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Local Area Network
Questions concerning the setting up, troubleshooting and operation of wired LANs used by businesses and other organizations
4,003 Questions
The Windows command arp stands for address resolution protocol which simply transforms an IP address to its corresponding physical network address.
And 'arp -a' simply lists down the physical network addresses of the network devices connected to the current PC.
What are the key features of LAN?
There are some great features of a Local Area Network. Most are used for Business use. Local Area Networks help send, share, and synchronize files all in a short distance for faster connections and download speeds! Key features: * Fast connection * Easy file sharing in a short distance * Great for synchronizing data over many computers * Printing from all computers (if you have printer sharing on)
Advantage and disadvantage of OSI?
OSI Reference Model The OSI reference model is the primary model for network communications. The early development of LANs, MANs, and WANs was confused in many ways. The early 1980s saw great increases in the number and sizes of networks. As companies realized that they could save money and gain productivity by using networking technology, they added networks and expanded existing networks as rapidly as new network technologies and products were introduced. In 1984, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) developed the OSI Reference Model to describe how information is transferred from one networking component to another, from the point when a user enters information using a keyboard and mouse to when that information is converted to electrical or light signals transferred along a piece of wire (or radio waves transferred through the air). ISO developed the seven-layer model to help vendors and network administrators gain a better understanding of how data is handled and transported between networking devices, as well as to provide a guideline for the implementation of new networking standards and technologies. To assist in this process, the OSI Reference Model separates the network communication process into seven simple layers. Dividing the network into these seven layers provides these advantages: Reduces complexity: It breaks network communication into smaller, simpler parts. It divides the network communication process into smaller and simpler components, thus aiding component development, design, and troubleshooting. Standardizes interfaces: It standardizes network components to allow multiple vendor development and support. Facilitates modular engineering: It allows different types of network hardware and software to communicate with each other. Interoperability between Vendors It allows multiple-vendor development through standardization of network components. Defines the process for connecting two layers together, promoting interoperability between vendors It Allows vendors to compartmentalize their design efforts to fit a modular design, which eases implementations and simplifies troubleshooting Ensures interoperable technology: It prevents changes in one layer from affecting the other layers, allowing for quicker development. Accelerates evolution: It provides for effective updates and improvements to individual components without affecting other components or having to rewrite the entire protocol. Simplifies teaching and learning: It breaks network communication into smaller components to make learning easier. Provides a teaching tool to help network administrators understand the communication process used between networking components The OSI Reference Model The OSI reference model consists of seven layers: physical, data-link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application. The OSI model layers usually do not correspond exactly to the protocol stack running on an actual system. The data-link layer protocols often include physical layer specifications. The network and transport layer protocols work together to provide a cumulative end-to-end communication service. The functions of the session, presentation, and application layers are often combined into a single application layer protocol.
It appears as though you have the two concepts reversed; if you are using flow control than you are using a reliable delivery method - these are at layer 4 of the OSI model, which is TCP for reliable delivery. TCP provides flow control.
UDP would be used for speed, when you do not need reliable delivery. However, UDP does not use flow control, since there is no handshaking between transmission and reception, and it is a connectionless protocol.
What is the difference between bgp and ospf?
BGP is Border Gateway Protocol and OSPF is Open Shortest Path First.
What is maximum length of RG-59 coax?
RG59 is a video standard co-axial cable and is normally sold as an economy cable. Losses on this type of cable tend to be higher than more expensive cable.
A standard definition signal can be run in excess of 300 feet before losses are noticed but the signal quality relies not only on the cable but also the signal driver (the source) and the receiver (the display). If the source or receiver are not properly designed, there may be a tendency to show a ghost image appearing to the right of the original image.
For analog high definition signals (extremely rare today) the maximum distance will be much lower, perhaps in the region of 40 to 50 feet. If the application will be supporting HD signals, RG59 is probably not the best choice. Invest a little more and look for cables that have lower losses - PSF1/3, for example, is more expensive but also more effective.
Are Layer 2 protocols connectionless or connection-oriented?
They can be both. E.g. MPLS-TP or Connection-Oriented-Ethernet (COE) are connection oriented.
What are the characteristics of a distance vector routing protocol?
Two Characteristics:
RIP is an example of distance vector routing protocols.
Updates are periodic and include the entire routing table
UDP, or User Datagram Protocol, is a communication protocol used for sending messages, called datagrams, across a network. It is part of the Internet Protocol suite and is known for its simplicity and low latency, making it suitable for applications where speed is critical, such as video streaming, online gaming, and VoIP. Unlike TCP, UDP does not provide error correction, flow control, or guarantee message delivery, allowing for faster transmission but at the risk of data loss.
Which layer of the osi model is responsible for code formatting and coversion and graphic standards?
Presentation Layer
What is a public ip different then network id?
An "ip address" is a complete source or destination address that has a network id portion and a client or host portion.
The network id is just a piece of the IP address.
So, a public ip is an IP address that can be routed, whereas the network id is just a part of the public ip. They aren't different; the network id is part of the ip address.
that depends.
A router network interface is the same as a computer interface, so without a cross-over cable, your computer and router will both try to send data on the same pair of wires which doesn't work.
But, some routers are smart enough to sense that data is arriving on the wrong pair of wires and it will automatically swap its transmit and receive paths to make it work.
fm
Because of the overhead, TCP should not be used as a transport mechanism if the user or endpoints do not require reliable delivery, but are more interested in speed than quality.
90 Meters
Drag the networking terms on the left and drop them into their appropriate layer on the right?
This type of question is impossible to answer. We at WikiAnswers have no way to view the diagram, page, or picture that you are referring to.
What is the maximum speed at which data can be transmitted between two nodes?
The speed of light is the limit for the transmission of information. As for the bandwidth (the number of bits per second that are transmitted), fiber optics currently exist that allow 40 Gbps; experimentally, higher bandwidths have already achieved, but this is not standardized. It is also possible to connect several of those in parallel, to achieve even higher bandwidths.
Which topologies used in supercomputer?
Several different topologies are used in supercomputing. A mesh architecture is one of the more common topologies out there. Mesh architectures are particularly well suited to applied simulations. The canonical example is a simulation of ocean weather patterns where each node in the supercomputer will represent (and handle calculations for) a specific patch of ocean, such as a 10x10 square mile sector. In this example, each patch of ocean must communicate information, such as wind speed and temperature to other neighboring nodes and in turn, must update the sector parameters based on information received by its neighbors.
Other example topologies include the master/slave architecture where one node serves to aggregate and process results from all other nodes. There are also ring topologies, tree topologies, and hypercube topologies. By far the fastest communicating, and most expensive topology is the all-to-all topology where every node is connected to every other node. This works fine in superomputers with 20 nodes, but in the largest supercomputers, trying to connect thousands of nodes each to the other thousands of nodes becomes practically impossible. Hence why there are other topologies.
