Microscopes

The term compound microscope normally refers to a light microscope that uses two or more lenses to magnify objects. (Two lenses does not refer to the number of eye pieces as does the term binocular microscope.) This is to be distinguished from a simple light microscope with a single lens.

There are many modern variations of the light microscope which have more specialized names but which may still be "compound" with the meaning that they have multiple stages of magnification.

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The microscope was invented by Hans Janssen and his son Zacharias around the turn of the 17th century. They were Dutch lensmakers who first demonstrated the compound microscope in the late 16th century.

The light microscope was invented in the late 16th century, with the earliest known example dating back to the early 17th century. Zacharias Janssen, Hans Lippershey, and Hans Jansen are often credited with its invention around the 1590s.

== == Visual inspection of cells (bacterial, cell cultures), immuno-staining (localisation of a protein of interest), microinjection, ... Microscopes are still in use but modern ones often have sophisticated equipment attached, e.g. lasers and motors for object movement.

They are used in cytopathology (looking at pap smears and other specimens from any body site, smeared on glass slides, to search for cancer, precancerous cells, organisms) and pathology (looking at pieces of body parts that have been sliced very thinly and placed on glass slides and stained to search for disease processes). Some scopes are now even computer controlled for use in cytology/cytopathology. Check out Cytyc.com.

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It changes by a process called refracting.

That will vary on what country you reside. In the United States you will find a microscope set at a major outlet like ToysRus. Expect to have a pretty basic microscope. If you are more serious, check with local medical supply stores for your area. High schools' science teachers/labs could give you insite on this also. Check at the hospital laboratory for another lead on microscopes and their purchase.

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A microscope is a scientific instrument with one or more lenses that enhances the view of smaller objects, for example, microorganisms (bacteria) and microsopic materials, which are too small to be seen with the naked eye.

The eyepiece lens and objective lenses able to zoom in and out to enlarge and observe the specimens more clearly, with the objective lenses having a much better zoom-in ability. The eyepiece lens is at the top where you look into to observe the specimen. There are usually 3 or 4 objective lenses on a microscope held by a revolving nosepiece/turret, consisting of different times of zoom-in, e.g. 40x, 100x, 400x....

Also, there is a fine focus knob and a coarse focus knob. The coarse focus is for moving the objective lenses nearer/further away from the specimen while the fine focus is for fine-tuning the focus (usually when it is unclear). Use the coarse focus before the fine focus unless there is no need to zoom in on the specimen.

Finally, an illuminator might shine a light on the specimen so that you can see it more easily.

It depends what do you plan on looking at and what type of microscope do you want? Also what quality do you want as in what magnifications will suffice: 5X, 10X, 40X....Typical light microscopes can go up to 40X but many of them costs above $1000.00 dollars and require microscopic slides and usually squishing the organisms. If you want to look at organisms live, you may want to to get a dissecting scope which can cost up to $900 dollars. Any microscope below $500 is useless. As for electron microscopes, they cost up to 1 million dollars and are only used at Institutions (or if you're a billionaire then go right ahead), they also require a constant water supply to the electron chamber and a critical point drier and gold sputter to prepare the specimens.

A hand lens is used to magnify an object. It is used to get a closer look at small features or objects.

The diaphragm is a circular disk that adjusts the amount of light entering the stage area.

The higher the energy of the electron or light the smaller the smaller the focus, What we call the electron has a lower energy that light because the the freqiency of pulsing is lower in the :lanck relation, E =nhf, where n is always equal to 1 divided by h by amthropic measure limitations---which means that n is the number of electrons being pulsed in parallel so that the discreteness of physical reality in terms of matching or balanced minimums of energy, mass and force---in unit terms where h is discretely deterministic in terms of ergs, grams, and dynes ----always in a way that we can only smooth or average in a statistical (problematic) or crude way so that we can obtain long term consistency of measure.

The higher the pulse frequency , f, the higher the measured energy level and the tighter the energy is bundled as a wave so that it will be reflected only by smaller surfaces that are able to "bounce' the energy back toward the source microscope instrument. The lower the frequency pulsing , the lower the energy level of the larger the harmonically reflective surface is that sends reflected energy back that allows the reflecting surface to be spatially maped or "seen" by the instrument.

Electron microscopes are capable of revealing details as much as 1000 times smaller than those visible in light microscopes because the wavelengths of electrons are much shorter than those of light.

Light waves are bent as they travel through glass increasing the ability to see items at a much more magnified level.

First, we have to light up the specimen. A mirror mounted under the microscope stand does the job. Light bounces off the mirror, passes through and around our specimen (mounted firmly to a microscope slide), and into the objective lenses. These lenses bend some of the spread out light beams from the specimen into straight line paths that travel through the microscope tube. Next, the light beams reach the eyepiece lenses. These lenses bend the light back into your eye, so you can see the specimen up close.

A light source on a microscope helps make the object that you're looking at easier to see.

It brightens up the view so the object can be seen more clearly and can be more "in focus".

Robert Hooke, Physicist / Inventor

Died March 3, 1703

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Hans Lippershey and Zacharias Jansen are separately credited with the invention of the microscope. It is not really known which of these two was the inventor. There is a link to an article on the microscope below.

Things To See Closer And Deeper Into The Thing They Are Looking At.

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From the 1st AD when microscopes where looking through a glass with water in it to 8 ton Machines microscopes have changed heaps. The first working one was invented in the 1590 in Hollands By Hans & Zacharias Jessen with a tube with 2 glasses and a bottom bored with an eye look out to see cells and animals we don't even see.

Hope this helped...

Microscopes have helped to view micro organisms & structures .It has helped in pathological investigations including the study & function of cells,tissues etc.It has helped in micro surgery & micro applications in manufacture of products.Microscopes have helped to manufacture advanced electron microscope.