Project Management

it's very important to be on time because in cooking, unless you deliberately want it to, not being on time means it will be under- or overcooked, and if there is a deadline for a project, it is bad if ait is late

- Analyze the results of a closing survey to assess the success of the project phase

- Collaborate with stakeholders on validating the instrument

- Gather the lessons learned during the project phase and decide which information to archive for future use

By having concurrency control you avoid dirty writes (or inconsistent data). It is like your traffic signal - allows one set of users (drivers) to pass through at a time. In computer terms, if a user wants to update some data then the following steps are taken: (a) the data is fetched along with the timestamp (the date, time when it was last modified) (b) the data is modified by the user who then submits the data for update / storage in the system (c) the system verifies the original timestamp with the current timestamp. (i) If both are same, the new data (including the new timestamp) is updated/stored in the system. (ii) If they are different, then obviously the data had changed between the time it was fetched and now - meaning that someone else had updated in the meanwhile. The system typically informs the user that the data had been modified by a different user and asks him/her to submit the modifications once again. The system would implicitly do step (a) above allowing the user to start from step (b) onwards.

planning process involves setting of objectives,chatting a course of actions to meet its objectives,allocating resources to carry out the planned activities and implementing the activities.Elaborate

A knowledge management system can be useful in many different ways or strategies and practices. It is commonly used successfully in the Information Technology field and human resource management.

Here's Microsoft's explanation:

Office Project Standard 2007 is the latest version of the desktop project management program. As a stand-alone product, Office Project Standard 2007 helps project managers, business managers, and planners to manage and plan projects independently with familiar, easy-to-use tools. Office Project Standard 2007 is not designed to exchange data with Office Project Server 2007.

Office Project Professional 2007 is the desktop client that is also used to connect with Office Project Server 2007 as part of the Office EPM Solution. Office Project Professional 2007 offers all the tools found in Office Project Standard 2007, and when used with Office Project Server 2007, it also provides powerful EPM capabilities such as collaboration, management of shared resources, portfolio management, and reporting across projects and programs run by different project managers.

So what does that mean? Standard and Professional are the same unless you are going to use Project Server. Professional is required for Project Server and will cost nearly double. Otherwise, save your organization money and get Standard (retail $599/$349 upgrade vs. $999/599 upgrade).

Of course, please bear in mind that you may have future needs for Project Server so if that's the case, Project Professional should also be considered for your organization's growth, even if you don't need it today.

With the expansion of technical knowledge domain it has become necessary for firms to collaborate with external sources to keep themselves abreast at the frontiers of technical development. In that regard, firms would be interested to develop long lasting and fruitful collaborative relationships with external sources.Organizations with possibilities of organizing their collaborative relationships with external sources according to the nature of innovation sought to be developed so that the outcome is more fruitful. The existing literature had looked at the issue of collaboration in technology as options between vertical integration or alliances based on concerns of appropriability. However, in the present context with increasing likelihood of technological obsolescence firms may be dissuaded from vertical integration (Balakrishnan & Wernerfelt, 1986), and thus the issue of technology collaboration becomes a necessity rather than a choice. In such situation the question is which type of alliance would be better to protect appropriability. The discussion in this paper provides the theoretical perspective to address this issue more effectively. The discussion of the paper may also help to explain why there are industry specific practices to protect technological appropriability e.g. use of patents widespread in pharmaceutical industry but not so in other industries, which could be explained by the way innovation is created in different industries. Being a conceptual study, the findings are in the nature of propositions that provide a basis for future researchers to direct further research to test the various hypotheses regarding governance mechanisms and the nature of technology creation process.

Project management software helps improve the way you work on projects, tasks or assignments. With project management software like Clarizen or AtTask, you can create projects or tasks and not only can you prioritize them (the efficiency increases) you can have others join or help out on your online projects and tasks, which also saves time and helps organize the tasks in projects much easier.

Project Systems will be used within GFEBS to track that a project is executed efficiently, on-time, and within budget.

there are three entities involved station railway and passengers railway has station nd attributes of railway are railway no. railway name railway type and railway seats and station attributes are waiting room,office,canteen,station id

Project management is generic term whereas software project management refers to IT projects. Professionals prefer to use project management software to meet the needs of large, distributed organizations. Advanced project manager software like Microsoft project EPM can be used in different industries like oil and gas, media, education, construction, IT and many other.

You may refer to the related link for more details on project management case studies related to different industries.

A request to change the scope of a project based on the technology required for a product.

The schedule baseline from a previous similar project that's used to determine how best to manage delays in manufacturing.

Company procedures regarding change control, reviewed to determine the level at which a change request should be set.

A request to change the project schedule because the manufacturing process for a new product is taking longer than expected.

A request that the widget cutting process is changed after quality control processes find a high number of widgets larger than specification.

A change control procedure for fast tracking an important change.

A cost baseline from a previous similar project that's used to assess potential changes to the current project.

A request to correct a scope overrun after a team member added functionality not required to a product, affecting time and schedule forecasts.

- >Defining the testing activities for subordinates - analyzers or test specialists.

- >All obligations of test planning.

- >To check if the team has all the fundamental assets to execute the testing activities.

- >To check if testing is running as one with the product advancement in all stages.

- >Prepare the status report of testing activities.

- >Required Interactions with clients.

- >Updating project manager consistently about the advancement of testing activities

There are several sites where you can gain insight into the different project management software solutions available. Here are two that I've found to be helpful:

http://www.web-based-software.com/project-management/

http://online-project-management-review.toptenreviews.com/

I personally use @task and have been very happy with it, but you can choose for yourself. Here's the link to @task's site if you're interested - http://www.attask.com.

Product Based companies generally make and sell their products. For example, Coca cola, Pepsi, Colgate. They manufacture the products in the plants, market and sell them with profit to the customers.

Services based companies sell their services to the clients. Any company providing services to commercial entities/businesses or consumers, e.g. consulting, engineering, medical, recreational, therapeutic, financial, etc.

Foundation projects allude to huge scope development drives pointed toward building, growing, or updating fundamental public administrations and offices. These might be utilities like water treatment plants and power grids, as well as transportation systems like roads, bridges, and airports. Governments typically fund and oversee infrastructure projects, which frequently involve partnerships with investors and private businesses. The economic expansion of a region and the general standard of living of its inhabitants can both be significantly impacted by the success of infrastructure projects.

Project Management made a huge leap forward fifty years ago with the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT). Since then, computers have helped to track projects and provide amazing amounts of details and views. And yet, projects have settled back to a dismal record of being late, over budget and less than the original scope. And often canceled. A study by the Standish Group, a project management research organization concluded that, "There is no reliable way to measure project status until it's too late!"

Why?

The project plan has morphed into a project schedule. It used to be that we worked the project plan. Now we work to meet the project schedule. The important words here are "meet the project schedule" Project managers are aware that task durations are estimates. We have an optimistic time, a most likely time and a pessimistic time. We never know how long a task will actually take.

Then the craziest thing happens. The task duration estimate is entered into the project management software. At that moment, the estimate becomes a duration. The software uses that duration to create a schedule for the tasks. Each task gets a start date and end date. The start and end dates become "milestones."

And how do we work with milestones? We work to meet them. We see the finish date as a target. Our effort is to get the task done by that date. Subconsciously, it would be okay to get the task done early, but that's secondary to getting it done on time.

This crazy thing leads to counter-productive behavior. If the task is planned to be done by the end date, there is little point in getting it done early. No one will expect it or be ready to do the following task. In fact, completing it too early makes it appear that we don't know how to estimate. Our credibility is at stake!

We now have three choices:

Complete the task and turn it in on the end date.

Take our time so we finish it on the end date.

Do other things until we have just enough time to be on time with it.

What's going on?

We estimated the task durations.

We turned the estimates into firm start and end commitments.

We behave so we don't get anything done early.

This is why Project Management is so difficult. If tasks rarely get completed early, and some tasks take longer than scheduled, there is a very high probability that the project will be late.

Missing a commitment is usually taken personally. The typical response is to increase the next estimate of that kind of task. This little additional safety should make all the difference. But that just moves the end date and pushes the following task's start date. Perhaps it just needs a bit more. Or maybe a bit more than that. We call this process "experience."

To give you an extreme example of where experience takes you, a Fortune 500 company has a task that takes 8 hours and has been done every day for years, yet it is planned at 108 days. This is caused by estimate creep and shows up in thousands of tasks. With 107 days of safety, they still struggle to get it done on time. So much for this solution. This company is sophisticated and careful. And typical of most companies. No one paid any attention to this planned duration until a senior manager asked how this part could take so long.

Let's get back to the Project Management software! Why does the software turn estimates into fixed dates? Because that's what it was programmed to do. Are we stuck with fixed dates? Perhaps the thing to do is ignore them. As crazy as this sounds, it's the right direction for the solution.

It is possible in Microsoft Project to blank out the dates above the Gantt chart. The Start and Finish dates can also be hidden.

Think about how tasks will be worked if there are no dates! Scary isn't it?

Copyright © 2011 Skip Reedy

Containers

Contractors

Environmental

Although Data Processing and Information Systems both refer to functions that take raw data and transform it into usable information, the usage of the terms is very different. Data Processing is the term generally used to describe what was done by large mainframe computers from the late 1940's until the early 1980's (and which continues to be done in most large organizations to a greater or lesser extent even today): large volumes of raw transaction data fed into programs that update a master file, with fixed-format reports written to paper. The term Information Systems refers to an expansion of this concept, where the raw data, previously copied manually from paper to punched cards, and later into data-entry terminals, is now fed into the system from a variety of sources, including ATMs, EFT, and direct customer entry through the Internet. The master file concept has been largely displaced by database management systems, and static reporting replaced or augmented by ad-hoc reporting and direct inquiry, including downloading of data by customers. The ubiquity of the Internet and the Personal Computer have been the driving force in the transformation of Data Processing to the more global concept of Information Systems.

Contrary to popular belief, the Project Manager is not the only person that should create the Project Proposal. The project proposal can be created by a marketing person or a project sponsor as well.

Posting an example here is too much, you may want to check this: http://www.pmhut.com/how-to-write-a-project-proposal

media planning and buying, research, market information, sales promotion assistance, campaign development and creation of advertisements, plus a range of services designed to help the advertiser achieve marketing objectives.

The answer to the first question is very dependent upon the organization and its processing, storage, and business needs. When evaluating software service providers, the organization should examine such factors as availability and reliability, technology, fees and how the fees are assessed, and available applications. Managers should compare the costs and capabilities of using software service providers to the organizations costs and capabilities of operating and owning its own hardware and software assets. The organization should examine how using the service will impact organizational culture and how using an outside vendor addresses organizational and business needs. The technology factors include examining how well usage of the service fits with the firms IT infrastructure, as well as examining the appropriateness of using a software service provider to address the current problem.