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Probability

The probability of a certain event is a number expressing the likelihood that a specific event will occur, expressed as the ratio of the number of actual occurrences to the number of possible occurrences. In mathematics, it is a measure of how often an event will happen and is the basis of statistics.

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What is the likelihood that a particular event will occur?

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Asked by Wiki User

The likelihood of a particular event occurring can vary depending on various factors such as the probability distribution, historical data, and potential influencing factors. It is typically expressed as a probability ranging from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain). Analyzing these factors can help estimate the likelihood of the event.

What will affect the sample size calculation for a clinical trial?

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Asked by Wiki User

Factors that will affect the sample size calculation for a clinical trial include the effect size (magnitude of the treatment effect), desired level of confidence, statistical power, variability in outcome measures, and the type of statistical test being used. Additionally, the expected dropout rate, study design, and practical considerations such as cost and feasibility can also impact the sample size calculation.

What is the formula for sample size determination by mugenda and mugenda 2003?

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Asked by Wiki User

The formula for sample size determination by Mugenda and Mugenda (2003) is typically based on the following formula for estimating sample size in a population:

n = (Z^2 * p * q) / E^2

where:
n = required sample size
Z = Z-score corresponding to the desired confidence level
p = estimated proportion of the population with the attribute of interest
q = 1 - p
E = desired margin of error

What two interests does probable cause balance?

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Asked by Wiki User

Probable cause balances law enforcement's need to investigate and prevent crime with an individual's right to privacy and protection against unjustified governmental intrusion. It serves as a fundamental element in upholding the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

How many people in the world have a birthday on January-24?

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Asked by Wiki User

It is estimated that approximately 19 million people worldwide celebrate their birthday on January 24th. However, this number may vary due to factors such as birth rates and population growth.

How probability sampling is used?

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Asked by Wiki User

Probability sampling is used to select a sample from a population in such a way that every individual or element in the population has a known and non-zero chance of being selected. This method ensures that the sample is representative of the population, allowing for generalizations and statistical inferences to be made with greater validity and accuracy. Probability sampling techniques include simple random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and systematic sampling.

What is conclusion for additional mathematics project work 2009?

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Asked by Wiki User

The conclusion for an Additional Mathematics Project Work in 2009 would summarize the key findings and results obtained from the project. It would also mention any limitations encountered during the project and propose further areas of research or improvement for future studies. Additionally, the conclusion might reflect on the overall significance of the project in the context of Additional Mathematics.

How do you make normal distribution curve in Excel?

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Asked by Wiki User

To create a normal distribution curve in Excel, you can use the NORM.DIST function to calculate the probability density function at various data points. Then, you can use a scatter plot to graph the data and connect the points to visualize the normal distribution curve. Alternatively, you can use the built-in chart options in Excel to create a bell curve by plotting the mean and standard deviation values of your data.

Is probably a prefix?

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Asked by Wiki User

"Pro" is a prefix that typically means "in favor of" or "contributing to." It is often used to indicate support, approval, or intensity.

The disappearance of Neandertals was probably caused by?

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Asked by Wiki User

a combination of factors, including competition with modern humans, interbreeding, and environmental changes such as climate fluctuations. These factors likely contributed to the decline and eventual extinction of the Neandertals.

What is every combination of a 4-digit number using the numbers 1234567890?

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Asked by Wiki User

There are 210 of them and they are:0123, 0124, 0125, 0126, 0127, 0128, 0129, 0134, 0135, 0136,

0137, 0138, 0139, 0145, 0146, 0147, 0148, 0149, 0156, 0157,

0158, 0159, 0167, 0168, 0169, 0178, 0179, 0189, 0234, 0235,

0236, 0237, 0238, 0239, 0245, 0246, 0247, 0248, 0249, 0256,

0257, 0258, 0259, 0267, 0268, 0269, 0278, 0279, 0289, 0345,

0346. 0347, 0348, 0349, 0356, 0357, 0358, 0359, 0367 ,0368,

0369, 0378, 0379, 0389, 0456, 0457, 0458, 0459, 0467, 0468,

0469, 0478, 0479, 0489, 0567, 0568, 0569, 0578, 0579, 0589,

0678, 0679, 0689, 0789, 1234, 1235, 1236, 1237, 1238, 1239,

1245, 1246, 1247, 1248, 1249, 1256, 1257, 1258, 1259, 1267,

1268, 1269, 1278, 1279, 1289, 1345, 1346, 1347, 1348, 1349,

1356, 1357, 1358, 1359, 1367, 1368, 1369, 1378, 1379, 1389,

1456, 1457, 1458, 1459, 1467, 1468, 1469, 1478, 1479, 1489,

1567, 1568, 1569, 1578, 1579, 1589, 1678, 1679, 1689, 1789,

2345, 2346, 2347, 2348, 2349, 2356, 2357, 2358, 2359, 2367,

2368, 2369, 2378, 2379, 2389, 2456, 2457, 2458, 2459, 2467,

2468, 2469, 2478, 2479, 2489, 2567, 2568, 2569, 2578, 2579,

2589, 2678, 2679, 2689, 2789, 3456, 3457, 3458, 3459, 3467,

3468, 3469, 3478, 3479, 3489, 3567, 3568, 3569, 3578, 3579,

3589, 3678, 3679, 3689, 3789, 4567, 4568, 4569, 4578, 4579,

4589, 4678, 4679, 4689, 4789, 5678 ,5679, 5689, 5789 and 6789.


In Macbeth who did the doctor suggest the one with unnatural troubles needed to see for a cure A-the witches B-the devine C-the hecate or D-banquo's ghost?

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Asked by Wiki User

The doctor in Macbeth suggests that the person with unnatural troubles should seek help from the divine (B) for a cure, rather than from sources such as witches, Hecate, or Banquo's ghost. This reflects the belief in the play that supernatural problems should be addressed through holy or divine intervention.

Why are some people consistently unlucky?

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Asked by Aquinosys

Luck can be influenced by various factors such as random chance, perception, and attitude. Some people might perceive themselves as consistently unlucky due to a negative mindset or focusing on negative experiences. It's important to remember that luck is often a combination of randomness and our interpretation of events.

What statistical tests can I use on data collected from quota samples?

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Asked by Wiki User

You can use statistical tests appropriate for categorical data, such as chi-square tests or Fisher's exact test for associations between variables. For continuous data, you can use t-tests or non-parametric tests like Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test. It's important to consider the limitations of quota sampling in interpreting the results.

How many permutations of letters in word swimming?

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Asked by Wiki User

The number of permutations of the letters SWIMMING is 8 factorial or 40,320. The number of distinct permutations, however, due to the duplication of the letters I and M is a factor of 4 less than that, or 10,080.

What is probability crm?

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Asked by Wiki User

CRM stand for composite risk management. The CRM probability indicates whether or not a business transaction will actually take place.

Why surveys and polls are good examples of finding probabilities?

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Asked by Wiki User

because they can help you find your right answer

If you draw a card from a normal deck of cards what is the probability that you will draw an even number or red card?

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Asked by Wiki User

The question asks for the probability of an even card OR a red card. The term "OR" is key since this is not the same as the probability of drawing an even card and a red card, that is to say an even red card. GIven any two events, A and B P(A or B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A and B) IF A and B are mutually exclusive, then P(A and B)=0 and this equation becomes P(A)+P(B) However, they are NOT in this case. So let A be the probability the card is even and B the probability it is red. P(A)=20/52 since J, K and Q are neither even nor odd (20=(52-12)/2)) P(B)=26/52 since half the cards are red. P(A and B) is the probability that a card is red AND even. We have 20 even cards, half of them are red and half are black so the odds are 10/52 of being red and even. P (A or B)=20/52+26/52-10/52=9/13

How many ways can you arrange 36 ducks in rows?

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Asked by Wiki User

You can have:

1 row of 36

2 rows of 18

3 rows of 12

4 rows of 9

or 6 rows of 6, so in total there are 5 ways.

What is the probability of being born in August?

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Asked by Wiki User

Let me give you a simple answer first and two deep answers next.

Simple answer is, assuming that all months have the same number of days (which is very approximately true), 1/12.

If you want a slightly deeper answer, then 31/365 or 31/366 is correct, depending upon whether the year is a normal year or a leap year.

The correct answer, which might be argued as "philosophical", is as follows:

The Gregorian calender, the current standard calender in most of the world, adds a 29th day to February, 97 years out of 400, a closer approximation than once every four years. This would be implemented by making a leap year every year divisible by 4 unless that year is divisible by 100. If it is divisible by 100 it would only be a leap year if that year was also divisible by 400.So, in the last millennium, 1600 and 2000 were leap years, but 1700, 1800, and 1900 were not. In this millennium, 2100, 2200, 2300, 2500, 2600, 2700, 2900 and 3000 will not be leap years, but 2400 and 2800 will be. The years that are divisible by 100 but not 400 are known as "exceptional common years". By this rule, the average number of days per year will be 365 + 1/4 - 1/100 + 1/400 = 365.2425.In 400 years, thereforethere are 303 normal years and97 leap yearsTotal number of days in 303 years110,595 days(normal years)Total number of days in 97 years35,502 days(leap years)Total number of days146,097 daysTotal number of August months400(in 400 years)Total number of days in August in12,400400 yearsProbability that a person is 0.084875 or 1 in11.78202born in August (=12,400 / 146,097) or 31 in365.24251 / 12 =0.08333331 / 365 =0.08493231 / 366 =0.084699

There are assumptions in the above answer as well. These are

1. That all days in a year have the equal probability (which is not strictly true, as records of births will be required for verification)

2. The Gregorian calender has been in effect since 1700s. The probability as above will only work for years after the introduction of Gregorian calender.

Why t-distributions tend to be flatter and more spread out than normal distribution?

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Asked by Wiki User

T-distributions tend to be flatter and more spread out than normal distributions due to their heavier tails. Unlike the normal distribution, which has thin tails, t-distributions account for uncertainty in sample variance estimation, making them more robust for smaller sample sizes. The additional variability inherent in t-distributions arises from the incorporation of the sample size through the degrees of freedom parameter. As the degrees of freedom decrease, the t-distribution becomes more spread out and flatter, reflecting increased uncertainty and variability in the estimates. This property makes t-distributions well-suited for inferential statistics, particularly when dealing with small sample sizes.