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Database Programming

Databases are collections of tables that maintain and display information, often collaboratively; this information can be used for interaction with an application or gaining general knowledge. Questions about database engines and modifying or using them belong in this category.

8,803 Questions

What is pr?

Public relations (PR) is the set of techniques and strategies related to managing how information about an individual or company is disseminated to the public, and especially the media. ... Every individual or entity operating in the public eye faces the spread of information about them or their practices to the public.

What is the importance of database management?

Databases are collections of independently stored information pieces (data), and management of a database involves initial indexing of available data by 'tagging' the individually stored information based on common factors or lack thereof. This is done through assignment of values which represent relevant criteria (i.e. phone numbers, names, addresses, etc.).

When initial values have been assigned one or more relationships between assigned tags can further be defined which allows for the creation of 'groups' or 'pools' which meet programed criteria to make use of a database more user friendly (ie. allows users to search within preset groups like: new clients + high volume + US + wholesale + online sales OR new clients + high volume + US + retail + offline sales, etc.)

If values and relationships are not assigned to the information stored within a database (comparable to a book without numbered pages to refer to) than desired requests for data will take much longer to be processed thereby wasting time and energy that could be used in a constructive and profitable way by available resources which for businesses based on provision of data obviously has a considerable impact.

Database management furthermore involves creation and maintenance of access rights which controls which users can access what content or not. Automatic management of access rights is seen with internet search engines that serve paid ads and have customers that wish to limit their ads to select geographic metropolitan areas. This is done by matching the IP address of the searcher against a list of corresponding IP locations which as such efficiently allows paid content to be delivered to searchers in targeted areas only, while blocking access to those who do not yield a match regardless if the keywords for the submitted search are exactly the same.

What are the differences between positive and negative databases?

There are two different contexts is which these terms are used; the first is regarding "reputation", a positive database contains entries correponding to entities with good, or at least not bad, reputation. A negative database has the entries corresponding to entities with decidedly bad reputation.

In the second context, a positive database is what you normally thing a database to be, say entries containing names and credit-card numbers; a negative database contains all of the possible entries not included in the positive database, i.e., all possible name-creditcard combination except the ones in the positive DB. In fact a negative database has all possible character combinations (or for that matter bit combinations) of a given length that are not present in the negative db. This scheme has a potential for data security and personal privacy.

What is the difference between hyper mart and mega mart?

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= hypermarket =

http://www.answers.com/library/Dictionary-cid-39882

http://www.answers.com/main/words.jsphttp://www.answers.com/library/Dictionary-cid-39882n.A very large commercial establishment that is a combination of a department store and a supermarket.

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http://www.answers.com/main/what_content.jsp

Variation of a supermarket that offers a variety of nonfood items, such as appliances, clothing, and services, in a vast space much larger than a regular supermarket, sometimes in excess of 200,000 square feet; also called superstore. The grocery items are often priced below market to draw traffic into the store; however, the grocery selection is also more limited than in a regular supermarket. Originated in France, the hypermarket has had limited success in the U.S. Due to consumer resistance to the limited grocery selection and the warehouse atmosphere. Success in Europe is attributed to the fact that fewer alternatives are available. Compared to regular supermarkets, a large volume of goods must be sold to break even.

http://www.answers.com/main/words.jsphttp://www.answers.com/library/WordNet-cid-39882http://www.answers.com/library/Wikipedia-cid-39882

List the advantage and disadvantage of database management system?

Answering "List the advantage and disadvantage of object oriented database model?" Answering "List the advantage and disadvantage of object oriented database model?"

What traditional companies use marketing information systems to gather data?

Most all successful companies today use informational resources. It is critical for a number of reasons. The informational data can include, but not limited to:

* Industry trends * Economy

* Demographics

* Competition

* Climate (in some cases)

* Customer behavior

The above are considered external driving forces. In other words, those kinds of things, situtations, events, that ocurr outside of the organization and for the most part are out of the control of the company. Still, it's critical information that companies must secure, analize, and address. There are also internal driving forces that affect the way a company operates. Some of these might include:

* Maintaining up-to-date technology

* Organization of equipment, and/or machinery

* Employee working conditions

* Employee morale

* Organizational overall culture and sub-cultures

* Financial resources

These are usually things, situations, or events that occur within the company, and by in large are under the control of the company. All the above directly or indirectly affects the organization and must be considered as an integral part of the marketing process and strategy development. The above is just in brief.

Was the focus of Carlson's use of a business intelligence a top-line initiative or a bottom-line initiative?

It's a bottom line initiative because they don't try to reduce the prices or improve the service to get more customers. They just want to clarify their contracts and make them more reliable for not spending much of their profits to suppliers. THey just try to reduce their costs and save their income, so this is a bottom line initiative.

How is a disaster recovery business resumption plan developed?

A disaster recovery plan is simply a documented process that enables your business to regain full or partial functionaliy in the event of a disaster. Creating that process can be cumbersome but every business should have one.

It is important to have key management support before trying to create a DRP/BRP/BCP. Recovery systems and technology can be simple and cheap or complex and expensive but their must be money budgeted this expense.

The first and most important step is to define business parts or functionality that need to be recovered in an emergency. Find out what kind of service level is expected from business owners/decision makes and then develop processes to meet those needs. Don't be shy - If they expect 100% service they should expect to pay the costs associated with 100% service.

There are numerous technologies, commercial and open-source, that can help. Some companies may only need backups to tape or replication to offsite locations. Others may need full backup locations called hot sites. Keep in mind, "you get what you pay for". If you don't have a full time IT staff, purchasing commercial services or products for DR may be your best option.

Once you've put technologies in place for DR you'll need to document your plan. Written documentation is best and it needs to be kept up-to-date.

What is the difference between information system and management information system?

Often, they are used interchangeably. Basically, think of an Information System (IS)as that system that is used by and accessable to everyone. Any factory worker may use an Information System to look up a part, or you may use an Information System in the library to find a book. The Management Information System, or MIS, is that system that is used by management to make management decisions. So the factory worker may not have access to the MIS, but the CEO would use the MIS to schedule work flow, hire more employees, make decisions about building new factories. The librarian in your local library would use the IS to find a book but an MIS to schedule other librarians to work on peak traffic days.

What Is ANSI SQL?

ANSI SQL is the American National Standards Institute standardized Structured Query Language. ANSI SQL is the base for several different SQL languages such as T-SQL and PL/SQL. ANSI SQL is used to Create, Alter, and View data stored within a database. For more information about ANSI: http://www.ansi.org/ For more information about SQL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL

How is sparse matrix stored in the memory of a computer?

A sparse matrix contains many (often mostly) zero entries. The basic idea when storing sparse matrices is to only store the non-zero entries as opposed to storing all entries. Depending on the number and distribution of the non-zero entries, different data structures can be used and yield huge savings in memory when compared to a naïve approach. One example of such a sparse matrix format is the (old) Yale Sparse Matrix Format [1]. It stores an initial sparse N×N matrix M in row form using three arrays, A, IA, JA. NZ denotes the number of nonzero entries in matrix M. The array Athen is of length NZ and holds all nonzero entries of M. The array IA stores at IA(i) the position of the first element of row i in the sparse array A. The length of row i is determined by IA(i+1) - IA(i). Therefore IA needs to be of length N + 1. In array JA, the column index of the element A(j) is stored. JA is of length NZ. Another possibility is to use quadtrees

Why are entity integrity and referential integrity important in a database?

Entity integrity ensures that each row in a table is uniquely identified, typically through a primary key, thus maintaining data accuracy and consistency. Referential integrity ensures that relationships between tables are maintained, preventing orphaned or inconsistent data, and promoting data integrity throughout the database. Both are essential in preventing data discrepancies and ensuring data quality in a database.

How do you use sql 'like' and 'and' operators?

AND is an Operator and we use, when both the conditions are to be true.

LIKE is a condition and we use to combine pattern matching characters. (% refers one or more characters and _ (underscore) refers one character) say, select eName, eId, eRole, eSal from the employees where eSal >= 1000 AND eRole like '%Engineer%' Output (e.g:)

{| |- | eName eId eRole eSal Steve Richard E123 Software Engineer 1060 Janet Mayor E069 Senior Software Engineer 4025 |}

Management by exception?

The matters of routine in nature are left to the subordinates / down the cadre therefore, the top management only concentrates on vital / important matters. It overlaps delegation. m b rajendra prasad

What is a transaction?

A transaction is any activity in business that involves money. It occurs when something of value is exchanged with something else of value. The act of recording transactions is called bookkeeping.

What is cash receipt system?

consists of two new cash receipt utilities that instinctively allows the users to post cash, perform write offs, create debit memos, and document special circumstances, all from within the cash application command.

Database made in sql server 2000 can be shifted into sql server 2005?

Yes, a Microsoft SQL Server 2000 database can be hosted on a Microsoft SQL Server 2005 server, and it can also be upgraded to a 2005 database structure under the database properties.

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Yes it can. You can just attach the mdb file with no problem. 2005 & 2008 are fully compatible with 2000 database files.

The action of changing the Compatibility level to the latest value is really optional. I recommend NOT "upgrading the compatibility level". Performance wise, there is no advantage in speed. The Compatibility level is there to ensure features used in the 2000 database are made available to it (ie, some functions are renamed in later version, some are deprecated, etc). So, unless you've done a thorough check (or a very sure), I recommend leaving it at 2000 compatibility.

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Yes absolutely, you can do it. Here is top 4 methods that will help you for this.

1. Backup & Restore

2. Detach & Attach

3. Generate Create Script

4. Copy Database Wizard using SSMS

How do you create a table using the entities and attributes you want to use and listing at least three entities and at least four attributes for each entity?

Entity is an object, can be independent or dependent object. e.g A Student, Lecturer OR Employee can be a entity where as the attributes are the properties of the entity. e,g name, age, birthdate, degree.

to answer your question create 3 X 4 matrix, add entity names in column heading and attributes in a row label. and fill in the information for each entity.

What is the basic difference between RDBMS and DBMS?

DBMS acronym for Database management system. There are number of DBMS like RDBMS, ORDBMS, HRDBMS etc . RDBMS is basically to define relationship between the tales and also it follows various codds rules.

Why do businesses use databases?

Businesses use databases to save all the necessary information that they made throughout their operation. Databases serves as a huge place for compiling all important data that businesses have gather, store it and may use it for their future references.

This may include transactions, cash out or payment / pay roll, employee information, client information, business information, and many more.

What is Management Exception?

Management by exception is a kind of management where the manager put attention on unexpected situations.

What is a deductive database?

The system that is used to make a deduction that is stored in the database is called deductive database. To specify queries, facts and rules it uses datalog as the typical language.

Explain the functioning of the main LAN access control methods?

to access your lan There are a number of different well known access methods: * CSMA/CD * Token passing * Slotted ring The most commont being CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) used in the Ethernet LAN environment.