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Mechanical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering is a branch of engineering that encompasses the generation and application of heat and mechanical power and the design, production, and use of machines and tools. Mechanical engineering involves application of the principles of dynamics, control, thermodynamics and heat transfer, fluid mechanics, strength of materials, materials science, electronics, and mathematics.
10,989 Questions
What is the definition of Electromechanical Control Relays?
an electrmagnet relay uses an electromagnet to pull a piece of iron or steel towards it such that it causes to contacts (pieces of metal such as gold) together and complete a circuit. They can range in size from as small as your fingernail (to switch low power signals such as the inputs to an audio amplifier) to as large as stuffed sofa (to switch the output of a power plant). An electromagnet is a coil of wire wound on a iron core. When a current is run through the coil, it becomes a magnet.
How do you caluclate weight of H beam?
A simple way is to use the specification of the beam, most beams will have a specification saying how much it ways per meter or per foot.
Calculation.
weight = Area*Length*density
*Note that when calculating the weight of a beam for structures a safety factor which will be defined in you country design code
Why is iron used for railway lines?
Iron is rarely used anymore in railway lines. Steel is used mostly now because it is very flexible and is less vulnerable to cracking and chipping.
What are the disadvantages of Electro pneumatic?
ADVANTAGES OF PNEUMATICS.
1. Simplicity of Design And Control
The control machines are easy to design. i.e they can be manufactured using standard cylinders & other components. Controlling mechanism simply contains two ON-OFF states, so its easy to implement and understand.
Also these components have versatile usage, they can be used in many situations. Pneumatics are easy to install and have useful mechanical movements. For an instance Straight-line movements can be obtained without further adjustments, such as levers, cams...etc
2.Reliability
pneumatic control mechanism is well known for its long lasting operation life time. In fact they need very little maintenance but operates continuously with high reliability.
Air /gas used as the working fluid is less likely to damage the equipments since gas are good in absorption of shock, and excessive forces, but hydraulics react directly transferring the stress to mechanical parts.
3.Safe to use
Pneumatic controls have high safety profile due to many reasons. Air used in these are fire proof, and less vulnerable to explosions and electric hazards. These are adoptable in extreme weather conditions, and we can rely on their continuous operation. This is because compressed air can stay in good condition in high temperature fluctuations, unlike hydraulic s ystems that tend freeze or boil in these situations.
Even a leak occur there is less chance of getting fire. Also there is no toxicity in air used, so we can expect no harm to living beans. Since pneumatics are sound in safety, very less precautions need to be taken.
4.Storage
Compressed Gas can be stored easily, and once compressed, above a certain threshold level they can be operate with out further need of compressing. This feature allows the use of machines when electrical power is lost.
5. Clean
Since working fluid is purified air, there is no messy waste produce at the end of the day. A little leak will not make the surrounding shady. Also, since ir is used no risk of toxic hazards t o machines or humans. Industries like pharmaceutical, food..etc tend prefer pneumatics for their cleanness.
6. Easily transported
Air is easily obtainable from atmosphere and can be used with little purification. Air can be pumped to long distances in pipelines, so can control pneumatic equipments for long distances. This makes central controlling possible. These also requires no return line, so easy to manage and cost effective.
7. Light in weight
Air is very light compared with other fluids, which are very heavy. They don't need high power to transfer.
8.Cost Effective
This is a very economical controlling mechanism. The Pneumatics require low maintenance cost, since wear of equipments are very less. These operates at low pressure , so equipments can be produced for low cost using cheap materials. In contrast hydraulic controlling systems require high pressure, so need tough materials, which comes in high prices.
9 high speed working medium
Compressed air controllers are able to achieve high work speeds, the flow rate may go up to 20 m/s, while hydraulics is restricted around 5m/s.
10.safe operation in Overloads
The shock absorbent properties of air make overloading safe. Under excessive forces air can compress easily avoiding damage to equipments.
11 Variable pressure
Pneumatic systems can work in various pressures, this also alow the speed control.
DISADVANTAGES OF PNEUMATICS.
1. Air is largely compressible, which may be good for some reasons, but the major draw back is the inefficiency in accurate positioning and speed controlling. These often need to be tuned to work correct and sound. Since Compressible,not possible to achieve uniform and constant piston speeds.
2.Unable to work with heavy loads (commonly used working pressure of 7 bar, the require output force is economical only up to about 20 KN to 30 KN ) Unlike hydraulics or electrical system these cant be used for heavily loaded operation.
3. Air used needs to be purified, air containing moisture may lead to corrosion of the equipments.
How to Calculate fluid capacity of pipe?
The internal capacity of a pipe is pi x internal radius x internal radius x length of pipe where pi = 3.142 This is the volume of a cylinder; pipe capacity is usually amount of flow per unit of time under given conditions of internal roughness, and viscosity of the flowing fluid with a given pressure loss per length unit. Q = DELTA PRESSURE * PI*( DIAMETER TO FOURTH POWER)/ (128 * VISCOSITY* LENGTH) VISCOSITY OFWATER IS ABOUT 2X1O TO -5 POWER LB SECOND/FT SQUARED NOTE PRESSURE MUST BE BELOW AMOUNT THAT RUPTURES THE PIPE.
Who is qualified to perform the procedure known as ear molding?
Ear molding is reported to be about 85% effective when it is started within six weeks after the baby's birth.
What is the difference between seamless and welded pipe fittings?
Seamless (SMLS) pipe is formed by drawing a solid billet over a piercing rod to create the hollow shell. Seamless pipe withstands pressure better than other types, and is often more easily available than welded pipe.
Welded pipe is formed by rolling plate and welding the seam. The weld flash can be removed from the outside or inside surfaces using a scarfing blade. The weld zone can also be heat treated to make the seam less visible.
Is Power required to drive a centrifugal pump is directly proportional to diameter of the impellor?
yes....power is directly proportional to cube of dia.
How do you put hydraulic oil in floor jack?
there is a fill point on the cylinder itself, the manual says to keep in an upright position but i just did it on the ground. i thought at first it was either the flat-head cap or the hex-key but those are NOT it!! those are adjustments and the hex-key contains ball-bearings!! (if you have happened to take them off and tip it sideways and the bearings fall out, the smaller bearing goes in first ;) lol ) I also found it easier to put the handle back in, with the jack all the way lowered let the handle drop to the ground, on the cylinder you will see a little "hump", that is the fill spot, it's just a rubber plug painted silver to match the jack. i used a flat-head to pop it off, i just guessed on how much to put in, i think i added a quarter qt bottle, otherwise put the plug back in and test it after adding so much at a time.
(note, it will still jack slow if there is no load (weight) on it, also if it jacks up fine but takes a long time to release or go down, that's a sign of "over-filling"- try to avoid that and empty some out if that happens)
What are the properties of heat and work?
Heat is a form of energy that results in a change in temperature or state of the system.
Work refers to an activity that is being done on or by the system with the involvement of energy. Energy is the capacity to do work and is analogous to domestic currency.
Both Work and heat (energy) are measured in Joules.
What type of metal used in making a boat and in a needle?
A hypodermic needle is normally made from a stainless-steel. A sewing needle is a long slender tool with a pointed tip. The first needles were made of bone or wood; modern ones are manufactured from high carbon steel wire, nickel- or gold plated for corrosion resistance. The highest quality embroidery needles are made of platinum.
Examples of class A IP address?
An example is 10.0.0.1. An IP address consists of four numbers, separated by dots (so there are three dots in total). Since each of the number represents a byte (or "octet"), each of these numbers is in the range from 0 to 255. Any IP address in which the first of these four numbers is in the range from 0 to 127 is considered to be a "Class A" address. (In the binary representation, that means that the first bit is equal to zero.)
What is the effect of steam turbine control valve throttling in turbine efficiency?
In Boiler follow turbine mode , Boiler produces a constant pressure behind throttling valve and throttling valve adjusts necessary pressure and required steam as High Pressure steam for entering the turbine . In Valves Wide Open (VWO) mode the efficiency is maximum and we haven't any loss. (It's nearly 106% Turbine MCR) . In Turbine MCR , we have a little loss and consequently a little bit worse heat rate . In partial load , loss is more and efficiency worse.
Mild steel is a mild piece of steel.
The answer above is wrong, Mild steel is made from Iron and Carbon.
The answer above is wrong, mild steel is steel that is mild...
i am a meatal worker and the scond line is correct
Where were solar water heaters invented?
In the 1870s, Englishmen, Maughan invented the first instant water heater. Little is known about Maughan's invention, however, his invention influenced the designs of Edwin Ruud.
Edwin Ruud, a Norwegian mechanical engineer was the inventor of the automatic storage water heater in 1889. Ruud emigrated to Pittsburgh where he pioneered the early development of both residential and commercial water heaters. He founded the Ruud Manufacturing Company
Piston moves up expelling gas from the cylinder?
=The pistons are very much like the pedals on a bicycle. They are attached to a device called a cam shaft that allows the downward thrust of one piston to cause another piston to move back up to be ready to be pushed down again... sort of like pedals on a bicycle. The ignition is timed in a manner that allows the sequential firing of the spark plugs to cause the cam shaft to rotate smoothly.==To see what a cam shaft looks like, imagine placing a series o bicycles side by side and welding the pedals of each bike to the pedals of the bikes next to it. Cut off the outter two pedals of the two bikes on the end and what you'll have will be a cam shaft. A piston is attached to each of the welded pair of pedals and the cut off ends are connected to the front wheels in a front wheel drive. There are other components in a real car but that's a high level picture that should help to answer your question.=Evan Was Here
What is better - 24 gauge steel garage door or 25 gauge steel garage door?
The lower the gauge number, the thicker the steel.
What is the difference between ms and cs steel?
MS stands for mild steel. This is steel than only has a small about of carbon. It's strong, but not easily tempered. CS stands for carbon steel. In carbon steel, the main alloying element is carbon.
How do you get the black puffle welding mask?
The answer is that you have to get the club penguin elite penguin force Herbert revenge. Ok you have to use the code.When you type it in you might get a suit also. Waddle on.
What is the difference between centrifugal and centripital?
A moving object with no force acting on it continues moving in a straight line. It
takes a force to bend it away from a straight path. As long as an external force
acts on the object and continues to point toward the same single point, the object
will move in a circular path, and the force is called a "centripetal force", which means
something like "toward the center".
Now, hold onto your seat: "Centrifugal" force doesn't exist. It's a make-believe,
made-up thing, that's not really there.
When the centripetal force suddenly shuts off, the object proceeds in a straight
line, in the direction it was going at the instant when the centripetal force stopped.
That straight line takes it NOT from what used to be the center of its motion,
but on a tangent to that path, straight away from the point it was at when the
centripetal force shut off. Still, we see the object take off straight away from
the point it was at, and we say "Gee, there must be a force pulling it away from
there." But there isn't any.
That "force" that you think you feel when the car turns a corner and you get
pressed against the door, away from the curve ? That's just the tendency of
your body to want to keep moving in a straight line, and its reaction to the
centripetal force that the car-seat and the door are exerting on you in order
to make your body move in a curved path. There is no "centrifugal" force.
Answer2:
Centrifugal force is as real as centripetal force, centripetal force is center seeking and centrifugal force is center fleeing. Both forces result form the derivative of the energy. Physicists do not recognize vector energy and this adds to the idea that centrifugl force is fictitous.
Here is the real deal, energy is a Quaternion
W = -vh/r + cmV = -vh/r + cP
where -vh/r is the potential energy like -vh/r = -mGM/r and cmV is the vector energy, cP where P is the Momentum. The vector energy, Momentum energy is the so-called "Dark Energy".
Force F = XW = [d/dr, Del][-vh/r, cP]
F = [vh/r2 - cdel.P, cdP/dr -Del vh/r + cDelxP]
F = [vp/r - cp/r cos(PR), -cp/r 1P + vp/r 1R + cp/r sin(PR) 1RxP]
The centripetal force is vp/r a center seeking force.
The centrifugal force is - cp/r cos(PR), this is the Divergence of the vector energy cP.
When the centripetal and centrifugal forces are equal vp/r = cp/r cos(PR), there is no change relative to the center, this is called the Continuity Condition and is the source of the mysterious "redshift", v/c = cos(PR). The redshift is the indicator of the Continuity Condition, stable orbit and vector force,
F = cp/r[0, -1P + v/c 1R + sin(PR) 1RxP]
cp/r= cp/ct = p/t = mv/t = ma
What is the function of pipe fittings?
A pipe fitting can be anything from a bell reducer to a flange to a nipple. The purpose of each one is different, for a nipple it is to extend the pipe or add threads, depending, a flange is used to create a secured connection between the two pipes and a bell reducer increases pressure while lowering velocity.
What is the color code for steam pipe in industrial applications?
silver is the color that is generally used.
What is the difference between PVC and uPVC?
Daylight
While uPVC producing measure improves the protection from UV beams, PVC entryways are known to corrupt when presented to unforgiving daylight for broadened periods. This is the place uPVC entryways have an edge over PVC entryways. The entryways made of uPVC material don't blur, stain or become fragile and are daylight agreeable.
Quality
While both PVC entryways and uPVC entryways are made of a light-weight material, uPVC entryways are better as far as quality, attributable to their inbuilt multi-point locking framework.
Toughness
uPVC entryways are more tough and better prepared for withstanding every single climate condition and seasons.
Equipment
PVC entryways are not viable to put in new equipment like bolts or handles. Since they are made of weak vinyl, the entryways can split without any problem. uPVC entryways are intended to not confront a comparative issue.
Security
uPVC entryways are more protected and secure than PVC entryways. It is on the grounds that uPVC entryways have an electrifies steel center which combined with solid locking framework makes the entryways exceptionally secure.
Life expectancy
uPVC entryways keep going for around 30 years and have a somewhat longer life expectancy than PVC
entryways. The life span of uPVC entryways likewise makes them a one-time venture arrangement. for more details visit our site sudhakarind.
Why the instrument is named Screw gauge?
The instrument is called a screw gauge, or more often a micrometer, because it uses a screw to amplify a very small movement so that it can easily be read. The heart of the screw gauge is a very accurately ground thread, usually of 0.5mm pitch, so that the axial movement of the screw corresponds to a much larger movement of a barrel which carries a scale. The instrument can be difficult to read because two readings have to be added, one measuring to 0.5mm the linear motion of the screw, and the other on the barrel giving the 1/100 ths. To some extent this instrument has been superseded by the electronic digital version, which does not incorporate a screw thread. A different gauge, called a thread gauge, comprises a set of metal blades with serrated edges which can be used to identify different screw threads by matching the right blade to the thread by trial and error.
