Communism

Bayard Rustin did

Several countries fell to communism during the Cold War, including China, North Korea, Vietnam, Cuba, and several Eastern European countries such as Poland, East Germany, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Romania. These countries adopted communist ideologies and systems of government either through revolutions, coups, or political transitions influenced by the Soviet Union. The spread of communism during the Cold War led to significant geopolitical tensions between the communist bloc and the Western capitalist bloc, shaping global politics for decades.

Communism with a smiling face is like putting lipstick on a pig - it may look pretty on the outside, but it's still a pig. It refers to attempts to make communism seem more appealing or palatable, but at the end of the day, it's still a system that often leads to oppression and lack of individual freedoms. So, smile all you want, but communism is still communism, honey.

Karl Marx could be considered the intellectual and philosophical leader of the Russian Revolution. Although he had died long before the revolution it was his ideas (along with Friedrich Engels) that sparked the political movements to overthrow the capitalist and autocratic government that was in place in 1917. His ideas on the evils of capitalism, the need to overthrow it in favor of socialism and the eventual conversion of socialism into communism led many to believe that the forms of government in place in many industrialized countries had to be replaced.

These Marxist thoughts led to the creation of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP) whose members advocated the overthrow of capitalism in favor of socialism. One faction of this party was the Bolshevik Party led by Vladimir Lenin. When the first Russian Revolution occurred in February 1917, the Marxist RSDLP and other anti government parties, socialist and non-socialists) banded together to form the capitalist based Provisional Government. But by that time in Russia, the workers, soldiers and peasants were not content to remain under a capitalist system. Lenin used Marxist ideologies to convince the people that a Marxist system led by him and the Bolsheviks would be better than a capitalist system led by the ministers of the former government. Using Marxist Propaganda, Lenin engineered the Bolshevik/Communist Revolution in October 1917.

They don't. Communist countries do not have a system of checks and balances with an independent judiciary system or a Parliament that really can or will curb the officials that hold executive power. In the Communist system it is only the local Communist party and its leaders (sometimes together with the Army leadership) that decides on policy, be it legal, judicial or executive.

The economic system replacing communism in the former Soviet countries is primarily capitalism, with varying degrees of market liberalization and privatization. These countries have transitioned from centrally planned economies to market-based economies, allowing for private ownership of businesses, competition, and market forces to determine prices and production. However, the extent and success of this transition vary among different countries in the region.

For some people the idea of the means of production being owned & operated the central government by for the sole benefit of the people & its workers was appealing. The large industrialists large landowners & their unfair profits would be eliminated.

All money in excess from Government operated factories & farms could be used to raise wages, improve social benefits or be plowed back into improving industries.

Private property being abolished would place everyone at the same level in that category.

The idea that at some point in time, "government" would be unnecessary and withered away appealed to some intellectuals.

Democratic socialists were not happy however, as Marx called for a violent overthrow of governments in order to install the Dictatorship of the Proletariat. This meant bloodshed and perhaps civil war. They were also unhappy at the prospect of an authoritarian dictatorship and the end of voting.

Yes.

The United States attempted to stop the USSR from spreading communism by supplying armaments, financing, and military support to countries on the verge of falling into a communistic government. The Korean Police Action and Vietnamese Conflict were attempts at stopping communism from overtaking the countries of Korea and Vietnam. The United States aided Afghanistan in the ten year war against Russia, which was an effort in keeping communism out of the Middle East.

The solution to communism varies depending on perspective. Some argue for a shift towards democratic socialism, while others advocate for a more market-oriented economy. Ultimately, finding a balance between state control and individual freedoms is crucial in addressing the shortcomings of communism.

Communism was condemned both as an ideology and a social system. In the US, it was the concerted attempts to demonize communism while extolling the virtues of capitalism and democracy. The world was envisioning a world kept divided and obedient with fears of 'perpetual war'.

Lenin and Stalin used propaganda to promote their ideologies, consolidate power, maintain control over the population, and shape public opinion in their favor. Propaganda played a crucial role in shaping the narrative of their rule and legitimizing their actions to the masses.

Communist should be capitalized when you are referring to someone in the Communist party. Similarly, Communism should be capitalized when you are referring to the Communist party.

Social stratification never ended under Russian communism, therefore, it did not have to begin after communism fell. Marxian communism is supposed to be a classless society, however Soviet communism was never true communism. Prior to 1917 the social strata were the Tsar, the nobility, the bureaucracy, the landowners the workers and peasants. Under Soviet communism it was Lenin/Stalin etc, members of the Communist Party, the bureaucracy, the workers and peasants. There was still social stratification. There were just fewer strata.

The root word for communism is "communis," which means common or shared. Communism is a political and economic ideology that advocates for common ownership of resources and the absence of social classes.

Albania resisted communism the longest among Eastern European nations. The communist regime in Albania lasted until 1991, making it one of the last countries in the region to transition away from communism.

Soviet. The word was entirely political and did not have to do with the region at all

The stages of communism, as outlined by Karl Marx, are the theoretical progression from capitalism to communism. They include the transitional phase of socialism, where the means of production are owned by the state, and the ultimate goal of a classless and stateless society in full communism.

The Americans hate communism, as capitalism is the direct opposite of communism, and America is based on "the American dream" which is basically the forwarded of ones own life and career though industry, and consumerism. it is a country based on looking after the individual, rather than the community as a whole.

This being said communism is not without its faults, as while communism is based on a good solid foundation of everyone being equal, it is open to abuse as is the nature of humans. so communism would in a perfect world would be a perfect solution. however this is not a perfect world.

Americans greatest fear is to be equal, as it does not fit in with the American psyche of having the biggest and best of everything. And also have a fear of anything which is not "the norm," which I can see from a British point of view.

Communism as an ideology does not inherently believe in racism. In theory, communism aims to create a classless society where all individuals are treated equally regardless of their race. However, in practice, racism can still exist within communist societies due to individual biases and historical factors.

In practise, communist governments have created laws from central bureaucratical bodies directly controlled by the party and subject to virtually no direct approval from any group except the rulers.

You can see the link from two different angles:

On one side, the communist theorists themselves saw Spartacus as a forefather and used the myth of Spartacus as part of their own public myths. This has to do with the way communist thinkers (Marx, Engels etc.) saw history as a never-ending conflict between two classes - the haves and the have nots (they called this class struggle). In this, they saw the communist movement of the 19th and 20th century as having the same fundamental role as Spartacus did in Roman Antiquity - both Spartacus and the communists were representatives and leaders of the "oppressed classes". All schools of communism (Leninism, Trotskyism, Maoism, etc.) subscribe to this analysis of history, so you can say that for all communism this link is self-evident.As such, they themselves created a bond between communism and Spartacus. Moreover, in countries where communism was the dominant ideology, Spartacus was used as a public motive, especially in the field of sports, as the (for example, some sporting events were named "Spartakiads", sport clubs were called Spartak eg. Spartak Moscow etc.)

On the other hand, this link is hard to be seen from practitioners of other historical schools - and they would explain this connection as a founding myth or a legitimizing myth. As communism was a radical ideology breaking away from the past, but still requiring historical legitimization, they could only use extremely recent (and thus potentially weak) figures (Lenin, Marx etc.) or ancient images (of which they chose Spartacus as being a low-class radical figure) for the task, even where there was limited overlap in goals.

Power, especially absolute or unchecked power, corrupts all forms of government, because all governments are run by human beings, who are inherently flawed and will naturally try to arrogate more power to themselves, even if they believe they are serving the people and the greater good. Communism, either as an economic model or a system of government, is inherently flawed in ways that have little to do with the exercise of power.

Marx's ideas were that of pure equality. He wanted a world where everyone was equal. His theories, while impractical because of the nature of man, were truly "good". His ultimate goal was to eradicate poverty. The communists took his basic tenet of equality and perverted it into everyone is equal under the government.

Communism

Marxs philosophical basis of communism was called dialectical materialism. This briefly purported to claim that ideas were secreted by the brain and thus no inner soul or deity had anything to do with thoughts and the implementation of thoughts and ideas. Therefore the human being was the product of pure science and human beings were the final judgement to what was wrong and what was right. Marx said that religion was the opiate of the people. Nothing supersedes the human thought process.

The first answer to this question is a bit off. Under Communism there was no governments. To get to this utopia first required a revolution among the working classes which would govern as the Dictatorship of the Proletariat.

Clearly this had to mean that every nation would participate. A dissenting nation, with an army would screw the entire plan up. Sorry about the last phrase there. Its a bit non philosophical.

To continue dialectical materialism is a discarded philosophy sitting in the dustbin of ideas.

Karl Marx believed in a class struggle between the bourgeoisie (the wealthy property owners) and the proletariat (the working class). He argued that capitalism led to exploitation and inequality, ultimately advocating for a revolution to overthrow the capitalist system and establish a classless society where the means of production are collectively owned.