Computer Programming

A credential program is a structured educational course designed to provide individuals with the specific skills and qualifications needed to obtain a professional credential or license in a particular field. These programs often focus on practical training and may include coursework, assessments, and field experiences. They are commonly found in areas such as education, healthcare, and technical trades, helping participants enhance their employability and expertise. Credential programs can vary in duration and may lead to certification or licensure upon completion.

It is used for

1.to do complex computations

2. for data analysis

3. modelling

4.Calculations

5.Storage and Data Transfer

6.Mapping

-SubhaGolu

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<math.h>

void main()

{

float len,bre,area;

clrscr();

printf("\n\n\t\tEnter the length of the rectangle=\t");

scanf("%d",&len);

printf("\n\n\t\tEnter the breadth of the rectangle=\t");

scanf("%d",&bre);

printf("\n\n\t\tArea of the rectangle=\t%3f",area=l*b);

getch();

}

Tata Consultancy Services, with is a division of Tata, one of the largest companies in India

71

79

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109

The series:

Sn+1 = Sn + Sum of the digits of Sn with S0 = 11

1. //ALGORITHM:Bin search(a,i,l,x).

2. //given an array a(i,l) of elements in non-decreasing.

3.// order,1<=i<=l,determine wether x is present and

4. //if so,return j such that x=a[j],else return 0.

5. {

6. if(l=i) then

{

if(x=a[i] then return i;

else return 0;

}

else

{

mid=[(i+l)/2]

if(x-a[mid] then return mid

else if(x<a[mid]) then

return Bin search(a,i,mid-1,x)

else return Bin search(a.mid+1,l,x)

}

}

In this Method number of operations are counted. The actual time is proportional to this count.

The highest order of the frequency count variable in the total time expression is known as Order of the complexity denoted by Big Oh notation i.e O().

Less the order of complexity , more efficient is the algorithm.

Vinay kr. sharma

(Mtech)

(Sr. Faculty in Uptron Acl- South x-I)

As an example, suppose a travel agent wanted customers to be able to identify desired destinations and dates of travel, at which time the agent would present the customer with a customized Web page containing only the information pertinent to that customer's needs. In this case the travel agent's website would first provide a Web page that presented a customer with the available destinations. On the basis of this information, the customer would specify the destinations of interest and desired dates of travel (a client-side activity).

Another example occurs when using the services of a search engine. In this case a user at the client specifies a topic of interest (a client-side activity) which is then transferred to the search engine where a customized Web page identifying documents of possible interest is constructed (a server-side activity) and sent back to the client.

Induction:

1. A tree of one node has two NULL-pointers.

2. Whenever you add a node to a tree, you remove one NULL-pointer (from the parent of the new node), and add two (the child's of the new node) in the same time.

A zero based integer is a number that is either zero or a whole number. Zero based integers are usually used in programming computers with a binary code.

Disadvantages of File Processing Systems include:

1. Program-Data Dependence. File descriptions are stored within each application program that accesses a given file.

2. Duplication of Data. Applications are developed independently in file processing systems leading to unplanned duplicate files. Duplication is wasteful as it requires additional storage space and changes in one file must be made manually in all files. This also results in loss of data integrity. It is also possible that the same data item may have different names in different files, or the same name may be used for different data items in different files.

3. Limited data sharing. Each application has its own private files with little opportunity to share data outside their own applications. A requested report may require data from several incompatible files in separate systems.

4. Lengthy Development Times. There is little opportunity to leverage previous development efforts. Each new application requires the developer to start from scratch by designing new file formats and descriptions

5. Excessive Program Maintenance. The preceding factors create a heavy program maintenance load. 6. Integrity Problem. The problem of integrity is the problem of ensuring that the data in the database is accentuate. 7. Inconsistance data 8. Security ---- . The Problem of security in file processing is Non Programmer can retrieve modify, delete and insert the data in data base. But this is not possible in DBMS

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The original Pascal programming language was designed by Niklaus Wirth between 1968 and 1969, published in 1970. Object Pascal was developed in 1985 by Larry Tessler, in consultation with Wirth.

Multiple ways, try to de-fragment it, or the biggest help switch to a linux operating system.

Assembly uses commands you can begin to understand, like JSR (Jump to subroutine which changes points in a code) machine code on the other hand is the code that the machine reads. This would only look like numbers to you, probably in hex code. Basically the higher level a language is the easier to understand because of the level of abstraction. It goes, machine code, assembly language, then things like C then java or visual basic. In VB you can write commands almost the same as you would construct an English sentence, the compiler then converts this down to machine code which the processor can understand and execute.

Got it?

The Multimedia PC, or MPC, was a recommended configuration for a PC with a http://www.answers.com/topic/cd-rom drive. The standard was set and named by the "Multimedia PC Marketing Council", which was a working group of the http://www.answers.com/topic/software-and-information-industry-association (now the Software and Information Industry Association). The MPMC comprised companies including http://www.answers.com/topic/microsoft, http://www.answers.com/topic/creative-technology, http://www.answers.com/topic/dell-technology, http://www.answers.com/topic/gateway-computers-1, and http://www.answers.com/topic/fujitsu. Any PC with the required standards could be called an "MPC" by licensing the use of the logo from the SPA. CD-ROM drives were just coming to market in http://www.answers.com/topic/1990, and it was difficult to concisely communicate to a consumer all the hardware requirements for using "multimedia software", which mostly meant "displaying video on a PC via a CD-ROM drive". The MPC standard was supposed to communicate this concisely, so a consumer buying hardware or software could simply look for the MPC logo and be assured of compatibility. The MPC program was never a success and it is rare today to see software or hardware labeled with the term "MPC". As the standardized term failed to catch on, and as the Software Publishers Association turned away from consumer software in the late http://www.answers.com/topic/ninety, interest in the MPC standard vanished. The problem of software labeling continues, especially in the field of http://www.answers.com/topic/personal-computer-game, where a plethora of 3D video cards has been manufactured with an extremely wide range of display capabilities, and no common industry labeling standard to let consumers know whether their card is powerful enough to let them play a particular game. The first MPC minimum standard, set in 1990, was: * 16 http://www.answers.com/topic/hertz http://www.answers.com/topic/386sx CPU * 2 http://www.answers.com/topic/megabyte http://www.answers.com/topic/ram-memory-device * 30 MB http://www.answers.com/topic/hard-disk-drive-1 * http://www.answers.com/topic/8-bit-color, 640×480 http://www.answers.com/topic/video-graphics-array video card * 1x (single speed) http://www.answers.com/topic/cd-rom drive using no more than 40% of CPU to read, with < 1 second http://www.answers.com/topic/seek-time * http://www.answers.com/topic/sound-card outputting 22 kHz, http://www.answers.com/topic/quantization-sound-processing; and inputting 11 kHz, 8-bit sound * http://www.answers.com/topic/windows-3-0 with Multimedia Extensions. In 1993, an MPC Level 2 minimum standard was announced: * 25 MHz http://www.answers.com/topic/intel-80486sx CPU * 4 MB RAM * 160 MB hard disk * http://www.answers.com/topic/16-bit-color, 640×480 VGA video card * 2x (double speed) CD-ROM drive using no more than 40% of CPU to read at 1x, with < 400 http://www.answers.com/topic/1-e-3-s seek time * Sound card outputting 44 kHz, 16-bit "http://www.answers.com/topic/compact-disc" sound. * Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions, or http://www.answers.com/topic/windows-3-1x In 1996, MPC Level 3 was announced: * 75 MHz http://www.answers.com/topic/pentium CPU * 8 MB RAM * 540 MB hard disk * Video system that can show 352×240 at 30 http://www.answers.com/topic/frame-rate, 16-bit color * http://www.answers.com/topic/mpeg-1 hardware or software video playback * 4x CD-ROM drive using no more than 40% of CPU to read, with < 250 ms http://www.answers.com/topic/seek-time * Sound card outputting 44 kHz, 16-bit "CD quality" sound. * http://www.answers.com/topic/windows-3-1x

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Commercial data processing "involves a large volume of input data, relatively few computational operations, and a large volume of output." Accounting programs are the prototypical examples of data processing applications. Information systems (IS) is the field that studies such organizational computer systems.

According to the scenario of bangladesh, php and .Net is now the king and java is the grand pa

Object-based programming language is a language that supports all the features of object oriented programming features like classes,object,encapsulation ,abstraction,polymorphism etc except inheritence.

In a programming language (such as Basic, C, COBOL, FORTRAN, and so on), you write lines of code that perform one operation after another until the program completes its tasks. The program may execute its lines of code in a linear sequence or loop to repeat some steps or branch to skip others. In any case, when writing a program in a procedural language, the programmer specifies what is to be done and how to do it.

SQL, on the other hand, is a query language in that you tell SQL what you want to do without specifying exactly how to accomplish the task. The DBMS decides the best way to perform the job.

Suppose, for example, that you have a CUSTOMER table, and you want a list of customers that owe you more than $1,000.00. You could tell the DBMS to generate the report with this SQL statement:

SELECT

NAME, ADDRESS, CITY, STATE, ZIP, PHONE_NUMBER,

BALANCE_DUE

FROM

CUSTOMER

WHERE

BALANCE_DUE > 1000.00

If writing a procedural program, you would have to write the control loop that reads each row (record) in the table, decides whether to print the values in the columns (fields), and moves on to the next row until it reaches the end of the table. In SQL, you specify only the data you want to see. The DBMS then examines the database and decides how best to fulfill your request.

In general, an attribute is a property or characteristic. Color, for example, is an attribute of your hair. In using or programming computers, an attribute is a changeable property or characteristic of some component of a program that can be set to different values.

1. The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation and maintenance of software, that is, the application of engineering to software.

2. The study of the approaches as in (1).