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Computer History

This category includes questions and answers about the history of the computer. Ask questions about the first computer and major developments in computing.

5,564 Questions

Why was the DVD invented?

Same reason CDs were invented. They last A LOT longer, can jump to any scene, and they never degrade in quality as VHS tapes degrade in quality over time.

Name a mammal other than humans that used a computer?

Humans are the only mammals to use computers. However, many primates and some other animals are capable of using tools. For example, chimpanzees know how to crack open nuts with stones.

When was abacus found?

Maybe 9000 or so years ago some guy was taking a walk and tripped over something, when he picked it up he said: "Oh my I just found an abacus! I have no idea if it is useful for anything or not, as I have never seen one before. The beads are not even pretty, just plain wood." He then threw it away and rubbed his sore toe until it felt better and continued his walk.

The above is of course nonsense as mechanisms like the abacus are not found, they are invented or designed. While it is hard to verify as documents don't go back as far as the first abacus (it was already present and used in many cultures before writing or even oral history developed), one could likely say the time given above (9000 years ago) to be a reasonable estimate of when they first were used.

How does the computer make work easier?

Computers make work easier by doing the difficult and time consuming tasks very fast.

Who is inventer of computer?

No one person, many people in the late 1930s were considering various means of automatic computation.

Doctor John Vincent Atanasoff is credited as the inventor of the electronic computer.

What is the oldest seat of government in the united sataes?

New York City, New York, was the first capital, from 1789 until sometime in 1790, when the federal government moved the capital to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The United States government relocated to its permanent quarters in Washington, DC, in 1800.

How were the first computers used?

Actually, the first computers used were completely mechanical ones, several hundred years ago (or thousands, I can never remember which). Basically what they would do is punch in an equation, and turn a crank for a long long time. It would give an answer in a certain amount of time, depending on just how complicated the problem was.

What you're probably looking for, though, are the mechanical computers back in the sixties, where a bunch of mechanical parts would change pixels on a tiny screen.

Two basic things that a computer cannot do?

Because computers have boundaries/limits on what actions they can perform due to artificial intelligence, they can't do some specific things. Here is a small list of what they can't do from the top of my head. In a few years, computers/technology will advance to the point where this list is meaningless. This answer was written in 2009.

*They are not human beings so it is impossible for them to comprehend feelings

*They can not perform 50 GHz per core as of 2009

* Computer CPU's require cooling from fans/liquid cooling

* Since human beings have programmed computers they will only do the functions that the programmer has laid out for them.

* Self-maintenance- computers require permission from the owner to download virus software/remove malicious viruses.

Those are just a couple of things that computers can't do. In a few years from now, this information will need to be updated.

-MichelleLynn

How can you make history on your computer be deleted?

Depends on what you mean by "history on your computer". Here are some ways to delete some of the stuff your computer stores about what you do on it.

If you use firefox as your web browser ctrl+shift+delete deletes any private data your browser is storing about what websites you visit. There is a similar ability with IE.

You should also make sure that there is not any spy ware on your computer collecting information. Adaware from lavasoft should kill most of it.

Finally files that you delete on your hard drive are not really gone. They are just marked as rewritable. So until they get written over witch is hard to tell special software can still read the files you delete from your computer. to wipe out theese 'invisible' files your can defragment your hard drive which should clear it or there is some software that will rewrite over your whole drive however to make sure everything is gone.

The implication of computer to the society?

The computer has influenced the society in both constructive and deconstructive ways. For example, while it has allowed much faster transmission of information, it has caused the erosion of human culture.

When and who invented the bluetooth device?

Ericsson was a Swedish company. Two members, Jaap Haartsen and Sven Mattisson began work on a wireless form of communication in 1994. It wasn't until 1999 that Bluetooth was actually released in Bluetooth 1.0 however the following gives credit to Hedy Lamarr although her patent expired before the navy opened her documentation rearding the technology.

Oh, I see there is no further following referencing developmental interest... only following in due credit. *Hedy Lamarr pioneered multiple solutions; And the singular technology of 'Bluetooth' specifications shouldńt be lost in the amassed doctrination sealed by the U.S.Navy.

* note of interest: ideas in advancements were often cooperative combining the most efficient applications with her 2nd husband Hollywood writeŕs help.

Ref.: Nov.2014-Nat´l G.; The History Ch. ´Technological Progress In Comunicationś series

Who is the better company - Nintendo or Sega?

Reasons why Nintendo is better company:

1. SEGA only designs games now, Nintendo still makes both consoles and games.

2. Nintendo was founded in 1889 and had business experience. When SEGA released the master system, they were 25-30 years old. Nintendo was 100.

3. SEGA ended up getting kicked out of the console business and went to work for their former enemy.

In computer terms what is a nibble?

In computer terms a nibble = 4 bits = 1/2 byte.

You can further define the data segment as:

Crumb = 2 bits

Nibble = 4 bits

Byte = 8 bits

Word = 16 bits

Double Word=32 bits

Jury still out on 64 bits and Sentence

In keeping with the spelling of "byte", the lick and nibble are sometimes spelled "lyck" and "nybble"

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A nibble is half a byte, but believe it or not, a byte does not necessarily have to have eight bits. I don't know of any computer platform that uses anything but 8 bit bytes these days, but in computer science terms, a byte is generally the smallest addressable element, and the size needed to store a character. You also might be surprised to know that not all machines use ASCII (eight bit bytes) characters. IBM Mainframes still use EBCDIC under their traditional operating systems, and that stands for Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange code, which accounted for the lion's share of data until a few decades ago. It's an extended version of BCD, which uses 4 bits to express numbers, and there's no technical reason that a BCD based machine couldn't have 4 bit bytes.

It's unlikely that you will ever encounter a computer that doesn't use eight bit bytes, but you may encounter people who studied computer science back in the 1970s.

Back in the "old" days (the 1960's) when computer's didn't have operating systems or hign level programming languages, you always dealt with the byte. On some machines the byte was 8 bits and on others it was 8 bits + a parity bit for 9 bits. There was "even" parity and "odd parity", meaning you set the parity bit on if an even number of bits = 1 in the original 8 bits, or set it on for an odd number of bits = 1 in the original 8 bits. The "word" was originally set to be the size of a register (everything was done through a set of registers). The registers were used to assemble the current instruction that you wanted the computer to execute (what kind of action, like move a byte, add, subtract etc., plus the final length of your data, which determined how many cycles the computer had to go through to execute your instruction, plus where the data was coming from and going to). The "word" length was pegged to the length of the register, meaning that in treating the computer like a book, each register was a word. Since the first computers were totally byte oriented, a word was 8 bits. When 16-bit registers were implemented, they became 16 bits, then 32 bits and now 64 bits. There are some computers today that even have 128 bit words. So a "word" is the length of the registers in whatever computer you are using. It is also the biggest chunk of bits that the computer can process at one time.

The word "nibble" was invented to specify the high-order 4 bits in a byte or the low-order 4 bits in a byte (like eating a nibble from a cookie, instead of the whole cookie). Since a number can be specified in 4 bits, you only needed a "nibble" to store a number. So, if you had a field that was all numbers, you could write it out in "nibbles", using half the space you would have used if it was in bytes. Back in those days, space counted. The first "mainframe" computers had 4k of memory (no, that really is 4k), so you didn't have any space to waste if you were doing something like payroll or inventory management.

In some cases, individual bits within bytes are used to store flags (yes or no for a given attribute) and, in at least one IBM manual, these were referred to as tidbits. IBM was not known for a sense of humor, but the term never became a generally accepted abbreviation.

What is a price of a computer in 1990?

That all depends. On what is in it (Motherboard, processors, hard drives, CD drives....., the list goes on and on), and what on the outside (monitors, printers, scanners....). There are also the programs.

If you are building one, that is a good choice, cause if something stops working, you know how to replace it (because you built it!), and you don't have spend a couple hundred to get it repaired.

www.tigerdirect.com has all you need to build yourself a computer (bare-bones kit)

Now your motherboard can easily get into the thousands, now don't be discouraged by that. A good rule of thumb is the more expensive the faster and more powerful it'll be.

Your hard drive(s), this stores all of the information. If you have lots of pictures, music games, videos, movies, and other stuff, a 500Gb drive would do good. But if you don't want to worry about running out of space you can get a 1Tb drive (Tb is the biggest available on the market). For a 1Tb drive that can cost you about $200.

Next if you have lots of movies or videos, or if you are a gamer, you will want a good graphics card. This device sends the signals to your monitor so you can see what you are doing. Any of the new stuff from the NVidia G-Force line is good for the average gamer or photographer or what ever you do. Those also can get very pricey, several hundred.

Now that's just a few things that are essential in a computer but that doesn't count the monitor/screen, CD drives, speakers, keyboard, mouse, printer, scanner, extra hard drives... I'm sure you get the picture.

What are the elements of computer information system?

  1. Arithmetic Logic Unit
  2. Control Unit
  3. Memory Unit
  4. Input/Output Unit(s)
  5. Bulk Storage Units

Large amounts of data management software is required too. This is always the hardest part.

Length of a computer key board?

The average length of a computer keyboard ultimately depends on the type of keyboard it is. The uncommon small keyboards, packed with only numbers and an enter button (give or take a few buttons), are usually about 5 inches wide, and 7 inches high. The more common keyboards, consisting of the number pad to the side + the QWERTY-styled letter keys, are usually about one-and-a-half feet long. Those without the number pad are usually about one foot long.

How much does an old computer weigh?

Impossible to say, I have one that weighs <9 ounces and have seen and used computers weighing many tons. Some special purpose computers weigh as little as 0.1 ounce and for the function they are designed for outperform general purpose computers weighing many times that.

Why was the whiteboard invented?

== == Teachers who were allergic to calcium sulphate or chalk.

Why do keyboards not have letters in alphabettical order - why is it qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm?

QWERTY has become tradition.

The first typewriters DID have alphabetical layout, but they got too many hammer clashes and the resulting jams, slowing use.

QWERTY was developed to significantly reduce hammer clashes thus making typing on early machines faster. As almost all typewriters became QWERTY most , then all typists were trained on it and nothing else.

It is still tradition, even though computers and modern typewriters do not have the hammer clash problem it was developed to fix.

How was information first stored in computers?

In a variety of ways. As memory technology was the most difficult part of a computer to design, it was not obvious what might be the best way to go. There were nearly as many different types of memory tried as there were computers built between 1946 and 1951. Some of these are:

  • delay lines (various technologies)
  • rotating magnetic drums
  • williams-killburn CRTs
  • selectron tubes
  • flood-gun storage CRTs
  • etc.

Eventually ferrite core magnetic memory replaced almost all other memory types and ruled until the early 1970s, when solid state memory replaced it.

What is the significance of silicon chips in the computer?

Silicon is a metalloid which mean that it contains some properties of metals and nonmetals. Silicon does not conduct heat very well (property of a nonmetal), it is solid at room temp (property of most metals), and has a high melting point so when computers and other electronics are being heavily used they stay together.