Electromagnetic Radiation

Ultrasonic waves are high frequency sonic waves. They're sound, which is mechanical energy. Electromagnetic waves are waves of electromagnetic energy, like radio waves or light. Mechanical energy is different from electromagnetic energy, hence the reason for ultrasonic waves not taking the form of electromagnetic waves.

conventional explosives to spread radioactive contamination. This can lead to long-term health risks and cause panic among the public. The psychological impact and economic disruption can be significant, even if the radioactive material itself doesn't cause mass casualties.

No, iPods are not radioactive. They do not emit radiation that could be harmful to human health.

An investigatory project about "bato balani" could involve studying the magnetic properties of different types of stones or minerals and how they can interact with magnetism. You could experiment with using a magnet to test the attraction or repulsion of different rocks or minerals to understand more about their magnetic properties and potential applications. Remember to make sure to conduct your experiments safely and accurately record your observations for analysis.

Increasing the frequency of X or gamma rays decreases their wavelength. This is known as the inverse relationship between frequency and wavelength, where higher frequency corresponds to shorter wavelength and vice versa.

Some food is designed to explode in the microwave: popcorn, for example, is a series of controlled mini-explosions that turn the corn kernels inside-out.

Other food will explode no matter what. Grapes are full of electrolytes, which cause them to spark easily when exposed to microwave radiation.

There are three ways to discourage most other foods from exploding:

1) Remove all metal. Take leftovers out of aluminum trays, for example. This will reduce sparks, which can cause a fire.

2) Pierce the skin, shell, or film, to allow steam to escape. Steam is pressurized water vapor; too much of it, and the container (be it a potato skin or an eggshell) will fail catastrophically.

3) Don't cook at full power. Cooking at about 70% power takes about 50% longer, but produces a more even and thorough heating, with less chance of catastrophic steam buildup. That's because the excess heat in one part of the food (which is being bombarded by the microwaves) will have time to radiate to the cooler regions, heating those parts more thoroughly while allowing the hot spots a chance to cool down.

The unit of grating element is typically specified in terms of distance, such as micrometers (μm) or nanometers (nm), depending on the scale of the grating. It represents the spacing between adjacent slits or lines on the grating surface.

A microwave oven may include a metal component, like a shelf, if it is of the manufacturer's design. A manufacturer can properly design and place a metal component in a microwave oven by ensuring that it is not, and cannot become, a microwave antenna.

If a metal component is designed by the manufacturer, specifically for its ovens, it is safe to use (per the instructions). Utensils, aluminum foil, gilding, and other metal objects act as antennae causing arcing and possible fires, and may cause damage to the oven.

Electromagnetic waves are organized based on their wavelengths and frequencies. From longest to shortest wavelength, they are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. The higher the frequency, the more energy the wave carries.

Aluminum is not very effective at stopping neutron radiation penetration compared to other materials like lead or concrete. Neutrons can easily pass through aluminum due to its relatively low neutron absorption and scattering properties. For effective shielding against neutron radiation, materials with high neutron absorption cross-sections such as boron or water are more suitable.

Exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation, such as from x-rays, nuclear fallout, or certain medical treatments, can be a teratogen that increases the risk of birth defects and developmental abnormalities in unborn babies. It is important for pregnant women to avoid unnecessary exposure to radiation and to follow safety protocols when undergoing medical procedures involving radiation.

For dispersion without deviation, the incident light ray needs to hit the surface of the prism perpendicularly, and the prism must have a symmetrical shape and uniform density throughout. This ensures that each color component of the light ray undergoes an equal but opposite deviation, resulting in no net deviation of the light ray as a whole.

Laser radiation is typically produced using optical amplification of light, often from a stimulated emission process in a gain medium such as a solid, liquid, or gas. This produces coherent light of a specific wavelength which gives lasers their unique properties.

If you run the antenna under test in the receiving mode, then while it is rotated, you'll monitor signals received by the antenna under test. If you run the antenna under test in the transmit mode, then while you rotate it, you'll monitor signals received by a different antenna on the test range. Either way, the varying signal must be monitored at the receiving end of the link. It's a lot more convenient, and a simpler configuration, to have the signal monitor and the rotation/excitation controls for the antenna under test in the same place, in order to react appropriately to any funny things noted during the test run.

Yes, a current-carrying coil can be used as a compass. When a current flows through the coil, it generates a magnetic field which can interact with the Earth's magnetic field, causing the coil to align in a particular direction. This principle is utilized in devices like galvanometers and magnetometers.

Thermocouples generate electrical energy through the Seebeck effect, where a temperature gradient between two different metals or semiconductors creates a voltage difference. When connected in a closed loop, this voltage drives a current to flow, generating electrical energy. This phenomenon is widely used in temperature measurement and control applications.

Infrared waves are located between microwaves and visible light on the electromagnetic spectrum. They have longer wavelengths and lower frequencies than visible light, making them invisible to the human eye but detectable as heat.

Having a successful investigatory project is really a great pleasure to us. Yet all these will not have been possible if not for hardwork, persistence and cooperation among the researchers. We would like to extend our sincerest appreciation to the following people who helped accomplish the Investigatory project. They are the people who contributed much for the success of this endeavor.

First of all,we would like to thank our parents and benefactors who have shown their unending support and provided us with necessary materials we needed.

Second, We would like to thank our Investigatory Project instructor and Biology teacher,Ms. Joan Madrid for teaching us the fundamental research and investigatory writing and for showing a great deal of patience through the time.

Above all, we would like to thank God for giving us the gift of wisdom and understanding and for answering our prayers

Radiation can occur in various mediums, including air, water, and solids. The most common mediums for radiation are air and vacuum, where electromagnetic radiation like light and X-rays travel. In other cases, radiation can also travel through materials like lead or concrete.

An Electromagnetic wavein free space has charge C=4/3 E-18 Coulomb (atto coulomb). The energy of he wave is hf = CWf, where W is the magnetic charge W=500 Weber (volt second). Planck's Constant is the product of the electric and the magnetic charge, h=WC.

The free space impedance is the ratio of the charges z=W/C = 375 Ohms.

An electromagnetic wave in free space has no charge. It might be caused by a charge that is accelerating, but it has no charge in and of itself.

There is no such thing as a "magnetic charge."

Planck's Constant has no connection whatsoever with either the electric charge or the non-existent magnetic charge.

A weber is NOT a volt-second.

Light determines color by its wavelength, with different wavelengths corresponding to different colors in the visible spectrum. When light interacts with an object, certain wavelengths are absorbed and others are reflected or transmitted. The reflected or transmitted wavelengths determine the color that we perceive.

Medical tracers and also for treating cancers. Some can be used for industrial x-rays. (They used to have very many uses that are now illegal - like luminous paints.) Smoke alarms use a tiny pellet of an alpha source - Americium. This isotope ionises the air within the detector to create a tiny standing current. Smoke disrupts this current and triggers the alarm. This use is controversial and its use is being phased-out in some parts of the world.

A pocket of radiation is a place where radiation is highly concentrated.

Found usually around metal objects as metal will store radiation much longer.

When Chernobyl accident toke place, the force of the reactor explosion blasted large amount of debris up in the air, witch came back down around the reactor. This debris is highly radioactive and usually the cause of these Pockets of Radiation.

Yes, the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum consists of wavelengths between approximately 400 to 700 nanometers. This range is a small portion of the entire electromagnetic spectrum, which includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

low frequency radio

high frequency radio including microwave

heat

here --> . . . . . infrared . . . . .

red light

orange light

yellow light

green light

blue light

violet light

ultraviolet radiation

X-rays

gamma rays

cosmic rays