negotiate a RECIPROCITY agreement with the US. Macdonald's National Policy became a public issue after the Liberal government failed to raise the tariff in the 1876 budget. It was set in motion in the budget of 14 March 1879 after consultation with business interests.

It was intended to be a nationalistic policy which would broaden the base of the Canadian economy and restore the confidence of Canadians in the development of their country. That the National Policy would also assist in the development of a group of wealthy businessmen who could be counted on to contribute generously to the Conservative Party was another factor that Macdonald acknowledged. The tariff on most foreign manufactured goods was increased, affording substantial protection to Canadian manufacturers. Equally important to the manufacturers were the reduced customs duties on the necessary raw materials and semi-processed products, which lowered their costs of production.

Over time the National Policy took on a broader meaning in Conservative Party rhetoric, which tended to equate the National Policy with its larger development policies: the CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY (1880s); western settlement (the DOMINION LANDS Act of 1872 and immigration policy); harbour development; and the subsidization of fast steamship service to Europe and Asia to facilitate the export of Canadian products. It became the centrepiece of Conservative Party policy for decades, being espoused by R.B. BENNETT in the 1930s as fervently as it was by Macdonald in the 1880s. Macdonald's last election, in 1891, was fought in defence of his National Policy. Sir Wilfrid LAURIER's Liberal government, 1896-1911, adopted the protectionist principles if not the rhetoric of the National Policy tariff and kept its general tariff at similarly protectionist rates.

Even the Laurier government's famous reciprocity agreement with the US in 1911 made only a few concessions on import duties on manufactured goods; the bulk of the agreement abolished duties on natural products, and customs duties were lowered on a restricted list of manufactured goods. But this alarmed manufacturers enough to swing their support back to the Conservatives in the 1911 general election. Campaigning on the argument that a mature economy had developed under the National Policy, that reciprocity threatened the Canadian economy, and that the choice before the electors was "whether the spirit of Canadianism or of Continentalism shall prevail on the northern half of this continent," Robert BORDEN's Conservatives swept to victory, bringing a continuance of the National Policy.

"Steal from the poor and give to the rich."

Since February 2006.

Throughout most of the 20th century, national unity has been the primary aim of every Canadian government: leaders of both the English-speaking majority and the French-speaking minority have cooperated to develop a united Canada with a great destiny to which differences arising from national origin were subordinate. In the 1970s, this unity was challenged by a growing demand for French Canadian autonomy. Despite cultural division, national unity has remained a basic factor in Canadian foreign policy. Two elements have contributed to the growth of Canadian nationalism-deliberate government policy and reaction against overidentification with either the United Kingdom or the United States.

Continuity of policy characterizes party relationships. The Liberal Party (LP), which held office from 1935 to 1957 and again (except for part of 1979) from 1968 to 1984, is nationwide in its representation but has its main strength in Québec. It traditionally emphasizes trade and cultural relationships with the United States, while its principal rival, the Progressive Conservative Party (PC), which held power from 1957 to 1968, from May to December 1979, and again since the end of 1984, stresses Canada's relationships with the UK. In economic policy, the Liberals generally champion free trade, while the Conservatives favor a degree of protection; but practical political considerations have modified this distinction.

The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) was a farmer-labor party with its main strength in Saskatchewan. Its foreign policy was much like that of the British Labour Party, but with an admixture of traditional Canadian prairie radicalism. It merged with the Canadian Labour Congress to form the New Democratic Party (NDP) in 1961. The Social Credit Party (SCP) has headed governments in Alberta and British Columbia but has not done well nationally. In June 1962, the group collapsed into independent factions, leaving only five representatives in the Commons. In September, the Québec wing of the party united to form the Ralliement des Créditistes, which after the 1965 elections became the new focal point of French Canadian interests.

After 22 years of uninterrupted rule, the Liberals were defeated by the PC in the 1957 elections. This was widely interpreted as a vote of protest against individual Liberal ministers and high taxes, as a reflection of concern over US economic penetration, and as a demonstration of widespread feeling that it was "time for a change." In the general election on 31 March 1958, the PC was returned to power with an unprecedented majority, taking 208 of the 265 seats. The LP was reduced to 49 seats, the smallest number in its history. In the election of June 1962, the PC lost 92 seats. The following February, the PC government lost a vote of confidence, the major issue being defense policy and the refusal of the prime minister to accept nuclear weapons from the United States. In the election of April 1963, the resurgent Liberals gained an additional 29 seats for a total of 129 (four short of a parliamentary majority). With some support from the SCP, Liberal leader Lester B. Pearson formed a new government.

In April 1968, the new Liberal Party leader, Pierre Elliott Trudeau, was elected prime minister in a colorful campaign emphasizing personality more than specific issues. In the June general election, which he called for almost immediately, the LP took 155 seats and the PC 72; the SCP lost all five of its seats. In the general elections of 30 October 1972, the Liberals lost their parliamentary majority, winning only 109 seats to the PC's 107. The NDP increased its representation from 22 seats to 31, and the Créditistes, who had resumed calling themselves the SCP in 1971, won 15 seats. When the NDP decided to support the continuance of Liberal rule, Prime Minister Trudeau formed a new cabinet. The Liberal-NDP alliance collapsed on 8 May 1974 when, for the first time in Canadian history, the government received a vote of no confidence on a budget bill. Elections were called, and the campaign was fought largely on the issue of inflation, with the PC calling for a system of wage and price controls. In the elections of 8 July 1974, the Liberals regained their majority.

In the general elections of 22 May 1979, the Liberals lost to the PC, taking 114 seats of the now 282-seat Parliament to the PC's 136, and were unable to form a government in any province. However, on 13 December 1979, the government of Prime Minister Joe Clark was defeated by a Liberal and NDP coalition on a vote of no confidence on a budget bill that called for an increase of 18 cents a gallon in the excise tax on gasoline. Trudeau, who in November had announced his planned retirement, decided to continue as Liberal leader, and again became prime minister after elections on 18 February 1980 gave the Liberals 147 seats. Four years later, on 29 February 1984, Trudeau again announced his impending retirement, and his party chose John Turner as successor. Brian Mulroney became prime minister following a landslide PC victory in the September 1984 elections, which gave the PC 211 seats, the Liberals 40 (their lowest number ever), the NDP 30, and an independent 1. However, the Liberals regained strength over the next year, and in 1985 won the Québec general election and, in a coalition with the NDP, ended 42 years of PC government in Ontario.

In 1993, the PC fell from power, primarily due to one of the worst Canadian recessions in nearly 60 years and the failure of the PC government to implement constitutional reforms. Brian Mulroney resigned and was succeeded by Kim Campbell. Liberals soundly defeated the PC in the October 1993 election, with 177 of the 295 seats (up from only 80 in 1988). The PC retained only two of their 157 seats. The Liberal party named Jean Chrétien as the new prime minister.

The Liberal Party's majority in Parliament was reduced to 155 in elections called by Chrétien in June 1997. The majority of opposition seats were won by the right-wing populist Reform Party, formed in Alberta in 1988 and led by Robert Manning, which increased its representation to 60 seats, winning broad support in the western provinces. Other party totals were Bloc Québécois, 44; New Democratic, 21; Progressive Conservative, 20; and Independent, 1. In January 2000, members of the Reform Party voted to create a broader conservative grouping called the Canadian Alliance, uniting the western-based, populist Reform Party with the eastern-based Progressive Conservatives in an attempt to eventually unseat the dominant Liberals.

Wayne Arthurs
The Premier of Ontario, Canada is Dalton James Patrick McGuinty, Jr.

These are the 7 landforms of Canada

1. Innuitian Mountains

2. Arctic Lowlands

3. Western Cordillera

4. Interior Plains

5. Canadian Shield

6. Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands

7. Appalachian Mountains

Alexander Mackenzie did not "discover" Canada. He was the first European to cross what is now Canada from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. He reached the Pacific on July 20, 1793. Lewis and Clark did not cross the US until November 20, 1805.

Parliament consists of three parts, the house of commons, the senate and the monarch. Its main roles are to create new laws and modify existing ones to make them the best they can be for Canadian citizens.