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Electronics Engineering
Electronics Engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with practical applications of electronic components, devices, systems, or equipment. Electronics are devices that operate on low voltage sources, as in electron tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards and use electricity as part of its driving force.
24,372 Questions
What are the uses of transistor in circuits?
Basically each and every amplifier circuit is made up of coupling or use of transistors.
The amplifier amplifies the signals because transistor makes either voltage or current to rise as a result of either of it's regions of operation i.e. open circuit(cut off region) or short circuit (saturation region)
Both the operation regions are not required continuously. Hecne the transistor works in either saturation or cut off regions only when emitter-base junction is forward biased, which can be applied as per requirement.
APPLICATIONS OF TRANSISTOR AND HENCE AMPLIFIERS ARE :
OSCILLATORS, LOUD-SPEAKERS, POWER AMPLIFIERS, VOLTAGE AMPLIFIERS, CURRENT AMPLIFIERS, ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER, DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS
Do electrons get used up as they go around the circuit?
A: NO they are not lost they just stop from flowing from nucleus to nucleus and resume their orbit to maintain balance with the structure of with nucleus
It is analogue as it can have more than one value unlike digital which has two main values which are 1 or 0.
A transformer's capacity is rated in volt amperes(V.A). This is the product of the secondary winding's current rating and voltage rating.
Who was the first to invent a microchip?
The monolithic integrated circuit was invented by Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments in 1958. It was made of a single crystal of germanium. Although all the components were made together in that crystal their interconnections still had to be wired.
In early 1959 Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor invented an improved integrated circuit using silicon. The use of silicon instead of germanium allowed passivation of the chip surface with an insulating layer of silicon dioxide and interconnecting the components with a layer of metal over that. These were the first practical monolithic integrated circuits and Kilby's original design never went into production.
What is a direct coupled amplifier?
Quite simply, it's an amplifier wherein the stages as set up so that the output of one stage is coupled directly into the input of the next stage without any wave shaping or tuninig components between them. This makes for fairly flat frequency response. A link is provided to the Wikipedia article on direct coupling.
How can you change high volts to 9 volts?
A voltage divider (two resistors in series) will achieve the required result. The value of the resistors will depend on what current is required to be supplied. It also matters what variation from 3V is allowed since taking current will make the voltage drop.
An electronics parts shop will sell components to make a more efficient system.
Or you could get 3 voltage regulators .. 9V then 5V then 3V in series .. that should keep the voltage stable as long as the 9V supply is
What way does a diode conduct?
A typical diode has a band on one end of the diode. That is considered the positive end. Current is considered to flow from the negative end to the positive end. In power diodes, they can be of two types-- positive polarity and negative polarity. Power diodes are usually designed with one end of the diode to be mounted in a heat sink. Since the desire is to allow current to flow in only one direction, the engineering of the circuit determines which way the current is designed to flow, hence the designation of positive or negative diodes especially for power diodes. A typical car alternator has 3 positive diodes and 3 negative diodes for a total of six.
Current, I is equal to V (voltage) divided by R (resistance); Hence: I=V/R = 9V/200 ohms: I = 0.045 Amps, or 45ma (milliamps).
Transformers works on the Principle of?
If you mean how they work then magnetic fields
Induction. Voltage applied to one winding induces a voltage in another winding. The voltage induced is dependent upon the turns ratio between the two windings.
Current is said to be induced in the other winding as well (since a voltage is induced, current will flow if the circuit is complete). Depending on the transformer type, current may flow directly from the series winding (in autotransformers, for example) to the secondary output (conduction, as opposed to induction).
To answer these questions I will tell you which devices or equipments are inductive.
These include:
- Transformers
- Hair clipers,hair blowers,
- motors
You hopefully know what those devices or equipments are used for,hence why we use inductors.
Why must a satellite have a distinct up link and down link frequencies?
These are frequencies used for satellite communications.
Usually in the Gigahertz bands.
Uplink is on a differenct channel to downlink, to avoid interferece.
The Uplink, is the signal sent to the satellite, via a dish antenna, which focuses the signal in the direction of the satellite.
On board the satellite, this signal is changed and re-transmitted, on a different frequency (Downlink), and beamed back to earth.
This way huge distances can be covered on earth, despite the curvature and with minimal power.
Advantages of intermediate frequency?
The intermediate frequency, or IF, in a superhetrodyne receiver is used to tune the desired signal.
The IF stage is tuned to a specific, fixed frequency, usually 455 kHz for AM and 10.7 MHz for FM. Since the IF stage does not need to be adjustable, it can be designed for high performance, tight bandpass operation.
This is far easier to do than creating an adjustable RF stage with tight bandpass operation. Instead, the RF stage is broadband and the IF stage is narrow band.
The actual tuning of the receiver is done by varying the local oscillator that is mixed with the radio frequency (RF) signal just upstream of the IF stage. The difference frequency of the output of the mixer is then amplified by the IF stage.
The audio information, to be fed to an amplifier and be heard on the speaker, is extracted after the last IF stage - either by a detector in AM or discriminator in FM.
What happens to the current flow in a circuit when a second component is added in series?
The total current decreases.
According to the Ohm's law the current & the resistance are inversely proportional so when we put a load in series with the existing load, the resistance of the circuit increases therefor the current decreases.
What is a line to line voltage?
In a 3 phase system, the voltage measured between any two phase is called line to line voltage.
And the voltage measured between line to neutral is called phase to neutral (line to neutral) voltage.
AnswerThere is no such thing as a 'phase-to-phase' or a 'phase-to-neutral' voltage. The correct terms are 'line-to-line' and 'line-to-neutral'.
The voltage between any two line conductors is called a line voltage.
In a three-phase, three-wire, system, the line voltage is numerically equal to the phase voltage.
In a three-phase, four-wire, system, the voltage between any line conductor and the neutral conductor is called a phase voltage. The line voltage is 1.732 times larger than the phase voltage.
Can you combine two generators circuits together?
Proton LED engineer in Lyons GA says: the two circuits would have to be in phase in order to combine them.
*Actually you can always combine generator circuits. The problem comes in with HOW in phase the circuits are. If the generators are in phase (0 degrees apart) their AC voltages and currents would combine completely, but if they are out of phase (90 degrees apart) the voltages and currents will appose each other to such an extent that they will basically cancel each other out. The trick is to apply some sort of phase correction to one of the circuits in order to modify the phase difference between the two so that you can get the desired power output. Just be careful not to exceed your rated line currents when combining two generator circuits, otherwise things could get smoky! - Tristan JvR
Why are motors lamps and other resistors considered a loads in electrical circuits?
Because they use electrical energy to produce mechanical energy or heat energy
Is Capacitor linear or nonlinear?
A: capacitor behaves as a linear element as the current is independent of voltage across it. current (as o/p) varies as the time rate of change of voltage across it. so capacitor rarely shows appreciable non linearity, if it is operated in the specified voltage limit
Why are LEDs different lengths?
To make it easier to see which is positive - anode, and which is negative - cathode.
You need to know that, because the LED will only light if the positive and negative
terminals of the battery are connected to the correct sides of the LED.
3
3 ohms
What are examples of conductors in your home?
A semiconductor is a substance, usually a solid chemical element or compound, that can conduct electricity under some conditions but not others, making it a good medium for the control of electrical current. Every consumer electronic device uses this technology.
Radio signals are broadcast by what waves?
Radio waves are electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves include waves such as X rays, ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared rays and so on, but you probably imagine radio waves to be quite different from these waves. Of the various kinds of electromagnetic waves, radio waves have a longer wave length than infrared rays, and are defined by the Radio Law as 'electromagnetic waves with a frequency of less than 3,000 GHz (3 THz)'
Ultralow frequency radio waves
below 3kHz
radio waves
3kHz~
3THz infrared rays
3THz~
380THz visible light
380THz~
790THz ultraviolet light
790THz~
105THz X rays
105THz~
107THz γ rays
above 107THz
Names of radio waves Frequency Wave length Principal applications VLF(Very Low Frequency) 3kHz ~ 30kHz 100km ~ 10km LF(Low Frequency) 30kHz ~ 300kHz 10km ~ 1km Vessel / Airplane beacon MF(Medium Frequency) 300kHz ~ 3MHz 1km ~ 100m AM radio, Marine radio, Amateur radio HF(High Frequency) 3MHz ~ 30MHz 100m ~ 10m Shortwave broadcasting, Marine / Air radio, Amateur radio VHF(Very High Frequency) 30MHz ~ 300MHz 10m ~ 1m TV, FM, Fire radio, Police radio, Disaster PA radio network UHF(Ultra High Frequency) 300MHz ~ 3GHz 1m ~ 10cm Low power radio, Mobile-phone, Taxi radio, Amateur radio, TV, Wireless LAN SHF(Super High Frequency) 3GHz ~ 30GHz 10cm ~ 1cm Satellite broadcasting, Radar EHF(Extremely High Frequency) 30GHz ~ 300GHz 1cm ~ 1mm Satellite broadcasting, Radio astronomy, Radar submillimeter waves 300GHz ~ 3THz 1mm ~ 0.1mm
Is better to work at 4 ohms or 8 ohms?
There is really no 4 ohm or 8 ohm amplifier on the market with an output impedance of 4 or 8 ohms for power matching. You will find there 0.4 ohm or less for voltage bridging. There is really no 4 ohm or 8 ohm amplifier on the market with an output impedance of 4 or 8 ohms for power matching. You will find there 0.4 ohm or less for voltage bridging.
