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Genetic Engineering
Questions about the manipulation of an organisms genes in order to alter the morphological or chemical traits of the organism.
1,707 Questions
What are the goals for human genetic engineering?
First and foremost, there is currently no known research anywhere in the world with the purpose of growing genetically engineered humans. There are discussions about the benefits of such technology, as this would allow us to eradicate genetically inherited diseases such as cystic fibrosis and haemophilia. Genetically engineered human embryos could be used for research to understand how and why defects occur during development of a baby in the womb.
Theoretically, it could allow modifying most biological traits of the human body. Some people consider this an advantage, but across the world it is most commonly considered unacceptable and/or undesirable.
Genetically engineered human cells (as opposed to entire humans) are already in use to treat severe genetic blood diseases. For this purpose, haemopoietic stem cells are taken from the patient's bone marrow. They are then genetically modified to correct the mutations that cause the blood disease. Finally, the patient's bone marrow is eradicated and the treated haemopoietic stem cells are injected. These stem cells then restore the bone marrow to a healthy state. Similar technologies are being developed to cure other organ-specific genetic defects.
Arguments in favor of Animal Cloning?
The one benefit of animal cloning that will have the biggest impact on our environment is that with the technology of cloning, we can now preserve endangered breeds and species.
The genetic code of a DNA molecule is determined by a specific sequence of WHAT?
A gene is a sequence of nucleotide which is composed of a nitrogenous base(adenine,guanine,thymine & cytosine in case of DNA and thymine is replaced by uracil in case of RNA),a sugar residue(de-oxyribose in DNA & ribose sugar in RNA) and a phosphate group.
How is genetic information passed down from one generation to the next in plants?
Genetic information in plants is passed on from one generation to the next just like in any other living organisms. This is through genes. Genes are parts of the chromosomes whose greater part is the DNA. Through the process of meiosis (which is cell division) the number of chromosomes in a cell is halved. this leads to gametegenesis which is the formation of gametes. each resulting cell with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell carries all the genes.
Explain the role of variation in evolution?
Variation plays a role in the process of natural selection because it keeps things mixed up. This is necessary so that one thing doesn't overtake another, ruling it out. If things are equal, one can't overrule another.
How do you isolate the gene in genetic engineering?
You isolate the gene in genetic engineering by first locating the gene you wish to be isolated. Then you use a restrictive enzyme to isolate it, and lastly take the gene out
Why cant sister chromatids have different alleles?
Sister chromatids dont over cuz they dont look it up lmfao
Which source of genetic variation produces the greatest variety?
Heterozygote X Heterozygote
Eg.
Hh X Hh
- produces HH, 2 Hh, hh = 3 different genotypes
Whereas:
HH X hh
- produces all Hh
And HH X HH
- produces all HH
Has a scientist sucsessfuly cloned a human?
The only way a human has been cloned is if the government has done it secretly or the gov. doesn't know about it. Other than that no a human has not 'yet' been cloned. But they have sucsessfully cloned a sheep.
Genetic engineers can make plants?
There are two quite different concepts to consider.
a) that plants may be bred and cross-bred in a manner that is close to those that naturally occur. The common strawberry of commerce is actually a cross of a small, soft, rather fragrant, and very sweet Alpine Strawberry of Europe; with a larger species from N America. This cross is one that could have occurred in nature. But didn't. This is normal Genetic Engineering or plant breeding.
b) If we wish to incorporate a novel feature in a plant, that would have not occurred naturally, then we may add to its DNA, features from a quite foreign organism. For example, components from fish DNA, that contribute to their temperature resistance; have been added to fruit to enhance their cold temperature performance. Strictly this is called Transgenic Engineering. Across genera.
Most of the Insulin used these days comes from bacteria Transgenic Engineered to produce this substance. Something they wold never naturally do. Similarly, plants have been made resistant to particular viruses. And to particular herbicides.
Unfortunately (IMHO) the boundaries between Normal genetic engineering and the transgenic form have been deliberately blurred in popular literature, but the difference between the two is important. Also important are the advances that Transgenic has enabled.
As to the actual techniques, a rather large number are at the disposal of the geneticist these days. Snipping out part of a genome, adding in a new snippet and so on. This is really an advanced field, and the manipulations take place at the DNA level.
What type of genetic disorder is PKU?
PKU is described as an inherited, autosomal recessive disorder.
RNA (mRNA) copy the genetic code from the DNA, which is produced after the DNA transcription happened.
RNA bring that genetic code to outside the nucleus and continue the protein synthesize. DNA can't leave the nucleus
What is the different between genetic material and genetic information?
DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid which is made up of phosphate, deoxyribose sugar and organic nitrogenous bases. It is a totality of both codons and anticodons. it is the source of genetic information.
Genetic information refers to the code or specific information carried by a codon (nucleotide) which can be "transcribed" into a messenger RNA to build a specific protein, enzyme or hormone in the body.
Cell structures that carry the genetic material that is copied and passed from generation to generation of cells are called chromosomes. Spindles are cell structures composed of microtubule fibers.
Their X-chromosomes - the chromosome that everything starts with by clones, are not as stabilized as them of the real objects that were cloned. Until now there is no way found to stabilize them, some say that a secret organization named AIOS got the way to change that but the government isn't 100% sure that it will really help. That's all I can say I .
Which are the two organelles having their own genetic material. What is their significance?
Nucleus & Mitochondria are the two organelles having their own genetic material.
Does carbohydrates contain the genetic code?
No, not at all. Carbohydrates consist out of many monosaccarids (Glucose, Galactose, Fructose) wich are ligated to dimers in seemingly endless repetition.
To function as genetic code, there needs to be more variation between the monosaccharids (DNA has four Nucleotides that are dispersed in a far more complex pattern along one strand).
Moreover would the Monosaccharids need some ligands that are able to form hydrogen bonds between them, so that the duplex can be melted for transcription and replication and afterwards reassociated.
Then you need to invent new polymerases and ribosomes, which are able to work with your code.
Why is the genetic code read three bases at a time?
Im doing a packet in my biology class an was wondering if any of you guys knew about this:) Thanks!
How many nucleotide bases in one human gene has?
You have A (adenine),C (cytosine) ,G(guanine) and either T(thymine) or U(uracil)
Can someone help me with biology home work?
The complementary overhangs of restriction enzymes form a 'scar' between the Promoter and Chromoprotein. This scar cannot be digested by any of the four restriction enzymes used to create BioBricks. This allows for iterative building of more complex BioBricks. Why can the scar not be cut, despite retaining the overhang sequence?
Select one:
a. Because the scar is not a palindrome.
b. Because the scar has a distorted double helix that cannot be recognized by the restriction enzyme.
c. Because restriction enzymes only cut at one sequence of DNA.
d. Because restriction enzymes recognize additional DNA sequence beyond the overhang region
A threadlike genetic material called chromatin is located within the?
In the inter-phase nucleus of the cell is located a threadlike genetic material called chromatin.
Humans have not yet discovered a way to change your DNA. We can make copies and swap things around, but those require a new generation to see any effect. It doesn't change what's already here.
What is the genetic cause of progeria?
It is caused by a mutation in the gene called LMNA. The LMNA gene produces the Lamin A protein which holds the nucleus of a cell together. Researchers now believe that the defective lamin A protein makes the nucleus unstable. That cellular instability causes premature aging.
