Oceanography

The Arctic Ocean is stratified and has limited vertical mixing of water because of its cold temperatures and the presence of a halocline, which is a layer with a sharp decrease in salinity. This halocline acts as a barrier to vertical mixing by preventing the movement of water between different layers.

estuary. It is a partially enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with salty seawater. Estuaries are rich and productive ecosystems that support diverse marine life.

The moon affect the ocean tides because of the gravitational pull that the moon has. Where the is a high tide, the moon is pulling the water toward it's gravity. The water on the opposite side of Earth, will pull away from the moon.

Both salt and fresh water flow into one.

The definition is:

A semi-enclosed coastal body of water, which has a free connection with the open sea.

So it would be salt water.

Passive continental margins are not tectonically active, meaning there is no significant seismic activity or mountain-building processes occurring there. They are typically characterized by a wide continental shelf and a gentle slope leading to the ocean basin. Sediment accumulation is common along passive continental margins due to lower energy conditions compared to active margins.

Beetles can be found in a variety of habitats including forests, grasslands, wetlands, and deserts. They are highly adaptable and can thrive in a range of environments as long as there is food and suitable shelter available. Some beetles are specialized to specific habitats such as dung beetles in fields or water beetles in ponds.

In the thermocline region, the temperature of ocean water decreases rapidly with depth due to the barrier between the warm surface layer and the cold deep layer. This abrupt change in temperature creates a distinct layer of transition between the warmer surface water and the colder deep water.

The microorganism responsible for red tide in Florida's Gulf waters is a type of algae called Karenia brevis. This algae produces toxins that can harm marine life and cause respiratory issues in humans when present in high concentrations.

The Plimsoll line in fresh water marks the maximum point to which a ship can be loaded safely without sinking. In salt water, the same principle applies, but the Plimsoll line will be slightly lower due to the higher density of salt water compared to fresh water. This ensures that ships are loaded appropriately for different water conditions to maintain stability and safety.

No, air contains about 21% oxygen, while ocean water contains only about 5-10 milliliters of dissolved oxygen per liter. The higher concentration of oxygen in the air makes it easier for animals to extract the oxygen they need for respiration.

If a column of land is left behind by being eroded by waves, it is called a sea stack. Sea stacks are formed when softer rock is eroded away, leaving a harder rock structure standing in the sea.

Energy is transferred between the oceans and the atmosphere through processes like evaporation and condensation. The sun heats the ocean surface, causing water to evaporate and release latent heat into the atmosphere. This latent heat is later released when water vapor condenses to form clouds, leading to the transfer of energy between the two systems.

That depends on where you are in the Atlantic ocean. In the gulf stream, the temperature can be in the mid 90's(F). Temperatures can even differ several miles apart. In Massachusetts, the water north of Cape Cod is generally in the 70's, but south of the Cape it generally ranges from 75-85 degrees.

Thermohaline circulation is driven by changes in temperature and salinity of ocean water. Cold, dense water sinks in the polar regions due to its high salinity and low temperature, driving the deep ocean currents that help regulate the global climate by redistributing heat and nutrients around the world.

The discoverer of salt water and fresh water is very contradictory. This is because there is no written document for these creatures. I believe that salt water was discovered by a lioness named Carla and fresh water was discovered by a killer whale in search of krill who's name tag read: Hi! my name is: Hung Leoh

Laurentia was completely surrounded by passive margins during the Neoproterozoic period, approximately 750-600 million years ago. This period saw the formation of the supercontinent Rodinia, where Laurentia was a central part and was surrounded by passive margins as it drifted towards the equator.

Pressure is directly proportional to depth. The equation used is for hydrostatic pressure:

P = Po + dh

Where P = pressure, Po = initial pressure at surface, d = density of the fluid, and h = height to the free surface (or depth). In diving, Po is usually the atmospheric pressure. This is the only thing that elevation affects, as sea level air pressure is higher than the air pressure at higher elevations.

The density of sea water is generally accepted as 64 lbs/cu ft. There is variation, but usually not enough to be meaningful, unless you are diving in a very high salinity location, like the Dead Sea, in which the salt content is so high that the density is considerably higher.

For most purposes, atmospheric pressure at sea level is accepted to be 14.7 lbs/sq in (14.7 psi), or 2116.8 lbs/sq ft (2116.8 psf). Diving in sea water then, the equation becomes:

P = 2116.8 lbs/sq ft + 64 lbs/cu ft x h.

Then, at the surface, h = 0, and P = 2116.8 psf = 14.7 psi. At h = 10 ft, P = 2116.8 + 64 x 10 = 2756.8 psf = 19.1 psi. At h = 33 ft, P = 4228.8 psf = 29.4 psi. At h = 100 ft, P = 8516.8 PS = 59.1 psi. And so on. The general rule-of-thumb for sport/recreational diving is that the pressure increases by 14.7 psi (1 atmosphere) for every 33 ft of depth. So that at 100 ft, the pressure is 58.8 psi (4 atmospheres). (Remember that you start at the surface at 1 atmosphere.)

The two major dissolved gases in ocean water are oxygen and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is essential for marine life to respire, while carbon dioxide plays a role in the ocean's carbon cycle and influences seawater acidity levels.

Minerals in ocean water are used by marine organisms for building shells and skeletons. Dissolved gases, like oxygen and carbon dioxide, are important for respiration and photosynthesis in marine life. Both minerals and gases play crucial roles in the overall health and functioning of ocean ecosystems.

The biggest problem in cleaning up water pollution is that first, you have to identify what the pollutant(s) is/are. There are many different techniques available for removing the various types of water pollutants. Physical filtration can remove solid, insoluble material and some microorganisms such as bacteria. Biological filtration is used to break down many organic pollutants into simpler, less toxic chemicals. Adsorbent materials such as activated charcoal can be used to remove a wide range of organic pollutants. Absorbent materials such as mineral clays can be used to remove various pollutants, particularly oils. Synthetic materials called ion-exchange resins can be used to remove chemicals such as nitrates and phosphates. The complete list of techniques and materials used to clean up water pollution would fill up an entire book.

No, the fluid pressure increases with depth underwater. The pressure at 10 ft underwater will be greater than the pressure at 5 ft underwater due to the weight of the water above exerting a greater force at greater depths.

Jacques Cousteau, a renowned oceanographer and marine conservationist, visited Friday Harbor on his research vessel named Calypso. Cousteau was a pioneer in marine exploration and conservation efforts, known for popularizing scuba diving and raising awareness about the importance of ocean health.

A large protected body of water

• Actually ocean thermal energy is being used in all the cold and icy places called Alaska and Antarctica because Ocean thermal is the difference between cold and warm waters. so that is important because when the water is warm it will melt and causes global warming.And the earth will be a flooded area and that is really dangerous.

Seismic waves that move rocks up and down like a wave in a rope are called vertical or P-waves. These waves cause particles to vibrate in the direction of wave propagation, creating compression and expansion as the wave passes through the material. P-waves are the fastest seismic waves and can travel through both solids and liquids.