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Viruses (biological)
A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Viruses display a wide diversity of shapes and sizes, called morphologies. Generally viruses are much smaller than bacteria. Most viruses that have been studied have a diameter between 10 and 300 nanometres.
1,710 Questions
What body parts are affected by rabies?
it is neurological, destroys brain cells. it is treatable after the subject is infected but before it sets in. the test for rabies must be done post-mortem as it involves disection of the brain. to be positively identified as having rabies, the subject is already dead. if you think you or your pet may have come into contact with a rabid animal, do something now! the only person i know of who died of rabies contracted it from bats living in her attic. she seemingly went insane in the last months of her life, and the rabies diagnosis was made only in the autopsy.
Why do you get a fever when you get the flu?
When you have a fever your internal thermostat is set too high therefore a room temperature which would feel comfortable if your temperature was normal gives you a chill if your temperature is raised.
The above answer is an oversimplification. When you shiver, it is your body's way of warming itself up. The repetitive oscillations of your muscles give off heat which raise the body's core temperature. When you have a fever, it is because your body is using the heat to kill off the invading organisms. When it needs a little more help getting the core temperature up, it signals the body to begin shivering to raise the temperature even more.
There was speculation that it may have started at an American owned pig farm in Mexico, a Smithfield Foods facility. However, the following article states that Mexico's Agriculture Department has proven it was not the original location:
Press Release from the National Pork Producers Council:
"Washington, May 14, 2009 -
Mexico's agriculture department today said the influenza strain that now has infected almost 4,300 people in 33 countries did not originate from hogs at a Smithfield Foods operation that had been singled out by some, including critics of modern pork production, as the source of the A-H1N1 flu virus.
Test results released today by the Mexican Ministry of Agriculture, Ranching, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food (SAGARPA) confirmed that the novel A-H1N1 virus was not in pigs at the Granjas Carroll de México farm in Veracruz. The pigs also tested negative for other viruses. "
The generic virus itself is not new-swine flu caused a brief panic in 1976 when it appeared in a U.S. army base and sickened many of the soldiers stationed there. Ironically the biggest fallout from that incident of swine flu came from the vaccine that President Gerald Ford urged citizens to get: only one person died from the actual flu while twenty-five died and five-hundred took sick from the vaccine. To further complicate our understanding of where this virus came from, researchers are now saying that "swine" flu isn't even the correct description of what this current one is, since this virus is made up from a mix of porcine, avian and human flu strains. Swine flu, in it's purely "piggy" form, is actually found in pigs worldwide, literally in every country. The World Animal Health organization is recommending the virus be renamed to "North-American influenza" to reflect its presumed origins. It is being called "Influenza A, Novel H1N1 (formerly Swine Flu)" by CDC and WHO and most of the world nations' ministries of health now.
For this particular incarnation of swine flu to transfer to humans would have taken a fairly complicated series of events. A pig with swine flu would have had to come into contact with a human with "human" flu and then the two viruses would have had to hybridize in the pig. Eventually a new strain of flu would be created that could be caught by humans, and would perhaps be carried back to humans via flies.
For a more scientific or medical explanation to answer the question, see the related answer below about the cause of the 2009 "Swine Flu" H1N1 Virus.
Do vaccines work against viruses and bacteria?
No. Vaccines are not used for treatment. They are used as prevention.
Howdy fellow user!
Viruses are quite unusual when you try to categorise them in that way.
From what I have learned, viruses are usually not alive when outside their host, like, a flu virus sitting on a table. But, when the person touches the virus-infested table and rubs their face with that very hand, the virus gets inside them by infecting the respiratory epithelial cells, their favourite host cells. They soon start pumping put copies of themselves as if they are 'alive'.
Overall, they are obligate intracellular parasites, i.e., they need the perfect host to become 'alive' since the host has all the machinery needed to make the proteins and replicate the genome.
I hope this answer was helpful for you! 😄
How do viruses sustain themselves?
Viruses do not really "eat" because they are not alive. They are called microbes and microscopic organisms by some scientists for ease of discussion, but they don't meet the strict definitions of these, so other scientists prefer to call them "sub-microscopic infectious agents".
They carry pieces of DNA or RNA and attach to and enter a living host's cells (plant or animal) and cause those cells to create more viruses. The virus causes this replication by modifying the DNA of the "invaded" host cells to make them stop their original function in the host and turn into a cell functioning only to reproduce copies of the virus. The material and energy needed to reproduce them is not coming from the virus or to the virus in the form of food, it is provided by the host animal's or plant's cells. Viruses can not continue to replicate (stay "alive") without the host cell doing the work and providing the materials.
Nobody, yet. There is no known cure for influenze (the 'flu). There are vaccinations which can help to prevent one from getting the 'flu, but these are not cures. They work by giving the person a small dose of the virus thought most likely to strike an area, and this gets the person's immune system to make antibodies against that particular virus. If that particular virus is the one which strikes, then the person may not get the 'flu - not "will not", just "may not". If a different strain of the virus is what strikes then the vaccinated person may have no immunity.
What does the flu shot do to you?
If you actually get the flu, and not just a mild reaction to the vaccine (which can seem similar at first), it will most likely be because you:
- had it already before you got the vaccine and just had not shown symptoms yet; or,
- between the time you took the vaccination and your body developed the full immunity you caught the flu (this can take as long as two weeks in healthy adults*, but with the 2009 H1N1 vaccine it worked as quickly as 8 - 10 days in some people); or,
- you may have caught a strain of flu that was not included in the vaccine, and so the vaccination would not provide immunity to it (however, if infected with a very similar strain, it could make your symptoms milder); or,
- you may have a condition, be on medication that weakens your immune response (like chemotherapy or medicines to prevent transplant rejection or autoimmune diseases), or have an immune system disease like HIV/AIDS that prevents you from achieving immunity from a vaccination. In that event, you will need to continue to use all precautions to prevent infection (hand washing, avoiding crowds, etc.) even if you get the vaccine.
- the vaccinations are not always 100% effective for various reasons, most claim that they are 90% to 98% effective.
* Children under 10 need two vaccinations before fully protected, so the time between their first vaccination and when they have had the second and time for their bodies to react to it, is longer than in adults (just under two months total, typically).
Rabies is an infectious disease caused by a virus that infects nerves in mammals. (INCLUDING HUMANS). The rabies virus travels to the brain nerves. Once it reaches the brain, the virus reproduces and then travels through nerves. Once it reaches the brain, the virus reproduces and then travels through the nerves back to most part of the body.
Eventually, the virus reaches the salivary glands where it is released into the saliva in the mouth. By this time, the disease has usually damaged the brain, producing either submissive or violent behaviour. It eventually causes death.
Rabies is spread by infected animals to other mammals (including humans) through saliva. This can occur in three main ways:
- biting
- contact with the virus through an open cut, sore or wound
- contact with the virus through mucous membranes (mouth, nasal cavity, eyes
- careless handling of a dead rabid animal
Usually, people come into contact with rabies through their pets. Rabies in a single dog or cat can expose many human beings. Only 10% of reported rabid animals are cats or dogs, but they cause about 60% of all incidents requiring human post exposure vaccination.
Yes it can. Some flues can hit with a vegence and thus the person doesn't eat well or at all. They can also become hydrated and if there is diarrhea or vomiting involved it weakens the person and their immune system. The electrolites in the body fail and must be replenished with electrolite liquids bought at your local pharmacy. Once you are over your flu then your ovulation will start to straighten out. Don't worry about it.
Does the flu shot have swine ingredients?
No, except the virus itself does contain portions of DNA from swine, human and avian influenza genomes. The only protein used in the manufacture of the vaccine was from chicken eggs in which the virus was grown for production. There are tiny/trace amounts of that. For a full list of ingredients of the various vaccines see the related question below.
What disease does Ebola virus cause?
Ebola begins with a headache, back and neck ache. It proceeds to bloody vomit, and diarrhea, and bleeding gums and nose. Rashes, hiccups (odd symptom) Bruising (due to internal bleeding) forms on the skin and also redness of the eyes form.
In pregnant women, miscarriage and heavy vaginal bleeding are common Ebola symptoms.
Followed by Extensive internal and External bleeding, Jaundice, shock and Death
Death usually occurs during the second week of Ebola symptoms. Death in Ebola victims is usually from massive blood loss.
Between 50 and 90% of infected people die, there is at present no known cure.
And 15 fatal deaths in '04.
How many people died from the flu?
about so many ppl i cant count
In a typical year, the flu deaths in the United States are about 23,000. It can range from 3300 to 48,000 deaths depending upon the kind of flu and if it is an epidemic or not. To put it in perspective, last year 8 people in the US died of "West Nile Virus". So flu should be renamed "The East African Lung Disease"!
How does rabies effect your brain?
Rabies is a viral infection of the central nervous system, which means it affects the brain, spinal cord, and their surrounding membranes. A person with rabies has difficulty drinking because the salivary glands are also affected. For this reason, rabies is sometimes referred to as hydrophobia, which means fear of water
Ebola is caused by infection with a virus of the family Filoviridae, genus Ebolavirus. There are five identified Ebola virus species, four of which are known to cause disease in humans: Ebola virus (Zaire ebolavirus); Sudan virus (Sudan ebolavirus); Taï Forest virus and Bundibugyo virus (Bundibugyo ebolavirus). The fifth, Reston virus (Reston ebolavirus), has caused disease in nonhuman primates, but not in humans.
How many people get rabies from animals?
There is never a solid answer to questions like this one. Sorry....
What are the long term effects of the ebola virus?
It causes odd behaviors, delirium, combativeness, loss of muscle function, muscle spasms, drooling, convulsions, and pain.
There is no short term effects of rabies. It isn't until the virus reaches the central nervous system that the effects listed above occur.
See link below for more information:
Actually, I don't think so. I'm pretty sure about that. Because dogs don't have hair-free skin around their lips so they shouldn't be able to... If you want to make sure just ask a vet. It's what I would do. But, otherwise, no.
Can you get the flu vaccination after you have had the flu?
First, to be sure your question is fully answered and understood, the flu vaccinations are for prevention of infection with the exact type of flu that is contained in the vaccine, so if you have already been ill with the flu then there is no need to vaccinate to prevent that same flu, since your immune system will naturally develop immunity to future infections by that same virus from having had the flu without a vaccination.
But, since there are so many different types of flu viruses, and since usually no lab testing is done to determine or confirm the exact strain of virus that has made you ill, then you will still need to get the vaccination for the seasonal flu, which, in most locations of the world, will contain vaccine against the three most prevalent flu viruses circulating at that time. The vaccination will be still needed to protect you from any of those other flu viruses that you have not yet been exposed to.
So, to answer: Yes, you can get the flu vaccination after you have the flu unless you are not fully recovered and still have a fever. It will not hurt you to receive a vaccine for a virus that you have already been exposed to or that has already made you ill. Your immune system will just say, "Been there done that" and go to work on creating immunity to any other viruses in the vaccine that it has not seen before.
Viruses can be good for the immune system as they enable the body to produce the antibodies for your body to fight the infection. The antibodies will also help the body to fight the infection should you contract the same type of virus again.
How long are you contagious with Coronavirus?
They can remain active (e.g., able to infect someone) for longer on the surfaces and on objects that receive the droplets as they fall from the air. Often, for flu and cold viruses, this is around 48 hours, but does vary as noted above according to the size of the individual virions. See the related questions below for more details.
Viruses are not an organism at all. They are not alive. They are nonliving. They are like cockle burrs that "grab" hold of your clothing or a dog's coat. They are hijackers. Once they get attached to the cell of a living cell, they can take it over and "make" the living cell produce virus particles instead of cell parts. These parts can assemble into more viruses and then they break out of the cell (killing it) and begin the process again. They cannot make more viruses on their own.
They are very small and can be considered ultramicroscopic. We were not able to see them with the best light microscopes as we could bacteria (prokaryotes). We have to use an electron microscope to see them as they are that small. This was not available until recently.
What is the recommended dose of chickenpox vaccine?
The doseage changes each year with the seasonal flu vaccines based upon human and laboratory trials to see what doseages are effective against the selected strains of flu that are expected to be predominant during the upcoming flu season. The swine flu vaccine is still (August 2009) being tested to determine this by the drug manufacturers. It is expected that this will be tested and determined for vaccine release very soon.
