X-Ray

Yes, x-rays can travel through air, but some of the energy is absorbed by the air molecules as they pass through. This is why x-rays are typically used in a controlled setting with protective equipment to minimize exposure to surrounding tissues.

Rosalind Franklin, a scientist at King's College London, produced the x-ray crystallography pictures of DNA that were crucial for Watson and Crick's discovery of the DNA's double helix structure. Although Franklin's data was instrumental in their work, she did not share the Nobel Prize awarded to Watson, Crick, and Wilkins for the discovery.

The biggest telescopes are reflecting - instead of a main lens, they have a main mirror. Above a certain size, it is no longer feasible, or at least practical, to use lenses.

The biggest telescopes are reflecting - instead of a main lens, they have a main mirror. Above a certain size, it is no longer feasible, or at least practical, to use lenses.

The biggest telescopes are reflecting - instead of a main lens, they have a main mirror. Above a certain size, it is no longer feasible, or at least practical, to use lenses.

The biggest telescopes are reflecting - instead of a main lens, they have a main mirror. Above a certain size, it is no longer feasible, or at least practical, to use lenses.

Yes, X-rays travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, which is higher than the speed of visible light. This is because the speed of light in a medium is inversely proportional to the refractive index of the medium, and X-rays have a shorter wavelength than visible light, allowing them to travel at a higher speed.

Having the Chandra X-ray Observatory in space allows it to capture high-energy X-rays from celestial sources without the Earth's atmosphere absorbing them. X-rays cannot penetrate the Earth's atmosphere, so having Chandra in space ensures that it can observe these energetic phenomena clearly and accurately. Additionally, being above the Earth's atmosphere provides a stable observing platform with minimal interference from factors like weather or light pollution.

Chandra X-ray Observatory detects X-rays, which are a type of electromagnetic wave with higher energy and shorter wavelength than visible light. X-rays are emitted by extremely hot and high-energy objects in the universe, such as black holes, neutron stars, and supernova remnants.

Although not harmful in small doses, x-rays and cosmic rays potentially can damage tissue or sensitive computer equipment; spacecraft and some ground-based electronics are specially hardened against them for this reason.

High energy particles have the potential to damage DNA and in some cases cause mutations, although this is not a cause for panic. The Earth's atmosphere and powerful magnetic field manage to shield us from most space-born radiation and high-energy particles.

In a typical year a person might receive about 360 millirems of x-ray radiation from space and other normal sources of radiation in the matter around us. By comparison, a dental x-ray is about 2 to 3 mrems. Astronauts which travel outside the Earth's magnetosphere were known to be exposed to larger doses of radiation; this was studied as part of the Apollo lunar mission effort, and the levels deemed safe owing to the brevity of the missions. Some astronauts reported seeing brief flashes of light in their vision, which was attributed to cosmic rays although the mechanism is not fully understood.

I don't believe that this form of deay would directly form a X-ray photon. To go from 81RB to 81KR, a proton would need to be converted to a neutron - thus inverse Beta Decay. During this decay event, a neutrono would also be produced.

Because the electron captured is in the inner shell, the atom is unstable. Thus, when the electrons realign in their respective shells, a high energy photon would then be produced. However, this photon is not the direct result of decay but is instead due to the atom returning to is ground state.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_capture

X-rays can be harmful if not used properly. Unnecessary exposure to X-rays can increase the risk of cancer due to the radiation. However, when used in medical imaging for necessary diagnostic purposes, the benefits usually outweigh the risks. It is important to follow recommendations and guidelines provided by healthcare professionals to ensure safe use of X-rays.

Gamma rays have higher energy than X-rays. Gamma rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation with the highest energy in the electromagnetic spectrum, while X-rays have lower energy and fall between ultraviolet and gamma rays on the spectrum.

Marie Curie did not invent the X-ray machine; it was actually invented by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895. However, Marie Curie did pioneer research on radioactivity and its uses in medicine, which contributed to advancements in X-ray technology.

X-rays are not capable of producing beta rays. Beta rays are a form of ionizing radiation emitted by certain types of radioactive nuclei. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation produced through processes like electron transitions in atoms or by high-energy electron collisions.

Mostly neutron stars are detected with radio telescopes. Some can actually be seen with optical telescopes, and these are all optical pulsars.

Neutron stars were discovered because they are radio sources. The first star known to be a neutron star was the Crab Nebula neutron star, or Crab Pulsar, which was discovered to be a neutron star because of its radio emissions in 1965. Its apparent magnitude is 16.5. This puts it beyond the abilities of most amateur telescopes.

X-rays and gamma rays are both forms of electromagnetic radiation, but differ in their origins. X-rays are typically produced by accelerated electrons hitting a target, while gamma rays originate from nuclear processes like radioactive decay or nuclear reactions. Gamma rays have higher energy and penetrating power compared to X-rays, making them more harmful to living organisms.

X-ray photographs taken by Rosalind Franklin provided key information about the structure of DNA, suggesting a helical shape with a repeating pattern. Watson and Crick used this data to build a model of the DNA molecule, leading to their discovery of the double helix structure. Franklin's work was crucial in providing the evidence necessary for Watson and Crick to propose their groundbreaking model.

The Chandra X-ray Observatory operates in space because Earth's atmosphere absorbs X-rays, preventing them from reaching ground-based telescopes. By locating the observatory in space, it can capture X-rays from distant celestial objects without interference, providing clearer and more detailed images of the universe. Additionally, operating in space allows Chandra to observe continuously without the interruptions caused by Earth's day-night cycle.

To extract silver from old X-ray films, the films need to be shredded into small pieces. These pieces are then treated with chemicals to dissolve the emulsion layer containing the silver halide. The silver can then be extracted from the solution using a process such as electrolysis or chemical precipitation.

The range of wavelengths for X-rays is typically between 0.01 to 10 nanometers. X-rays have shorter wavelengths and higher energy compared to visible light, making them suitable for medical imaging, security screening, and materials analysis.

The simple answer is 'they do.'

If you were to hold a piece of paper up to direct sunlight, you would be able to the sunlight coming through the paper. The paper is opaque but not completely so, some light does get through. If you were to put a piece of glass on top of this piece of paper you would see it too. Even though glass is transparent to visible light it still has refractive and reflective properties that effect the light that falls on it.

The same is true for x-rays. Flesh and bone is opaque to x-rays but not completely so. Shining x-rays on a limb will show something of the things in it.

X-rays have higher energy and shorter wavelengths than visible light rays, allowing them to penetrate deeper into materials and tissues. This property makes X-rays useful for imaging bones and other dense structures in the body. Additionally, the production of X-rays involves high-voltage electricity and specialized equipment, contributing to their higher power compared to visible light rays.

Infrared has the lowest energy per photon.

Infrared has the lowest energy per photon.

Infrared has the lowest energy per photon.

Infrared has the lowest energy per photon.

NASA named its X-ray telescope after Indian astrophysicist Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, in recognition of his groundbreaking work on the evolution and structure of stars. The Chandra X-ray Observatory was launched in 1999 and continues to provide valuable insights into the high-energy universe.

Cosmic rays are not part of the electromagnetic spectrum. They are high-energy particles, such as protons and atomic nuclei, that travel through space at nearly the speed of light. Unlike electromagnetic waves, which are composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, cosmic rays are actual particles with mass.