Sickle-Cell Disease

The pro of sickle cell hemoglobin is that if you have only one allele for sickle cell hemoglobin and the other allele is normal, then you are immune to malaria.

It is an example of Natural Selection, Modern Theories of Evolution.

Down syndrome is due to trisomy condition of chromosome 21. That is 2n+ 1 condition. leads to mental retardation, reduced IQ pwer etc

sickle cell trait is caused by two recessive alleles - meaning both partns must give resessive trait DNA o their child. - sickle cell anemia dose not have a benefit - or if it dose it is out waysd by the fact that people with sickle cell have very low blood oxygen as their blood cellsare dis-formed. however, if there is only one allele- ie they have A and b alleles for sickle cell. then they are more immune to malaria. a deadly parasite passed by misquotes in tropical countries.

The allele responsible for sickle-cell anemia can be found on the short arm of chromosome 11, more specifically 11p15.
The sickle-cell disease occurs when the sixth amino acid, glutamic acid, is replaced by valine to change its structure and function. Sickle-cell anemia is also known as E6V.
Valine is hydrophobic, causing the hemoglobin to collapse on itself occasionally. The genetic disorder is due to the mutation of a single nucleotide, from a GAG to GTG codon on the coding strand, which is transcribed from the template strand into a GUG codon.

To display symptoms it requires 2 copies. Someone with one copy would only be a carrier and not display any symptoms.

If one parent has sickle cell trait and the other parent has the normal type of hemoglobin, there is a 50% (1 in 2) chance with EACH pregnancy that the baby will be born with sickle cell trait.

You are born with this trait. If you had both copies, instead of one, you would have the disease. There is no way to get rid of it. Think about any children you have and be sure the person who will be the other parent doesn't carry the trait or have the disease.

Recessively, that means that both parents must be symptomless carriers then there is only a 1 in 4 chance that a given child will be born with the disease.

Note: symptomless carriers have the strong advantage of being much more likely to survive malaria than "normals". Sickle cell disease is inherited through a single pair of genes (one gene from each parent), on chromosome 11. They must receive the gene from both parents in order to actually get sickle cell disease. If they receive one gene for sickle cell disease from one parent but a normal gene from another, they have "sickle cell trait." The genes that involve sickle cell control the production of hemoglobin (a protein) in red blood cells. Abnormal hemoglobin from sickle cell disease causes red blood cells to grow incorrectly.

Persons with sickle cell trait are much more resistant to malaria (a common disease in Africa, where the gene originated) than persons having two normal genes. This makes the sickle cell gene very likely to persist in areas where malaria is endemic, like Africa.

Sickle cell anemia cause red blood cells to be shaped like sickles. malaria can't enter these cells which gives the person an immunity to malaria.

Sickle-shaped red blood cells can become tangled together due to their abnormal shape, which makes them rigid and less flexible compared to normal disc-shaped cells. When these sickle cells travel through small blood vessels, their pointed edges can interlock and form clumps, obstructing blood flow. This can lead to reduced oxygen delivery to tissues and cause pain and other complications associated with sickle cell disease. The tendency to form these tangles can be exacerbated by low oxygen levels, dehydration, or infection.

Because sickle cell diseases are characterized by the rapid loss of red blood cells

Now because improving in health care services, they have around normal life expectancy

15000 people with sickle cell in the UK i think

The stomach and heart/lungs.... This person who previously answered this question with just those 3 things also forgot some major organs... Pancreas, Liver, Upper Intestines, Lower Intestines (the L.I. are right behind the belly button)

It affects about 1 out of every 5,000 people but mostly African Americans. Since it basically has the body producing useless blood cells, it works the same on anyone who gets it.

No Sickle Cell is not like Leukemia... I am not sure why people assume that. I can tell you why Hematology (blood Disorders) and Oncology (Cancer) are together in the medical field as Hem/Onc. Leukemia was the first cancer discovered because Leukemia is a cancer of the blood they put it with blood disorders. SN: Hem/Onc is the only field of medicine where if you want to treat cancer you are forced into treating blood disorders, or vice vera.

Since the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen is lower with sickle cell anaemia, your whole body is effected. You get tired very quickly, and because of the anormal shape of the blood cells strokes are more likely because coagulation can happen more easily.

what's biracial mean

Sickle Cell disease

A disease that involves misshaped cells that can easily cause blood clots.

there is no specific group of people can get this disease, but i can tell you that in some country you will find the majority of sick people accumulate in one region and that due to the marriage from the same place in this case the no. of sickle disease will increase in that particular area.

Sickle cell trait is an inherited blood disorder that affects 1 million to 3 million Americans and 8 to 10 percent of African Americans. Sickle cell trait can also affect Hispanics, South Asians, Caucasians from southern Europe, and people from Middle Eastern countries.

By running some blood-tests if you have symptoms that indicate you have the disease. Some of those symptoms are anemia, jaundice, pain in long bones, abdomen pain etc. One of those test is "sickle solubility test." If it is positive, you have sickle cell anemia, another one is electrophoresis.

Heterozygous induviduals pass the dominant and recessive alleles to offspring

Describe the effect that sickle cell anemia has on the sedimentation rate!