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Electronics Engineering

Electronics Engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with practical applications of electronic components, devices, systems, or equipment. Electronics are devices that operate on low voltage sources, as in electron tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards and use electricity as part of its driving force.

24,372 Questions

What is the allowable voltage drop for a branch ct?

The voltage drop in any branch (closed loop) of a series parallel circuit is equal to the APPLIED VOLTAGE(NOVANET)

Without looking in my codebook, I believe it is 2% on a branch circuit.

Which is better inverter or soft starter?

An inverter is just a device to invert one form of electrical power supplied to its input into another form of electrical power as its output.

A soft starter may be included into an inverter design, its function is just to provide temporary power to the inverter until it gets started. After that the soft starter is disabled, usually by a diode feedback link.

What is decometer?

Decometer was the father of Loran, used by english troops during WW2.

It is a navigation instrument based on the same principle of the Loran-C.

How do you use multitester?

One of the easiest ways to check for faulty devices and parts, is to use a multi-tester, sometimes called a multi-meter. Testing continuity by using the ohm setting will tell you if the connection through the device is complete or if it has opened and is no longer usable. For instance, if you place one of the test leads on one side of a fuse and the other lead on the other side of the fuse, you should show a short circuit or 0 ohms. If your meter shows infinite resistance, the fuse is bad and should be replaced.

What is a gate fastener?

Bhansali Component & Fasteners is a manufacturer, supplier and exporter of best quality fasteners. We use the highest quality raw materials to manufacture and export fasteners such as nuts, bolts, washers, pins, etc. in stainless steel and other materials.

What does the Ø symbol mean?

ø means the Greek letter and numerical approximation

It is used to indicate the phase of a signal.

Working and construction of ruby laser?

Ans. Principle 'Maurian in 1.960 fabricated the first laser using a ruby crystal. It's a three level solid laser. In this laser, chromium ions are embedded in ruby crystal and chromium ions behaves as active medium.

Construction : A ruby laser consists of a single cylindrical crystal of ruby whose ends were flat. One of the ends were completely silvered and others were partially silvered. The two ends thus formed the resonant cavity. Ruby consists of Aluminium oxide with some of Aluminium ions replaced by chromium ions. The A1203 crystal serves as a medium to suspend chromium ions. For a good lasing action a ruby crystal consists of about 0.05% chromium. High concentration of chromium can be used.

Working The energy levels of chromium ions are shown in fig. The bands labelled E1 and E2 have a very small life time (10-8 sec) whereas the metastable state M has a much longer lifetime of 3 x 1 0^-3 sec. The ruby crystal is placed inside a flash lamp filled with Xenon gas. The flash lamp is connected to a capacitor which discharges energy of order, of a few thousand joules in a few milli-seconds resulting in a power output from flash lamp of a few megawatts. A part of this energy gets absorbed by chromium ions in ground state. Chromium ions gets excited to an energy level inside the bands E1 and E2 . Transitions to E1 'and E2 are caused by radiation of wavelegth 6600 A - 4000 A. The chromium ions make a very fast non radiative transition from the excited state to the metastable state marked M.

Since, this state M has a very long life, the no. of atoms in this state keeps on increasing. Thus a state of population inversion is achieved between states M and G. Thus we may have a larger no. of atoms in state M than in G. Once state of population inversion is achieved, light amplification takes place.

The flash operation of the lamp leads to pulsed output of laser. As soon as flash lamp stop operating, the laser action stops till the arrival of next flash from lamp.This is known as spiking process. Thus the output of ruby laser is not continuous.

What is a VA in electric circuit?

VA or, more correctly, V.A, is the symbol for volt amperes, which is the unit of measurement for the apparent power of an alternating-current load.

In A.C. circuits, true power (measured in watts) is a measure of the rate at which energy is supplied to the load, and reactive power (measured in reactive volt amperes) is a measure of the rate at which energy is alternately stored in the circuit's magnetic field and returned to the supply. Apparent power is the name given to the vector sum of true power and reactive power.

Why carrier signal is always in analog signal?

It isn't always.

Baseband analog signals have no carrier.

What the difference between single side band single carrier transmission and full carrier AM?

1. Single-sideband transmission requires only half as much bandwidth as double sideband.
2. SSBSC require less total transmitted power than full carrier AM


In full carrier AM, the transmitted signal consists of two sidebands (containing the transmitted information) and the carrier signal. Long ago, it was realized that both sidebands contained the same information, and the carrier signal could be supplied by the receiver. Thus, if you suppress transmitting the carrier and one sideband, you can use the available power to increase the power in the remaining sideband.

What is the definition for Input low current?

Input Low Current, IIL, is the current that must be sinked (pulled from) an input in order to guarantee that the input is seen as low.

What is the difference between discrete signal and digital signal?

discrete signal varies on the independent variable scale (example time scale)

digital signal varies on the dependent variable scale as well

Is every resistance load resistance?

No. Load resistance is the value of the element actually doing the work of the circuit it is connected to. A speaker connected to an amplifier is the load.

Do you need any input signal to have oscillation in oscillator circuits?

in general no. however some types of oscillators have enable or frequency selectinputs, without which they won't operate.

What are the three types of pulse modulation?

Actually there are four:

  • width
  • amplitude
  • position
  • code

Of these four pulse code modulation is digital while the other three are analog.

How the section of a transmission line can be used as lumped circuit element?

Actually in networks we will consider the elements like resistance, inductance, capacitance as lumped elements for simplicity, like this in power systems we will consider the transmission line parameters(resistance, inductance, capacitance) as lumped elements, because we will calculate all the parameters of power systems with respect to receiving end or sending end but not with respect to middle of the line. If a fault occurs on transmission line then we should not consider the lumped elements of that total transmission line, we should consider the lumped elements from sending end to the point where the fault is occurred.

When three resistances are wired in series operating on 15v each resistance receives what volts?

It depends on the value of the three resistors. If they are equal, then each resistor has 5 volts across it.

How much horsepower does a stock 1978 351 Windsor have?

It depends on what vehicle it was orriginally installed into, And the intake, Carb, Heads, The factory had a couple of different power ratings for the motors. Most likely around 200 hP.