Electronics Engineering

Here is circuit 9V power supply regulator with battery 12V backup system.

Use IC 7812 and 7805 control voltage output by R3 1K output 9V 1A max. This is a 9V power supply which will work even on power failure. It uses a rechargeable battery and regulators. A transformer with 15-0-15 AC volts output is required. In the first regulator U1 the output is lifted up by 1.4V and in the second regulator U2 by a resistor divider. In the second regulator the voltage across resistor R3 is 5V, so the current is 5V / 1K = 5mA this adds to the quiescent current of 5mA from the regulators ground terminal and flows into the resistors R1 and R2 in parallel which form 404 ohms, 10mA thru 404 ohms is 4V. So the output will be 5 + 4 = 9V. Note that the charge and discharge paths of the battery are separated with diodes.

26323

Greater value resistor will absorb more voltage than smaller value. The more voltage absorb with same value current flow, the larger body mass resistor will require. Body size depends on type of resistor (material resistor is made of).

A diode (some people incorrectly call them rectifiers) is a semiconductor device that allows a current to flow in one direction. A Zener diode allows a reverse to current to flow at a defined voltage. A common application for them is as a voltage regulator. Named for C M Zener , US Physicist. A zener diode is a diode and like all diodes it will conduct in both directions. If a reversed voltage is applied it will breakdown and conduct current. Most diodes when they breakdown the reversed voltage cannot be predictable. However a zener diode when they do breakdown in the reverse voltage mode that voltage can be made as predictable and remain +/- % of the breakdown voltage. Therefore this steady voltage can be used as a regulator for instance or a definite voltage drop if need be.

Although there are many filter types and ways to implement them, here's an active low-pass filter that's greatly simplified if R1=R2 and the op amp stage is a unity gain follower (RB=short and RA=open). Designing a 2-pole Butterworth filter requires just a few steps. 1. Choose a cutoff frequency fo (Hz). As an example, select fo=10 kHz to reduce a noise signal at 50 kHz and pass your desired signals below 5 kHz. 2. Pick a convenient cap value C2 between 100pF and 0.1 uF. Suppose you've got plenty of 1000pF caps in stock, select this value for C2. 3. Make C1 = 2 x C2 C1 = 2 · C2 = 2000pF 4. Calculate R1 = R2 = 0.707 / (2 · π · fo · C2) R1 = R2 = 0.707 / (2 · π · 10kHz · 1000pF) = 11.2 K ohms ......Rajiv......(scet)

Sounds like a relay to me.

the things which are created by humans is called artificial things, example robots

In television system for video transmission AM is used and for audio transmission FM is used....

A processor which is embedded into the motherboard, therefore the CPU cannot be interchanged just like a normal socket style CPU can. They're usually found in portable devices such as watches and MP3 players, and also in industry such as traffic lights and power station controllers.

Changing the way of the battery will reverse the electron and conventional current flow. By using an AC (Alternating Current) power supply instead of DC (Direct Current) the flow of current can be altered.

voltage is equal to resistance multiplyed by current. you have the 2 pieces of info, just multiply

No. A battery is a constant voltage source. Batteries are sold as having a specific voltage (1.2 volts, or 1.5 volts per cell), not a specific current.

ohms law states V = I*R; V = (.005)(1000) = 5volts.

There is no way to answer without knowing the wattage rating of the 9 volt generator. A generator's wattage rating depends on the size of the wire in it, the wattage of the rectifiers if it is a DC generator, and the horse power of the engine or motor that is available to turn the generator.

The transmission characteristic of a fiber optic channel is highly non-linear. It makes it a very bad medium for analog signals. Luckily it doesn't interfere with digital transmissions.

YES, unit step function is periodic because its power is finite that is 1/2..

and having infinite energy.

Oscilloscopes only measure voltage over time. Current cannot be measured with an Oscilloscope directly, but can be measured indirectly. Measure the voltage across a known load and calculate the current.

The main difference is that lighting caps are required to contain a bleed resistor in parallel across the cap s terminals to drain the high voltage contained in the capacitor to safe levels (usually within a minute or so) after the equipment is switched off. Motor run caps don't require bleed resistors due to them being constantly connected to the motor windings which act like a resistor to drain the capacitor after use.

in a un-doped semiconductor charge carrier can move in any direction under applied potential difference. but when it is doped with p and n type then a junction gets form around which due to concentration gradient depletion region gets formed. now, this pn juncton will conduct current only when forward bias and stops (still leakage current is there) when reverse bias. thus it acts as a rectifier now

How much current? Volts/Amps = Ohms. In your case Volts = 1.5

micro farad

A capacitor is a device used in most electronic devices to store electric charge in order to keep the system functioning. If for example a television was in used for a few hours and then shot down, if aTechnical has to perform some hardware services on the device due to some malfunctions, He needs to handle the capacitor with care or have it discharged before touching it with his bare hands, otherwise he stands the risk of electric shock and consequently death.

uplink frequency-1710-1785MHz

downlink frequency-1805-1880

Cathode and an anode
They are called the "anode" and the "cathode", just like every other diode ever built.