Electronics Engineering

that is called a form factor which is always b 1.1

Most Digital Multi-Meters (DMM's) have a diode test function the symbol looks something like this >| (picture the greater than sign as a black triangle pointing to and touching the redline).

Initially you should practice on a known good transistor, so you'll be able to tell if you have a bad one.

1) Ensure the transistor is out of circuit.

2) Set the DMM to the diode function.

3) Touch the positive (red) and negative (black) probes to any two leads on the transistor until you get a reading other than infinity.

4) Once you get a reading leave one of the probes on one of the leads (it doesn't matter which one).

5) Take the other probe and touch the third lead. If you don't get a reading other than infinity go back to step 4, this time leave the other probe on the lead it was originally on, when you got the reading other than infinity.

6) Now take the other probe and touch it to the third lead, you should get a reading other than infinity. If not, go back and repeat steps 3-6, but start with 2 different leads, until you can leave 1 lead in place and get a reading other than infinity on the other 2 leads.

7) If you kept the Positive lead in place you have an NPN transistor. If you kept the Negative lead in place you have a PNP transistor.

8) The probe you left in place denotes the Base.

9) On the probe that you swapped, the lead with the lower reading is the Collector and the lead with the higher reading is the Emitter.

If the question is what is the waveform for 2 Mhz, then 500nS is the answer (equasion used is f=1/t)

If the question is what is the waveform for 2mHz, then 500 S is the answer.

Arif Ullah khan utman kheel

this is because for conductor E parallel is zero this means that the surface of the wave guide is at equipotential and this potential follow the laplace equation .it means that there is no maxima and minima inside the wave guide . this means that the electric field inside zero . hence the TEM do not exist in wave guide only TE and TM can be exist . if we place some conductor in the wave guide then the conductor inside will not be equipotential and the TEM waves can be exist . like in Coaxial cables

The Fourier series is important because it allows one to model periodic signals as a sum of distinct harmonic components. In other words, representing signals in this way allows one to see the harmonics in a signal distinctly, which makes it easy to see what frequencies the signal contains in order to filter/manipulate particular frequency components.

the function of an led is to give of light coming through an electrical circuit

we can do analog signal processing also but it is very expensive as comparing with digital signal processing that's why we generally choose the digital signal processing.DSP allows programmable operations.But we cannot do in ASP.

Depends on what kind of robot. A simple robot that can be easily built into different robots is the LEGO Mindstorms NXT. Go to www.lego.com for more info.

Ohms is a measure of impedance (resistance), not volume.

When we see the prefix kilo, it means times one thousand, or x 1000. If we have 9.54 kilohms, we have 9.54 x 1000 ohms = 9,540 ohms.

Paul Baran originally invented the packet switching concept in the early 1960's. Donald Davies also independently invented the idea a few years later. Then, Leonard Kleinrock conducted early research in the related field of digital message switching. He also helped build the ARPANET, the world's first packet switching network.

A diode allows only current flow in one direction under normal operation. Exceed the operating voltage and it can break down allowing bi-directional flow.

Electricity is the interaction of many components. These include electric charges, electric fields, electric potentials, electric currents, and electromagnets.

No, a Transistor operates with a modulated direct current. You need 4 Diodes to manufacture a rectifier to deliver direct current at the outlet, with alternating current at the input. A Diode is effectively a one way valve to address one halve of the cycle of the alternating current.

Resistors are quite small.

We use colour codes in order to be able to fit a lot of information in little space.

Each colour represent a number.

Each band of colour have its own representation.

On a 4 band resistor, the first two are actual values, the third is a multiplier and the fourth is accuracy.

Please check out related question and answer down below for more information.

A light switch

A Smoothing Capacitor is a capacitor which helps to smooth out fluctuations that may exist on a power supply line.

it will be the X-OR gate of D and the output Q

In a two stage RC coupled amplifier, the two transistors are identical and a common power supply is used. The input is provided to the first stage of the amplifier where it is amplified and this output is used as input for the second stage. This is amplied once again by the other transistor in the second stage and the final output is obtained. There will be a 180 degree phase shift after the first stage amplification which is nullified by the 180 degree phase shift of the second stage amplification.Thus, we obtain an output which is an amplified signal of the input and is in phase with the input signal.

A 120V power supply connected to a 30 Ohm resistor will produce 120/30 or 4 amps of current.

1. Cheap to make.

2. Little heat whilst working.

3. Low power consumption.

4. Can utilize very high frequenzies (50-100 Khz is not uncommon.)

5. Very energy-efficient when used to convert voltages or to dim light bulbs.

6. High power handling capability

7. Efficiency up to 90%

Connect ammeter in series and voltmeter in parallel to the circuit

Two good Insulators are foam and styrafoam