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Ancient Greece
The ancient greek civilization starts around 3200 BC with the Cycladic civilization [followed by the Minoan (2700 BC) and the Mycenean civilization (1600 BC)] and flourished from the 7th century BC to the 2nd century AD, especially in the 5th century BC with the city-states of Athens and Sparta.
10,833 Questions
What are the 3 phrases of the Peloponnesian War?
First Phase: Archidamian War (431-421 BCE)
The Peloponnesian League invaded Attica annually, and Athens launched naval raids on the coast of the Peloponnese. It ended with the signing of the pseudo Peace of Nicias.
Secod Phase: Peace of Nicias (411-412 BCE)
Athens tried to capture Syracuse in Sicily 415-413 BCE, failing disastrously with capture of the whole expedition.
Third Phase: Decelean War (412-404 BCE)
Sparta gained financial support from Persia to build up a competitive navy and attacked Athens' allies and food supply in the Aegean Sea and Ionia, culminating in the seige and surrender of Athens.
How were ancient Greek armies and modern armies similar?
Both are/were highly organized with the armies divided into divisions that perform specialized functions (like armor in a modern army or horsemen in a Greek army). They also follow a hierarchical command structure with a single leader at the top and responsibilities assigned to lower ranking persons, who in turn will delegate aspects of a general order to lower ranking soldiers until it is actually carried out by the lowest ranking soldier(s) that is appropriate for the task.
How were the winners rewarded in ancient Greece?
a crown of laurel leaves and a prize, normlly a medal or money or something famous (an old weapon said to belong to Herakles etc)
What did people write with instead of a pencil in ancient Greece?
First with mullet and chisel on stone but most similar to today's writing used a writing stylus, made of metal, bone or ivory, to place marks upon wax-coated tablets.
What ancient games did the Greeks create that we still celebrate today?
They did the Olympics and the Pentathlon, which is running, Greek wrestling, discus, javelin, and jumping.
Who warned the ancient Athenians about the ancient Macedonian King Philip and his army?
Demosthenes of Athens warned the Athenians not Greece. He was protecting Athenian interests and hegemony over Greece. Demosthenes harbored a personal grudge against Philip because of the humiliation he suffered when he lost his power of speech at the Macedonian court (Aischines, On the Embassy 35), Demosthenes called Philip a barbarian but he would call anyone he did not like a barbarian, including fellow Athenians (Dem. 21.150). Some propagandists have used this word to claim that Macedonian were not thought of as Greek by the rest of Greece but the word, at least in some uses by Demosthenes and others, should be understood as a generic insult. Thus, for example, in some parts of the USA people are dubious that people from other parts are "real Americans."
- [10] When, Athenians, will you take the necessary action? What are you waiting for? Until you are compelled, I presume. But what are we to think of what is happening now? For my own part I think that for a free people there can be no greater compulsion than shame for their position. Or tell me, are you content to run round and ask one another, "Is there any news today?" Could there be any news more startling than that a Macedonian is triumphing over Athenians and settling the destiny of Hellas? ~ Demosthenes. Demosthenes with an English translation by J. H. Vince, M.A. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1930.
Demosthenes, after failing to convince that Macedonians were barbarians, in order to uprise Athenians and after the success of a united Greece under Macedonian hegemony said: "No king of the Hellenes had ever conquered Egypt with the exception only of Alexander, and that he did without war..."
"Even though Xerxes had a huge host with him, he was a barbarian and was defeated by the prudence of the Hellenes; whereas Alexander the Hellene (GREEK) has already engaged in 13 battles and has not been defeated once."
[2.3.4.-5; Oration of Demosthenes]
When did slavery end in Greece?
Slavery was considered a very natural part of life in ancient Greece. Every family in Athens owned at least one salve. Slavery did not end in ancient times. When the Greek Empire collapsed, the Romans continued to have slaves. Although some slaves were freed on an individual basis, for the most part, freeing of slaves did not happen until thousands of years later.
What is a Greek temple's importance to Greeks?
Because they were a place the Ancient Greeks went to pray, and their ancient religion was a big part in their gov. and society, at the time. Today, it is a tourist place with many historic meanings.
What did Priam do that paved the way for the Greeks to invade the city?
well he begged Achilles to give him the body of his slain son which as Achilles respected his wishes he gave him the traditional twelve days of peace which meant no one will attack a mans city or village for 12 days but thanks to that Agamemnon and his generals though of an idea to create a way in which was the Trojan horse which held about 20-30 men enough to open the gates and assassinate all the guards unfortunately though for the Trojans Priam did not listen to his son to burn the Trojan horse instead he kept it unguarded andunchecked in his city square but before it was fully built Agamemnon moved his fleet of 1000 full of his armies across to a different place close to troy so when the men had opened the gates all Agamemnon had to do was send his army in
What city was the center of greek culture?
Because of it's location, Alexandria became a prosperous trade center of the Hellenistic world. After Alexander the Great's death, Hellenistic cities (non-Greek cities sharing characteristics of true Greek cities) were thriving cultural centers for a while.
Where could you get olives in ancient Greece?
the olive trees. They had orchard or vineyard like places for olives. You would pick them from your trees.
What was the design objective of the art and architecture of ancient Greece?
To decorate buildings with highly colourful images of gods, heroes and heroic events.
The Peloponnesian War began as a commercial rivalry between Athens and?
There were several flashpoints - the disputes over Kerkyra (corfu), Potidaia and finally Athens' ruinous banning of Megara from trading within the Athenian empire. Sparta, at the behest of its allies, demanded lifting of this ban and Athens refused.
What did the greek charioteers wear?
Roma Charioteers were slaves so they wore basically the same as a household slave would, basically a tunic but it was coloured to determinate who the different racers were who owned the slaves. White, red, green, blue and black wer the most used colours.
What languages were spoken in ancient Macedonia?
Correct answer: A north western Doric dialect of Greek.
Livy wrote, "…The Aetolians, the Acarnanians, the Macedonians, men of the same speech, are united or disunited by trivial causes that arise from time to time …" (Livy, History of Rome, b. XXXI par. XXIX).
On another occasion Livy writes "…[General Paulus] took his official seat surrounded by the whole crowd of Macedonians … his announcement was translated into Greek and repeated by Gnaeus Octavius the praetor…". The Romans clearly saw the Macedonians as Greek speaking people.
Alexander gave an order that the inscriptions which were in a foreign language were to be explained in Greek, so that they would be comprehensible to his troops: - (Plutarch's Alexander, 69, 2)
and he also ordered that the troop of Persians "should learn the Greek language and be trained to use Macedonian weapons" - (Plutarch's Alexander, 47,6)
***The notion that the Macedonians needed translators is an entry found in livius . org that claims that "Eumenes needed a translator to address the soldiers of the Macedonian phalanx".
At that time, Greeks spoke more than 200 Hellenic dialects or languages, as the ancient Greeks used to call them. Some of the well-known dialects were Ionic, Attic, Doric, Aeolic, Cypriot, Arcadic, Aetolic, Acarnanic, Macedonian and Locric.
Nowhere in ancient sources can it be found that Eumenes needed a translator to communicate with Macedonians. Eumenes sent a Macedonian to speak to them in the Macedonian dialect, in order to win their confidence. In (Plut. Eumenes XVII.2-VIII.1) Eumenes has absolutely no problem to communicate with Macedonians. Or in (Eum. XIV.5) Macedonians greeted Eumenes μακεδονιστι τη φωνή. Therefore there was no problem of communication between Eumenes and Macedonians.
The text that alludes to Eumenes requiring a 'special interpreter' has been misinterpreted and is out of context.
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It was a dialect - Macedonian - which was so far removed that when Alexander gave orders, the Macedonians had to have a special interpreter.
What made the Greek city-states vulnerable to Macedonian conquest?
Greek cities were too busy fighting with each other that the Macedonians decided ot conquer. Greek cities were too busy fighting with each other that the Macedonians decided ot conquer. Greek cities were too busy fighting with each other that the Macedonians decided ot conquer.
No, Danae (Persues' mother) had no other children. She was kept locked in a tower (away from men) when an oracle predicted that her son would kill his grandfather (Acrisius, king of Argos). However, Zeus visited Danae by a shaft of sunlight (or golden rain) and soon after Perseus was born.
After Perseus and Danae were set adrift in a box by Acrisius, they were rescued by a fisherman named Dictys. Dictys fell in love with Danae, but there the myths do not report any children from this union.
The Ancient Athenians would have eaten a variety of food. A significant part of their diet would have been lacto vegetarian including varieties of hearth bread and fresh cheeses. Meat was eaten but not as an everyday dish and the remains of ceremonial meat offerings to the Gods may have been consumed by the religious class. Fish would have been much consumed as in present day Greece. Grapes were widely grown for wine making (the Greeks customarily watered down their wine at table and a specific pottery vessel , a krater, a large shallow bowl was used for this and is a common find on Greek archaeological sites.
Potatoes, tomatoes and chilli peppers were unknown as they originate in the Americas and great seamen though they were the Athenians did not cross the Atlantic. WHAT UP PEOPLES!!????!!!!!!!!!!?!????! THIS ISN'T THE PERSON THAT WROTE THIS BTW.
What were philosophers like in ancient Greece?
In Athens, philosophers were usually the sophists of the period. Philosophers such as Socrates were also highly unpopular because he got the youth to question their society and so created problems for the government. Other historians mention Socrates' dismissal of bathing and physical appearance as another factor in his social status.
Natural resources of ancient Greece?
Land - provided food.
Rivers and seas - provided transportation and fish.
Human fertility provid mor children than its incessant wars were able to kill, and so spread around the Mediterranean.
What are the main events of the Battle of Marathon?
Athens and Eretria on the Greek mainland gave support to the Greek cities in Asia Minor in their rebellion against Persian rule.
In the process, they overdid it by burning down the Persian provincial capital of Sardis.
When the rebellion in Asia Minor is put down, Persia decided to hand out a lesson to the two interlopers and mounts a punitive amphibious force to capture the cities and instal a local tyrant to keep them quiet in future.
The expedition captured Eretria. It then moved on over the strait to Athens, landing on the plain of Marathon.
The Athenian army with the suport of the allied Plataia, confronted the Persian force at Marathon, but stayed in the hills to avoid the superior Persian cavalry. Athens sent to Sparta asking for help, and the Spartans agree to come as soon as an important religious festival is over.
After ten days of standoff, the Athenians noticed the Persian cavalry being loaded on their ships. They took advantage of this, running down and defeating the inferior Persian infantry which was without its cavalry support.
When the fight was over and the Persian ships and cavalry had pushed off, the Athenians saw signls flashing from the hills and noted that the ships had turned south, and realised that they were being rowed around the cape to make a landing near Athens, to dash up to the city and take it through gates opened by traitors, as had happened to Eretria.
The Athenian army ran back the 26 miles to Athens and formed up in front of the city as the Persian cavalry was being unloaded.
The Persians gave up and went home, with only the Eritrian prisoner to show for it. The Spartans were disappointed to arrive too late for the battle, but marched out to view the site, congratulating the Athenians.
This was the first marathon run which is commemorated today. Today's athletes get it easy, not having to wear sandals and carry armour, shields and weapons as did the Athenians.
