Confederate States of America

South

On May 14, 1607, Captain Edward Maria Wingfield, elected president of the governing council on April 25, selected a piece of land on a large peninsula, some 40 miles inland from the Atlantic Ocean, as a prime location for a fortified settlement. The Peninsula was surrounded by the York river in the north, the James river in the south and the Chesapeake bay in the east of the peninsula. This settlement was Jamestown, Virginia.

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Even while the Civil War was in progress, the federal government offered amnesty to Confederate citizens in an attempt to encourage loyalty to the Union and to begin the process of reconstruction. The Confiscation Act of 1862 authorized the president of the United States to pardon anyone involved in the rebellion. The Amnesty Proclamation of December 8, 1863, offered pardons to those who had not held a Confederate civil office, had not mistreated Union prisoners, and would sign an oath of allegiance. Another limited amnesty that targeted Southern civilians came into effect on May 26, 1864.

On April 9th 1865, when General Robert E. Lee surrendered his Army of Northern Virginia to General Ulysses S. Grant, the men and officers were allowed to return to their homes, not to be disturbed by United States authority so long as they observe their paroles and the laws in force where they may reside. This stipulation allowed Confederate soldiers to return to their homes without the threat of trials for treason.

On May 29, 1865, President Andrew Johnson provided for amnesty and the return of property to those who would take an oath of allegiance. However, former Confederate government officials, officers with the rank of colonel and above from the Confederate army or lieutenant and above from the Confederate navy, and people owning more than $20,000 worth of property had to apply for individual pardons. Though it was difficult for ex-Confederates to ask for a pardon for something they did not believe had been wrong, thousands did ask for and receive amnesty from President Johnson.

On Christmas Day 1868, Johnson granted an unconditional pardon to all Civil War participants except high-ranking military and civil officials. In May 1872 the Congressional Amnesty Act gave the right to hold office again to almost all Southern leaders who had been excluded from public office by the 14th Amendment.

Former President of the Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis was arrested on May 10, 1861, and charged with conspiracy to assassinate President Lincoln. The US Government had planned to bring Jefferson Davis to trial, for treason or other charges. For some of the charges, such as conspiracy in the assassination of Lincoln, there was not enough evidence; for charges of treason it seemed quite possible that Davis would be acquitted.

The government wanted Davis to ask for a pardon, but he refused this, feeling that to do so would be an admission of guilt. Davis actually wanted to stand trial for treason, because he felt certain that he would be vindicated. On May 5, 1867 he was freed on bond at Richmond, and soon after he traveled o a home that had been prepared for him near Montreal, Canada. In October it appeared that he would have to go back to Richmond for a trial, but that likelihood evaporated and he never stood trial at all.

Captain Henry Wirz was the commanding officer of Camp Sumter, a Confederate prisoner of war camp located near Andersonville, Georgia. While commanding this camp, Union prisoners were subject to extreme overcrowding, starvation, little or no protection from the elements and mistreatment at the hands of the guards. Wirz was arrested by federal authorities in May 1865 and charged with conspiracy to impair the lives of Union prisoners of war. He was convicted of the conspiracy charge and 11 of 13 murder charges. He received a death sentence. Wirz asked President Johnson to grant him clemency, but he never received a reply. He was hanged on November 10, 1865.

Henry Wirz was one of only two Confederates, tried, convicted and executed for war crimes during the Civil War. The other was Samuel "Champ" Ferguson. Ferguson was a Confederate Guerrilla who admitted to killing more than 100 people, mostly civilians, who were sympathetic to the Union. He was tried for 53 murders and on October 10, 1865 was convicted and sentenced to death. He was hanged on October 20, 1865.

Prior to 1865, most citizens of the United States considered themselves to be primarily citizens of their respective states and secondarily citizens of the US. As each state ratified the US Constitution independently, they felt they could reverse that decision should the federal government become hostile to their well-being.

Secession was considered a viable political measure for many Americans. During the War of 1812, several New England states considered secession because they opposed that war. When Texas was admitted to the Union as a slave state, Massachusetts considered secession from the Union. Therefore, the southern states seceded in 1860-61 when they felt the US government was hostile to their economic interests.

A lot of people had doubts about their right to secede or whether it was a good idea, but it was obvious that slavery would be outlawed sooner or later and slaves were vitally needed for their agriculture and way of life.

Confederate President Jefferson Davis considered President Lincoln's call for 75,000 volunteers to be a declaration of war against the South. Davis then sent three commissioners to Europe in an attempt to gain recognition for the new Confederacy. Overtures were to made to Belgium, Great Britain, France and Russia. In addition to recognition, Davis was hopeful that treaties of friendship and trade could also be made.

The South hoped to retain the use of slaves to run their plantations, and had decided to secede from the Union to do so. (not be US States, anymore).

Perhaps better stated would be this: The South wished to be an independent nation. This would protect slavery and their way of life. To preserve Southern culture so to speak. In addition, as a new nation, they planned on spreading slavery by controlling places such as Cuba and or other parts of nearby South America.

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The Union blockade of major Southern ports was a method to cut off trade between the Confederacy and foreign countries. The South used torpedoes, fortifications around certain ports and privateers to circumvent Union warships blockading ports. It also had a small war fleet to attack Union ships.

He climbed into the rigging of his flagships, the USS Hartford, and surveyed the scene.He saw he must go ahead into the danger of the minefield.

Because they both had powerful navies that could have relieved the blockade.

The title "Eyes of the Confederacy" refers to the Confederate spy and scout, Belle Boyd. She gained notoriety during the American Civil War for her intelligence-gathering activities, often delivering critical information to Confederate generals. Boyd's daring missions and ability to navigate Union territory made her a significant figure in the Confederate espionage efforts. Her actions contributed to the war's dynamics, highlighting the role of women in the conflict.

Article II of the United States Constitution states that "Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector."

The Battle of Fort Sumter, which set off the American Civil War, occurred in 1861. The battle ended with victory for the Confederacy.

Montgomery, Alabama was the initial confederate capital city. The confederate capital moved to Richmond, Virginia. The last Confederate capital was Danville, Virginia.

The Confederacy was able to obtain loans because it was a defacto state. This is illustrated by international law as it pertained to a blockade of foreign cargo ships attempting to dock at Southern ports. The South would have been able to gain more loans if the international community formally recognized its independence. The South had a government, a constitution and a standing army. It therefore qualified as a nation. Since Britain also bought food from the Union, it was not in her self interest to make the US an enemy. Despite that, a good number of warships were built by Britain for the South.

A notable Confederate general from West Virginia is John B. Floyd. He served as a brigadier general in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War and was involved in several key battles, including the Battle of Fort Donelson. Floyd, originally from Virginia, played a significant role in the early war efforts and was also a politician before and after the conflict.

it depends on the bill

England

The states of the lower south seceded from the Union because they believed that the northern states were working to end the institution of slavery. In 1860, the South Carolina succession convention issued the "Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union. " The primary reason for breaking away from the union was "an increasing hostility on the part of the non-slaveholding States to the institution of slavery. " As examples, they cited northerners interfering with the return of runaway slaves, laws forbidding the transportation of slaves through New York State, New England laws that allowed blacks to vote, and the presence of abolitionist societies in the region. .