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Computer Networking
Computer networks are collections of computers which are connected together in order to communicate and transfer information. Questions about computer networks, networking protocols, and how to set them up belong here.
18,810 Questions
The terms SDU as well as MDU are used in the context of Broadband connections, and more specifically in the context of Fiber Optics networks.
SDU stands for Single Dwelling Unit, and MDU stands for Multi Dwelling Unit.
When analysing or designing Fiber Optics networks of a technology FTTx (Fiber-To-The-x, e.g. FTTH: Fiber-To-The-Home, FTTB: Fiber-To-The-Building etc.) one needs to know where the fiber optic cable ends: at the basement of a building or inside a house or appartment. The cabling and equipment requirements to connect a single home (SDU) are different than those used to connect all the appartments in a multi-level building (MDU). Hence the need for distinction between the dwelling types of the end users of fiber optic connections.
PDU stands for Power Distribution Unit. This is used inside data centers.
When using classful IPv4 addressing a network ID always ends with an octet of?
Always ends with an octet of 0
Is multiuser operating system a multitasking operating system?
Nope it's not, a multiuser OS can be used by many people, one at at time. Lets say you have one computer for the whole family to share, you can use a different login for them so they can only log into their part only after you are done with it.
With a Multitasking OS you can do more then one thing at a time, like, watch a movie on your device and play a game at the same time.
Here's another analogy, rub your belly and at the same time pat your head, that's multitasking.
As network administrator what is the subnet mask that allows 510 hosts given the IP address?
N - network bits
H - host bits
If you are following the first octet rule, this is a class B network with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 (N.N.H.H). We can subnet this by "borrowing" some bits from the host portion. There are 16 network bits and 16 host bits. There is a simple formula to calculate the proper subnet mask.
2 to the power of what equals at least 510(2^X)? We have a total of 16 host bits to borrow from. 2^1...2^2...2^3...Etc
2^9= 512 - 2 = 510 host addresses
We subtract two because the network and broadcast address are not usable addresses. As we can see we need at least 9 host bits to get 510 hosts per subnet.
Take 32 and subtract it from the host bits you need. So 32-9=23. Your subnet mask now has 23 network bits instead of 16.
In binary the original subnet mask would be 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000.
In binary the new subnet mask is 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000.
If you convert this into dotted decimal form you get 255.255.254.0.
TLDR: 172.30.0.0 - 172.30.1.255
255.255.254.0
What is the advantage of DMA transfer?
DMA allows devices to communicate with each other directly, instead of relying on the CPU to manage the transfers. This frees the CPU up to do other tasks, and increases system performance.
How do shutdown lan connected computer through their ip address?
If you are the legitimate administrator of the (Windows) computer in question, you can do this using the Computer Management tool.
If you are not, this is illegal (and the odds are you won't be able to anyway).
What is an advantage to using a protocol that is defined by an open standard?
A computer in a given network is communicating with a specific group of computers. What type of communication is this?
What are the disadvantages of a sever based network over a peer to peer network?
the most advantages of peer to peer network configuration is
- easily setup
- all users can have authorized to control
What are the advantages of MAC Address Filtering?
MAC filtering takes network security to the next level by only granting access to specific network cards.
A MAC (media access control) address is a unique identifier for a network card; no two cards have the same MAC address, so it functions like a fingerprint - even a wireless card and an Ethernet card built-in to the same laptop won't have the same MAC address. Therefore, MAC address filtering adds security by only allowing network cards with the right "fingerprint" to access the network.
However, it should be noted that MAC address filtering is not a strong form of security. MAC addresses are extremely easy to "spoof" - that is, it's easy to fake the address of a legitimate network card. If an attacker is able to identify the MAC address of a permitted network card, they can masquerade as the legit card. Therefore, MAC address filtering is not a replacement for using encryption. MAC address filtering can help security if used in an environment running WPA.
What is the advantage of static routing protocol?
It will always stay the same, and will not change. Usally used to direct internet traffic out of the Local Area Network.
Switches that operate anywhere between Layer 4 and Layer 7 are also known as switches?
Content switches
What is the syntax of static routing?
Static routing means that data from one point to another will always follow the same path, regardless of other considerations. The benefit of static routing is control and predictability, you know what route your data travels and can better protect or track the data. The down side is that you most often lose the redundancy and survivability that is built in to most internet (and properly configured network) communications. In a static route your directions are clear and set. You go here, turn this way, cross this bridge, make another turn and arrive at your destination. This doesn't change even if the bridge is up or a new superhighway is built. Dynamic routing is a simple 'get to this place'. The traffic will almost always find a path regardless of burnt bridges or flooded highways. It may not be as efficient, but it is more likely to succeed if something is less than perfect. It's also less organized. Data packets may not always follow the same route. If you send ten cars from Los Angeles to San Francisco and send them all on exactly the same (static) route, they will probably arrive in the same order they left IF everything is OK along the way. If you send ten card from LAX to SFO and don't give them directions (dynamic), they may not arrive in the same order they left, but they are more likely to arrive.
What layer of the OSI model provides connectivity and path selection between two host systems?
The layer of the OSI model provides connectivity and path selection between two end systems where routing occurs in the network layer. The layer of the OSI model provides network services to processes in electronic mail and file transfer programs is application.
Identify the form of attack where a valid transmission is recorded to later be used to fraudulently authenticate to a server
What is the full form of ieee standard 802.3?
MAC addresses are formed
according to the rules of one of
three numbering name spaces
managed by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE)
Input device vs output device?
An input device is any device that is used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system.
Examples:
* Keyboard * Mouse * Microphone * Web cam
An output device is any computer hardware equipment used to communicate the results of data processing carried out by a computer.
Examples:
* Monitor * Printer * Projectors * Speakers
Can you get the IP address of someone sending you an email or locate them by another means?
Change the options in your email so you can view full headers. Look where it says X-originating IP, that should be the sender's IP. However, this does not do you much good unless you know how to trace the IP. Even then, however, does not mean you will get any resolution to a problem.
You may be able to get their IP address via the X-Originating-IP header or other means, but that doesn't mean locating them. They could be sending email through a proxy or from an internet cafe etc They could also be in a foreign country.
To begin with, you didn't say which IM service is being used. There are of course many possibilities including MSN Instant Messenger, AIM, GTalk, and others. In addition, your dating site may well have implemented their own IM system - it's actually not that hard.
The single biggest problem with IP addresses and most instant messaging services it this: When you create an instant messaging conversation, you're not connecting to the person you're talking with at all. Instead, your instant messaging program connects to the servers that are used by the IM service. When you send an IM your message is sent to those servers, and then from those servers sent on to whomever it is you're IM'ing.
You can use a free email header tracer to obtain the IP address from the email headers and trace the location of the IP address. You just need to follow the instructions on how to obtain the email headers from Microsoft Outlook, Gmail, Hotmail and Yahoo Mail. The free email tracer will locate the Country, Region, City, Latitude, Longitude, ZIPCode, Timezone, ISP, Domain, Netspeed, Areacode and Weather of your IP address.
The smallest LANS do not have a backbone?
Even though the smallest of Lan's have a backbone: NETWORKING GUIDE TO NETWORKING 5TH EDITION PAGE, 201
What is the destination MAC address in a multicast Ethernet frame?
an address that begins with 01-00-5E in hexadecimal
