Respiratory Rate

Delayed

Why does the respiratory rate change depending on age?

For a normal healthy person a 1:2 or 1:1.5 Inspiratory to Expiratory ratio is expected. Person's with obstructive pulmonary disease processes (COPD, active Asthma reaction) may have a prolonged exhalation 1:3, 1:4 etc. Pulmonary Fibrosis (stiff lung) and damage to certain nueral receptors can cause prolonged inspiration. I/E ratios are manipulated with intubated ventilated patients to achieve a variety of outcomes.

Cheers!

Normal respiratory rate reported in a healthy adult varies from source to source: between 12 to 20 breaths per minute[1], between 10-14,[2], between 14-18[3], etc. (With such a slow rate, it is best to count the number of breaths over a full minute for accuracy.)

An arterial anastomosis is when more than one artery fuses before giving rise to arterioles. An arterial anastomosis in effect provides an insurance policy for capillary beds: If one artery is compressed or blocked, the others can continue to deliver blood to the capillary bed, and dependent tissues will not be damaged. Arterial anastomoses occur in the brain, in the coronary circulation, and in many other sites as well.

The median oxygen saturation was 93 percent in the standard-saturation group ... for these infants than for infants who do not have chronic lung disease.9 ....Parental stress and parent--infant interaction were assessed by means of .... on supplemental oxygen at 36weeks of postmenstrual age was 46 percent

Respiratory rate can be checked using several methods. The most common ways include visual observation of chest rise and fall, palpation of the chest or abdomen, and using a stethoscope to listen to breath sounds. Additionally, electronic devices like respiratory rate monitors and pulse oximeters can provide accurate measurements. Each method may offer different levels of accuracy and convenience.

Pulse is taken as part of the vital signs. Assessing the pulse is a good indication of conditions that may affect the heart such as bradycardia (slow heart rate) or tachycardia (fast heart rate). Electric abnormalities can either slow down or increase the heart rate. Infections, inflammation, and anxiety are some of the other condition that can affect the heart rate.

Na+

In a few cases, the severe weakness of MG may cause respiratory failure, which requires immediate emergency medical care. Advances in medical care have reduced the mortality rate to about 3%.

Carbon dioxide and blood PH

Yes. The hypothalamus is part of your autonomic nervous center and can influence rate and depth in response to pain and temperature changes

a pulmonologist.

Testicle?

It will increase.

Usually for one minute.

The normal respiratory rate for dogs is 16 to 20 breaths per minute.

abnormal

It's proberly about 20-30 maybe

Not necessarily. Even after circulation ceases, there is still some oxygen attached to the hemoglobin in blood. So, even though blood is not circulating, there are still oxygen molecules where a pulse oximeter would be taken (i.e. finger). Hence why fingernails continue to grow after death (keratin cells in the nail beds don't require much oxygen to function, thus taking longer to use up what's left in the hemoglobin).

What you need to realize though is that a pulse oximeter works based mainly on skin coloration. Skin that has good circulation is pink and warm, delivering fresh oxygen and removing cellular waste. Without a pulse, the skin begins to turn cyanotic - that's the bluish tint a person gets when they're not breathing, thus a lack of oxygen to the cells.

Why in Hades you'd want to pulse-ox a non-circulating body is a little strange...

12 to 15 per minute.

Children breathe faster than adults. Body size, weight and activity level influence normal breathing rates. But age is the factor most commonly used to determine normal values. Normal breathing rate ranges from as high as 30 to 60 breaths per minute at birth to as low as 12 to 16 breaths per minute at age 18. Breathing maintains the child's critical balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Breaths by Age

According to the New York State Department of Health, infants, from birth to 1 year, should have 30 to 60 breaths per minute. Toddlers, ages 1 to 3, breathe 24 to 40 times per minute. Pre-schoolers, ages 3 to 6 years, average 22 to 34 breaths per minute. Six- to 12-year-olds have 18 to 30 breaths per minute. Adolescents, ages 12 to 18, have 12 to 16 breaths per minute.

Things to Consider

Children are not all alike, and various authorities report slightly different normal breathing ranges, though most vary by only a few percent. But the trend of decreasing normal rate with increasing age remains unchanged in all cases. Normal rates vary according to weight, activity levels and growth-related developmental milestones.

Breathing for Equilibrium

Normal breathing rate is important because breathing delivers oxygen to a developing child's heart, brain, liver and all the other organ systems. A child not only needs oxygen for ongoing metabolism, like an adult, but for creation of new and growing tissues, bones and nerves. Breathing also eliminates carbon dioxide, the normal waste product of metabolism and growth. A child's biochemistry is carefully balanced between too much and too little carbon dioxide. A normal breathing rate is one of the most important regulators of that balance.